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EN
The caesura of 1918 in the history of Slovak culture and literature is customarily defined by political and historical breakthrough - the establishment of Czechoslovakia. Political change does not correspond immediately with the changes within the Slovak society and culture. In the Slovak interwar milieu, there are still traces of the past, which significantly affect the Slovak reality after 1918. Michal Chorváth, Alexander Matuška, and Alžbeta Göllnerová-Gwerková describe the Slovak culture after 1918 according to this thesis. The article summarizes their diagnoses and focuses on the presence of the past in the sociocultural Slovak interwar reality.
PL
Cezurę roku 1918 w historii słowackiej kultury i literatury zwyczajowo ustalają względy polityczno-historyczne, związane z powstaniem Pierwszej Republiki Czechosłowackiej. Zmiana polityczna nie przekłada się od razu na kondycję społeczeństwa i kultury – w słowackiej kulturze międzywojnia nadal istnieją ślady przeszłości, które znacząco wpływają na słowacką rzeczywistość po 1918 roku. Powyższą tezę rozwija między innymi publicystyka społeczno-kulturalna Michala Chorvátha, Alexandra Matuški i Alžbety Göllnerovej-Gwerkovej z lat trzydziestych XX wieku. Artykuł podsumowuje ich diagnozy i skupia się na obecności przeszłości w rzeczywistości społeczno-kulturalnej słowackiego międzywojnia.
EN
The present literary historical study focuses on reconstructing the outer circumstances of the cultural life in the first half of the 1930s, which had a significant influence on reception of Alexander Matuška´s early work in the Slovak environment. The study consists of two chapters – the first one deals with an attempt at unifying the Slovak cultural environment on the national basis in the name of the slogan by Tido J. Gašpar „Dajme sa dokopy“ („Let´s get together“), the other one presents Slovak polemics concerning the Czech monthly Přítomnost, which Matuška cooperated with in the 1930s. The material resource of the research is provided by selected society and culture magazines, which were used as a platform for the clashes of world views and were the most influential media of the times. (Přítomnost, Slovenské pohľady, Elán, DAV, Pero, Nový svet, LUK etc.). Against a background of the selected polemics over Alexander Matuška, which also involved Tido J. Gašpar and Ferdinand Peroutka, the author of the study takes account of the ideological clashes in the Slovak cultural life of the 1930s. What becomes the centre of attention is the conflict between the Slovak and the Czechoslovak identities and the confrontation between the modern paradigm of Slovak culture and its traditional form, i.e. arguments between the progressive and conservative parts of the Slovak cultural elites. Matuška´s juvenile critical gesture along with the reactions it triggered is thus interpreted as a part of wider discourse structure – intense contemporary discussions on the cultural dimension of the so called „Slovak issue”.
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