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EN
The article deals with the motif of supermarket and its customers in Polish contemporary prose. The image of supermarket is usually created in poetics of grotesque. It's presented as simulacrum. The interested problem evoked by prose is consciousness of customers; it is described by the fact of buying. “I’m doing shopping so I am” can be a new formula of human condition.
EN
The heroes of Polish present-day anti-utopia live in cities. The city is created in novels as a closed space, antagonistic to human freedom; in fact, as a kind of prison. The article presents types of cities in anti-utopia and their connections with the anti-urban trend of Polish modern literature.
EN
Cyberpunk is one of sdence-fiction strams. Its plots are situated in cyber web. Characters are technology funs; they act in virtual reality. The real world and the virtual one are often hard to distinguish. Polish cyberpunk works usually imitate Western patterns, the cyberpunk elements are used just to make a plot more attractive or sometimes for intellectual experiment. Only the last case gives the reader intellectual and aesthetic satisfaction.
EN
In my article I tried to find the answer, how the society has seen the technic. Also - how the writers showed it in 20lh century science-fantasy books. My essay is based on 20th century Polish science-fantasy literature. The way of changing the topics in science-fantasy books is easy to see. There are the elements of science and technic inventions: from interest in modem technical culture to danger connected with mistakes in using treasures of technical civilization. Humanity depends on technical treasures. The miraculous invention in literary could be describe as technological danger.
EN
The article shows the description of intcrtextual present in late S. Lems novels. It might be called ‘auto-inter-textualitation’. Three modern novels of Lem ("Local vision” , "Fiasco” and “Peace on the Earth") contains the references to his previous pieces of work. The heroes from the previous novels and their sentences or even fragments, which had been selected from the previous stories, are now beeing appeared in the other context with new meanings (sometimes totally different than before)
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest jednej z najbardziej wieloznacznych powieści Stanisława Lema — Pamiętnikowi znalezionemu w wannie. Świat bohatera Pamiętnika, pozbawiony łączności z tym, co zewnętrzne, zawiera się w umyśle postaci. Samoidentyfikacja wiążąca się nierozerwalnie z odosobnieniem, jest paradoksalnie niemożliwa do osiągnięcia w labiryncie korytarzy budowli. „Ja” bohatera, dążące do „bycia sobą”, nie może zdobyć pełni tożsamości, ponieważ niezdolne pozostaje do dookreślenia siebie w relacji do struktur Gmachu.
EN
This paper deals with one of the most polysemic novels by Stanisław Lem – Pamiętnik znaleziony w wannie. The protagonist's world, bereft of liaison with what is outside, contains itself in the mind of the hero. Paradoxically, it is impossible to achieve self-identification, indissolubly linked with isolation, in the labyrinth of corridors. “I” of the protagonist, striving to “be oneself” cannot attain plenitude of identity because it is not able to define itself in relation to the structures of the Building.
Rocznik Lubuski
|
2016
|
vol. 42
|
issue 2
133-151
PL
Kryzys dyskursu antropocentrycznego, wespół z ekspansywnym rozwojem technologii cyfrowych sprawił, że człowiek przestał być — paradoksalnie — stawiany w centrum namysłu ponowoczesnej humanistyki. Jego miejsce zajęły formy świadomości nie-ludzkiej, pośród których ważką rolę odgrywają istoty hybrydyczne i będące efektem zabiegów cyborgizacji. Najnowsza sztuka — zwłaszcza jej nurt sytuujący się w ramach paradygmatu cyberkulturowym — usiłuje poddać obserwowane społecznie tendencje namysłowi artystycznemu w sposób syntopijny, tj. łącząc refleksję estetyczną z etyczną i technologią. Zawarte w tekstach kultury obrazy „poza-ludzkiej” przyszłości, zwłaszcza odczytywane z perspektywy manifestów posthumanistycznych ukazują świat przyszłości coraz bardziej odległy od dotychczasowych futurystycznych wizji. Szczególna rola w tym procesie przypadła popularnemu obiegowi kultury, w którym namysł nad technologicznymi uwarunkowaniami współczesnej egzystencji wyraża obawy jednostki przed dominacją techniki. Z tego względu w tekstach popkultury eksponowane miejsce zajmują następujące zagadnienia: − cyborgizacja, traktowana jako nieuchronna konsekwencja rozwoju technologicznego; − konieczność redefinicji utrwalonej kulturowo opozycji naturalne — sztuczne; − przemiany współczesnej wrażliwości technologicznej pod wpływem cyfryzacji rzeczywistości społecznej. Trudno jednakże oprzeć się zarazem wrażeniu, że w cyberpunku mamy do czynienia nie tyle ze zrefleksjonowaniem tez autorów posthumanistycznych manifestów, co wykorzystaniem przywoływanych przez nich figur wyobraźni do tworzenia opowieści eksploatujących społeczne nadzieje i lęki, związane z ekspansywnym rozwojem technologicznym
EN
Crisis of the anthropocentric discourse, together with expansive development of digital data, caused a situation, where human was - paradoxically - no longer placed in the center of post-modern humanities consideration. Its place was taken by forms of nonhuman consciousness, among whose hybrid-beings and the ones who are an effect of cyborgism play an important role. Modern art - especially its current, which situates itself in a framework of cyberculture paradigm - attempts to submit the noticed social tendencies to the artistic consideration in a cyber-cultural way, which is combining aesthetic and ethic reflection and technology. Images of non-human future contained in cultural writings, especially read from the posthumanistic manifests perspective, picture the world of future more and more distant from foregoing visions. A specific role in this process was ascribed to the pop-cultural circulation, in which consideration over technological conditioning of modern existence expresses one’s anxieties towards dominance of technology. For this reason in the pop-cultural texts exposed places are taken by following questions: − cyborgism treated as an inevitable consequence of the technological development; − a need to redefine culturally preserved opposition between natural and artificial; − changes in modern technological sensitivity under the influence of digitization of social reality. However, in the meantime it is difficult to resist the impression, that in cyberpunk we deal not with afterthought thesis of post-humanistic authors of manifests, but with using evoked by them figures of imagination to create stories, which exploit social hopes and anxieties connected with expansive development of technology.
PL
Recenzja omawia książkę Jakuba Z. Lichańskiego, poświęconą poematowi Konstantego Ildefonsa Gałczyńskiego „Niobe” (1951). Lichański odczytuje poemat z perspektywy krytyki retorycznej i metody filologicznej, uwzględniając kontekst kulturowo-historyczny towarzyszący powstaniu utworu Gałczyńskiego.
EN
The text reviews Jakub Z. Lichański’s book devoted to Konstanty Ildefons Gałczyński’s epic poem “Niobe” (1951). Lichański approaches the piece from the perspective of rhetorical criticism and philological method, also respecting the cultural-historical context of Gałczyński’s poem creation.
EN
This article focuses on Polish science fiction of the 70’s and 80’s in the 20th century. It seeks to present the way the writers used artistic strategies for creating the parable of the Polish political reality. The analyses of the vision of the presented world refer to the works by Janusz A. Zajdel, Wiktor Żwikiewicz, Marek Oramus and Edmund Wnuk-Lipiński.
EN
Nowadays The Vampire is considered to be an unsuccessful work of W. S. Reymont; however, the writer’s contemporaries appreciated it. The value of this novel is that reflects the cultural atmosphere of the epoch, the ideological and religious anxiety and the interest in paranormal phenomena. 52
EN
Polish science fiction creates the presented world as dominated by totalitarian system. The government controls the distribution of information. Oposing that, citizens create their own means of diffusing information, designated as the Book. The Book makes readers realize the contradiction between the rules imposed by government and their own conscience. Besides, the act of reading symbolizes the process of growing to reach the truth. The very motif of the Book may be understood as allusion to unofficial literature, that emerged in the early 80. years, while Polish science fiction was earning into being.
EN
The category of late archeological narrative, related to science-fiction, is distingushed due to thematic criterion. The plot is based on a motif of excavations. The heroes, situated in distant future, are usually research workers, studying the lost civilisation. However, they have nothing but excavation for their research, because of discontinuity of culture, due to the erlier great dissaster (for instance the total war). This is why their investigation turns out to be vain: the argumentation is correct, but deduction is false, that is obvious for a learner. The learner can easily recognize the lost civilisation, the subject of research in the presented world, as his own contemporaneousness. Late archeological narrative is a kind o f mental experiment, that presents limitations of science and of human capibility to make the past known. There are few novels in Polish literature, representing this trend; in my opinion, it hasen’t exhausted its artistic possibilities yet.
PL
Artykuł pokazuje, iż autorzy fantastyki naukowej nierzadko przywołują mit postępu, sprawiając, że ich twórczość bywa postrzegana jako zbeletryzowana forma refleksji nad możliwymi kierunkami rozwoju cywilizacji. Najczęściej jednak pisarze zwykli ograniczać swe wizje do ambiwalentnych aksjologicznie obrazów przyszłości poddanej dyktatowi wszechobecnej techniki. Niekiedy zresztą – o czym przekonuje lektura dzieł należących do nurtu dark future – sama technika staje się przyczyną upadku ludzkich społeczności. W opowieściach zaliczanych do tego nurtu wątek zagłady jest wartością samoistną, ich autorzy sięgają po motywy zagrożenia ze strony techniki jedynie dla rozrywki. Toteż utwory owe odgrywają przede wszystkim rolę źródła eskapistycznej zabawy, dzięki której aktualizowane (ale również degradowane) są społeczne i cywilizacyjne obawy ludzkości.
EN
The article shows that science-fiction writers oftentimes resort to the myth of progress due to which their creativity tends to be seen as a fictionalised form of reflection over the possible forms of civilisation development. Most often the writers for the most part limit their visions to axiologically ambivalent images of future subjected to the dictate of omnipresent technology. At times, of which dark future pieces of literature is the evidence, the technology itself becomes the cause of fall of human societies. In the stories included into the trend, the motif of extermination is a self-contained value, the novelists often reach for the motifs of threat rooted in technology only for enjoyment. As a result, the pieces are first and foremost a source of escapist play due to which social and civilisational fears of humanity are made real and degraded.
EN
Science fiction potentially well writes in the literature created in accordance with the pattern of socialist realism. Building the images of tomorrow, it can depict the real states as actual ones, which are ideologically postulated as future projects. At the same time, it expresses the optimism seen as a political and a class category. Moreover, directed particularly to the young, science-fiction has the ability to model a 'new reader' and, as a result, 'a new man'. Contrary to its potential utility, science fiction in socialist realism was hardly present, and decision-makers were interested in it only to a slight degree. Schematism of the texts and oftentimes slenderness of artistic values resulted from the breaking with the continuity of literary tradition: absence of any bounds with high and popular literature in the II Republic of Poland, while documents on the reader reception point out at the disorientation about the nature of science fiction, erroneously identified with science popularization.
EN
Looking for new sources of inspiration, authors of crime stories begin to combine literary fiction with historical facts. Thanks to that they create quasi-documentary narratives in which crime serves as a pretext to show historical settings (in Hanna Sokołowska’s novel the setting are the 1970s). This way the reader can be culturally embedded in “post-memory.”
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