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Factors Determining Hooligans Crime

100%
Czop A., Juszczak A.
Security Dimensions: International & National Studies
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2017
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vol. 22(22)
99-113
EN
During the study authors stated that the main determinant of demoralisation of youth, joining scarfers subcultures, where they act with aggression and brutal violence, are disturbances in the process of their education and socialization. They have presented, in their opinion, the most important factors determining the processes leading to deviant and pathological behaviour of youth, whose negative final is criminal activity. These determinants, in their opinion, are: family environment, school, peer group and negative social background. According to the researchers, occurrence of dysfunction in these areas results in criminalisation of the youth, which takes place in an informal group, which are the scarfers. The authors conclude that it is necessary to start comprehensive programs aimed at improving situation in family, schools, which in addition to implementation of educational process, should focus their attention on pedagogical work. Without taking into account, in a comprehensive way, all of the indicated factors, we cannot achieve the goal of normalisation of environments associated with fans.
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Subculture of Stadium Hooligans – Pathology or Crime?

100%
Czop A., Juszczak A.
Security Dimensions: International & National Studies
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2017
|
vol. 21(21)
142-158
EN
Aggressive behaviour of hooligans is not a new phenomenon, but has its roots in ancient times. From that era it developed and evolved, with particular dynamics at the turn of the 1950s/60s of the last century. In Poland this phenomenon and the violence appeared later, in the 1970s. Authors also presented classification of the fans by presenting the attributes and characteristics of particular groups. These often brutal and violent behavior have also been analised in this article –authors have presented the most spectacular tragedies caused by aggression of hooligans. It was showed that modern groups of football hooligans in Poland often have criminal nature, and are an important part of organised (often international) crime, connected with smuggling and drug trafficking.
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