Full-text resources of CEJSH and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

Results found: 10

first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last

Search results

help Sort By:

help Limit search:
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
1
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Selektywna polityka migracyjna ukierunkowana na pozyskanie wysoko wykwalifikowanej kadry a konkurencyjność państwa przyjmującego

100%
Piekutowska A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2018
|
vol. 352
163-173
PL
Proces akumulacji kapitału ludzkiego, tak istotnego dla konkurencyjności gospodarki, napotyka na bariery: czasowe, finansowe czy wynikające z mobilności tego kapitału. Alternatywą może być imigracja wysoko wykwalifikowanej kadry. Szereg państw prowadzi politykę migracyjną ukierunkowaną na napływ specjalistów. Rodzą się stąd pytania: które państwa wygrywają w globalnym wyścigu o talenty i jakie polityki migracyjne są skuteczne w tym zakresie? Celem artykułu była odpowiedź na nie. Rozważania pozwalają wnioskować, że o ile system punktowy jest skuteczny w procesie akumulacji kapitału ludzkiego, to z punktu widzenia konkurencyjności gospodarek zarówno w krótkim, jak i w długim okresie najkorzystniejszy jest jednak system hybrydowy.
EN
The process of accumulation of human capital (important for the competitiveness of the state) encounters barriers: in the scope of time, financial constraints or arising from human capital mobility. Alternative may be immigration of highly qualified staff. A number of countries have a migration policy aimed at influx of professionals. A few questions arise at this point: which countries win in the global race for talents and what migration policies are effective in this scope? The purpose of this article was to answer these questions. Considerations allow one to conclude that, while the point system is effective in the process of accumulation of human capital, the hybrid system is the most advantageous in terms of competitiveness both in the short and in the long run.
2
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Wpływ kryzysu gospodarczego na migracje międzynarodowe na przykładzie Unii Europejskiej

100%
Piekutowska A.
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
|
2017
|
issue 498
251-262
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wpływ kryzysu finansowego w UE na dynamikę i skalę migracji w UE (zarówno obywateli państw UE, jak i migrantów spoza UE). Wykazano, że zgodnie z założeniami neoklasycznej teorii migracji, w okresie recesji, na skutek pogarszającej się sytuacji na rynku pracy, imigracja spadała, a emigracja rosła. Analiza zmian sytuacji na rynku pracy w okresie kryzysu pozwala na wyciągnięcie wniosku, że obcokrajowcy odczuwają silniej negatywne skutki pogarszającej się sytuacji na rynku pracy niż krajowa siła robocza (państwa przyjmującego). W analizie wyróżniono migrantów z państw UE i spoza UE, co pozwoliło zauważyć, że chociaż to imigranci spoza UE odczuli najsilniej skutki kryzysu, to największą mobilnością w latach kryzysu wykazywali się imigranci z UE. Można to próbować wyjaśnić brakiem możliwości wyjazdów i powrotów obywateli spoza UE do państwa przyjmującego po okresie dekoniunktury, możliwość tę mają migranci z UE przemieszczający się w ramach swobody przepływu pracowników.
3
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Zmiany "terms of trade" w krajach rozwijających się

100%
Piekutowska A.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 1(67)
PL
Do badania zmian relacji cen w handlu międzynarodowym stosuje się narzędzie zwane terms of trade. Intratna relacja cen towarów eksportowanych i importowanych sprawia, że handel zwiększa efektywność gospodarowania. Niestety, nie wszystkie kraje w jednakowym stopniu mogą z niej korzystać. Te, których główną ofertą są surowce lub żywność, a do takich zalicza się większość państw rozwijających się, odnoszą znacznie mniejsze korzyści z wymiany handlowej niż eksporterzy towarów przemysłowych. Ceny bowiem tych pierwszych kształtują się zdecydowanie mniej rentownie, wykazując się przy tym dużą niestabilnością. W rezultacie, terms of trade krajów rozwijających się najczęściej przejawia tendencję spadkową. Tymczasem, istnieje zależność między poziomem terms of trade a dochodem narodowym i rozwojem gospodarczym. Poprawa terms of trade wpływa na zwiększenie dochodu narodowego, a jego pogorszenie pociąga za sobą przeciwne skutki. Stąd tak istotne znaczenie ma odwrócenie tej niekorzystnej dla krajów rozwijających się tendencji, ponieważ wzrost cen surowców oznacza, że pojawia się źródło sfinansowania luki rozwojowej w tych krajach. Przy istniejącej elastyczności popytu i podaży powstają także warunki sprzyjające dalszej liberalizacji handlu.
EN
The tool called the ‘terms of trade’ is used to study the changes in relative prices in international trade. A favourable ratio of export prices to import prices increases the economic efficiency of trade. Unfortunately, not all countries are equally capable of achieving such a ratio. Those whose main range of exports include raw materials or food, i.e. developing countries, receive much lower benefits from trade than the exporters of industrial goods since the prices for the former are far less profitable and, what is more, highly unstable. As a result, the terms of trade of developing countries generally tend to decline. Meanwhile, there is a correlation among the levels of terms of trade, national income and economic development. Improved terms of trade increase national income, while their deterioration has an opposite effect. Therefore, it is important to reverse the unfavorable trends in developing countries. The increase in commodity prices means that there is a source of financing the development gap in these countries. With the existing flexibility of supply and demand, favourable conditions are also created for further trade liberalisation.
4
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Rola preferencji celnych Unii Europejskiej w promowaniu rozwoju krajów rozwijających się

100%
Piekutowska A.
Przegląd Zachodniopomorski
|
2014
|
issue 3/1
117-127
EN
Important role in promoting development in developing countries, developed countries play. By abolishing trade barriers against imports from these countries to enable them to greater participation in international trade and the associated greater benefits. The EU has long been taking action to ensure developing countries greater access to its market. For this purpose, the General System of Preferences – GSP, which provides a number of facilities in this area. Although in principle it should help to improve the difficult economic situation in developing countries, in practice, these effects are not always possible to achieve. This is due to several reasons, among others, the problem lies in the fact that it is a system too complicated, and few countries have benefited from it. This does not mean that the EU should stop activities aimed at providing greater access to its market for developing countries. It seems, however, that certain regulations requires the procedure for granting preferences.
5
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

From Rivalry Toward Cooperation. Integration within European Economic Area

63%
Piekutowska A., Dubowski T.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 5(71)
EN
The path of European economic integration these days seems to be dominated by the European Union – its functioning and current challenges. It is however worth emphasizing, that the process of European integration together with commercial and trade aspects thereof, includes also elements which remain beyond the mainstream of Union–oriented debate and involve countries not being EU Member States. European Economic Area (EEA) is a good example of that. The supranational model of integration combined with inclinations towards more traditional, intergovernmental, concept of cooperation resulted in a very interesting form of economic integration grouping. The motives for establishing EEA, the mosaic of interests represented by states engaged, the economic conditionings in that respect and – finally – the character of EEA and the peculiar instruments of decision-making are then worth a closer analysis. No less important are perspectives of EEA further development. Those problems are the main elements of considerations presented in this contribution.
6
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Negocjacje wieloletnich ram finansowych Unii Europejskiej na lata 2014-2020 w warunkach kryzysu gospodarczego

63%
Piekutowska A., Dubowski T.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 4(70)
PL
Wieloletnie Ramy Finansowe przekładają priorytety polityki Unii Europejskiej na kategorie finansowe, a ich implementacja staje się odzwierciedleniem wizji integracji, jaka ma być realizowana w kolejnych latach. Proces negocjacji ram angażuje szereg podmiotów reprezentujących zróżnicowane interesy czy rozmaite perspektywy. Dodatkowo, proces ten jest warunkowany klimatem politycznym i gospodarczym. Negocjacje Wieloletnich Ram Finansowych na lata 2014-2020 odbywają się w wyjątkowych okolicznościach – w tle stale utrzymującej się, słabej kondycji gospodarczej państw dotkniętych skutkami kryzysu finansowego. Implikuje to naturalne pytanie o wpływ kryzysu gospodarczego na przebieg negocjacji oraz rozważania, na ile kształt przyjętych propozycji uwzględnia interesy poszczególnych państw członkowskich Unii Europejskiej, w tym Polski.
EN
The Multiannual Financial Frameworks translate the policy priorities of the EU into financial categories. Their implementation becomes a reflection of the vision of integration to be pursued in the coming years. The negotiation process involves a number of entities representing different interests and/or perspectives. In addition, the process is conditioned by the political and economic climate. Negotiations on the Multiannual Financial Framework 2014-2020 are held in exceptional circumstances – against the background of a persistently poor economic situation of the countries affected by the financial crisis. This raises the obvious questions as to what impact the economic crisis has on the negotiations and how the shape of the adopted proposals takes into account the interests of individual EU Member States, including Poland.
7
Publication available in full text mode
Content available

Economic and Monetary Union as an Example of Differentiated Integration

63%
Piekutowska A., Kużelewska E.
Yearbook of Polish European Studies
|
2015
|
issue 18
165-192
EN
Despite the over 60 years’ experience with European integration (since the Paris Treaty), it remains permeated with certain distinctions and dissimilarities with respect to particular Member States. The Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is the best example of differentiated integration, since as early as its initial construction it contained signifi cant differences vis-à-vis Member States. The third stage of the EMU (in force since 1 January 1999), the introduction of the single European currency, did not encompass all 15 Member States, but only 11 of them. Greece joined it only in 2002, and the United Kingdom and Denmark had negotiated an opt-out provision in the Maastricht Treaty. This article explores differentiated integration in the EMU framework, and presents as well the consequences for the countries outside the ‘hard core’ of currency integration, i.e. those states which are the subjects of temporary derogations and which are obliged, by their Accession Treaties, to accept the European currency in the future.
8
Content available remote

Migration and the Labour Market – The Case of Poland and the Baltic States

63%
Piekutowska A., Grabowiecki J.
Olsztyn Economic Journal
|
2017
|
vol. 12
|
issue 3
247-260
EN
This article aims to examine the economic impact of emigration on labour market developments in Poland, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia (since EU accession) in a comparative perspective. The realization of this goal required an analysis of the literature as well as statistical analysis. The impact of emigration on the unemployment rate reduction, the issue of labour shortages and the wage effect of emigration and rising inflation were analysed. The main conclusion of the study is that the nature of these effects seems to be country-specific. The analysis indicated that along with reduction in labour supply, the unemployment rate reduction, the wage growth pressure and inflation were observed in all of the analysed countries. However, the strength of these developments varied among them. This differentiation can be attributed firstly to a different scale and intensity of emigration. Furthermore, differences among the analysed countries in the scope of wage pressure and inflation should be explained in the context of changes in the domestic workers productivity.
9
Content available remote

Refleksja na temat referendum w sprawie przystąpienia Polski do strefy euro

63%
Kużelewska E., Piekutowska A.
Przegląd Sejmowy
|
2017
|
issue 2(139)
105–122
EN
The article discusses the possible introduction of the euro in Poland. The legal and social aspects of responding to the will of the people on this matter have been analyzed. The accession of a Member State to the Economic and Monetary Union is subject to conditions, specifi ed by convergence criteria, to ensure good preparation of that Member State for the adoption of a single European currency and its integration with the eurozone. Poland is subject to a temporary derogation, which means that it is obliged to join the Economic and Monetary Union after meeting these criteria. Despite of the lack of a deadline for the adoption of the euro by Member States that joined the EU in 2004 or later, the Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (Article 119) requires them to introduce common currency in an indefi nite future. In Poland, the issue occasionally raised in the discussion is that citizens should decide in the referendum whether to convert the zloty into euro. Taking into account the predominance of unfavourable attitude to adopting the European currency and strong concerns about its negative impact on the Polish economy and domestic households, it is reasonable to question whether in such circumstances the decision to adopt the euro is legitimate and whether the public opinion may be crucial in the process of adoption common currency in Poland. What legal nuances are important in the referendum on the euro? The experience of other states that have been responsive to the will of the people on the adoption of the euro should be a warning. The Swedes and Danes voted to retain the national currency, based not merely on economic arguments, but also on national symbols.
10

THE ROLE OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES IN THE PROCESS OF EUROPEAN REGIONALIZATION

63%
Piekutowska A., Wakuluk I. E.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2011
|
issue 5(53)
157-170
EN
Economic entities in the EU are extremely valuable actors not only of the economic life by contributing to national income but also by creating jobs, spending some funds for research and development, and creating progress. The European integration is based on the Single Market, and it has increased the role of these entities. Granted privileges - liberty of running business, freedom of services or capital, make a framework of economic activities go far beyond national borders. The effect of free choice of a place of business on the one hand and considering the role of economic entities for a given region is to increase their role in the process of the European integration. One of the aspects examined in the paper is the growing importance of economic entities visible at the stage of co-creation of the EU law and the role played by a strong lobby of employers. The authors presented their voice in the debate around the question: Does the growing role of economic entities threaten the function of the state - or the EU institutions, which in a given field took the power from the states?
first rewind previous Page / 1 next fast forward last
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.