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Wieloletni systematyczny wysiłek fizyczny jako czynnik modyfikujący występowanie miażdżycy subklinicznej u mężczyzn aktywnych zawodowo

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Kwaśniewska M., Rębowska E., Jegier A., Kostka T., Pietruszyński R., Lesiak T., Kozińska J., Drygas W.
Medycyna Pracy
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2013
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vol. 64
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issue 6
785-795
EN
Background: Optimal dose of physical activity in the prevention of atherosclerosis remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on selected indices of atherosclerosis in the working-age population of men. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in a cohort of asymptomatic men participating in follow-up examinations in the Healthy Men Clinic, Medical University of Lodz. Of the 132 men who responded to the invitation to participate in this study, 101 men were eligible for the non-invasive assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis indices. Self-reported PA was assessed by interviewer-administered validated questionnaires. During the latest follow-up subclinical atherosclerosis was measured by assessing the coronary artery calcification (CAC), the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) using peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT2000). Results: Preliminary results have been elaborated in the group of 60 men (mean age: 61.3±8.85 years). The participants were predominantly white collar workers with low occupational LTPA. The cohort was divided into 3 groups according to the LTPA level. Both dose and energy expenditure of recreational PA significantly correlated with CA, IMT and RHI in the whole cohort. The majority of men maintained their baseline PA throughout the observation period. Men with the highest LTPA level had significantly lower mean CAC, IMT (p < 0.01), and significantly higher mean RHI (p < 0.05) compared to the least active group. On final examination men with high PA had also the most favorable cardiovascular profile. Conclusions: The preliminary results indicate the protective effect of high LTPA level in the context of subclinical atherosclerosis in men. Med Pr 2013;64(6):785–795
PL
Wprowadzenie: Optymalna dawka wysiłku fizycznego w profilaktyce miażdżycy jest przedmiotem badań. Celem analizy jest ocena zależności między wieloletnim poziomem aktywności fizycznej a wybranymi wskaźnikami subklinicznej miażdżycy w grupie aktywnych zawodowo mężczyzn. Materiał i metody: Do udziału w projekcie zaproszono wieloletnich podopiecznych Poradni Zdrowego Człowieka Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi bez objawów chorób układu krążenia. U wszystkich uczestników przeprowadzano wywiad, przedmiotowe badanie lekarskie i badania dodatkowe. Poziom AF był oceniany za pomocą standaryzowanych kwestionariuszy. Spośród 132 mężczyzn, którzy odpowiedzieli na zaproszenie, do nieinwazyjnej oceny wskaźników subklinicznej miażdżycy zakwalifikowano 101 osób. Przeprowadzono ocenę grubości kompleksu intima-media tętnic szyjnych (IMT), wskaźnika uwapnienia naczyń wieńcowych (CAC) i wskaźnika reaktywnego przekrwienia (RHI) metodą endoPAT 2000. Wyniki: Wyniki wstępne opracowano w grupie 60 mężczyzn w wieku 61,3±8,8 lat. Badani najczęściej deklarowali małą aktywność fizyczną, związaną z pracą zawodową. Badaną kohortę podzielono na 3 grupy w zależności od wyjściowego poziomu rekreacyjnej aktywności fizycznej (leisure-time physical activity - LTPA). Większość badanych utrzymała wyjściowy poziom LTPA trakcie całej obserwacji. W ostatnim badaniu kontrolnym grupa o najwyższym poziomie LTPA charakteryzowała się najkorzystniejszym profilem ryzyka sercowo-naczyniowego. Zarówno dawka AF, jak i wydatek energetyczny istotnie korelowały z CAC, IMT oraz RHI. W grupie o wysokim poziomie LTPA odnotowano istotnie niższy średni wskaźnik CAC, IMT (p < 0,01) oraz istotnie wyższy średni RHI (p < 0,05) w porównaniu z grupą o najmniejszym wydatku energetycznym. Wnioski: Analiza wstępna wskazuje na protekcyjny efekt wieloletniego wysokiego poziomu LTPA w zakresie występowania subklinicznej miażdżycy u mężczyzn. Med. Pr. 2013;64(6):785–795
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Epidemiology of physical activity in adult Polish population in the second decade of the 21st century. Results of the NATPOL 2011 study

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Drygas W., Sakłak W., Kwaśniewska M., Bandosz P., Rutkowski M., Bielecki W., Rębowska E., Prusik K., Zdrojewski T.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2013
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vol. 26
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issue 6
846-855
EN
Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess physical activity (PA) level in a representative sample of Polish adults.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was performed among 2413 randomly selected individuals (51.5% women) aged 18-79 years, who participated in the Nationwide Study of Occurrence of Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases NATPOL 2011 (March-July 2011). The study procedures consisted of a questionnaire as well as of anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical measurements. Leisure-time, occupational and commuting PA were assessed by the use of a questionnaire interview. Results: About 48.2% of adults do exercise for at least 30 minutes on most days of a week. About 11% of the respondents declare a sedentary lifestyle. About 26.5% of working population report hard physical work, while sedentary work is reported by 47.6% of the employed participants. Active commuting is declared by 27.3% of working/studying population. About 47.2%, 36.6%, and 15.3% spend < 15, 15-30, and > 30 min per day, respectively, on this kind of PA. Conclusions: PA level of more than half of Polish adults is still not satisfactory. Promotion of an active lifestyle should concern mainly leisure-time and commuting PA with paying special attention to substantial differences in various socio-demographic groups.
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Vitamin D – dietary intake, supplementation and metabolic status of Polish adults

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Kamińska S., Pikala M., Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E., Bielecki W., Rębowska E., Kozakiewicz K., Nadrowski P., Drygas W., Kwaśniewska M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2020
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vol. 33
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issue 1
107-118
EN
ObjectivesContrary to popular opinion on the preventive properties of vitamin D, results of previous studies have been inconclusive. The aim of this research was to evaluate the associations between the intake of vitamin D and metabolic abnormalities in a representative sample of Polish adults.Material and MethodsWithin the framework of the Multi-Center National Population Health Examination Survey (referred to as WOBASZ), a random sample of 2381 adult residents of Poland (53.8% of whom were women) was examined. All the study subjects were extensively reviewed, including 24-h dietary recall. The intake of vitamin D was assessed on the basis of dietary and supplements reviews. Metabolic abnormalities were evaluated using measurements of waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), serum triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting glycemia. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation.ResultsOf all the study participants, about 4.4 % of women and 2.6% of men declared a regular supplementation of vitamin D. Among women, a significant inverse correlation between vitamin D supplementation and the mean systolic BP was found (p < 0.01). A more substantial relationship was noted after dividing the study subjects according to their body mass. Among obese men, there was a significant inverse relationship between vitamin D intake and the mean systolic BP (p < 0.01) and diastolic BP (p < 0.05), as well as a positive correlation with HDL-C (p < 0.05). Among obese women, a negative correlation was found between vitamin D supplementation and the mean systolic BP (p < 0.01) and diastolic BP (p < 0.05), and a positive correlation with TG (p < 0.05). Among non-obese male subjects, a negative correlation between vitamin D intake and WC was observed.ConclusionsThe obtained findings suggest that the correlation between vitamin D intake and metabolic abnormalities may depend on the obesity status. A higher vitamin D intake may reduce BP and increase HDL-C in obese subjects. The positive relationship between vitamin D intake and TG concentration in women needs further investigation.
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