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Zanik stanowisk rozrodczych kumaka nizinnego (Bombina bombina) na terenie Powiśla Łomiankowskiego

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Prokopowicz A., Romanowski J.

Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae

2016

vol. 14

issue 2

93-103

Field surveys for the Fire-bellied toad Bombina bombina were conducted in spring and summer 2013 and 2014. The study area is located in the Vistula River valley, north of Warsaw in Mazovia, central Poland. The area is of a high natural value and partially overlaps with two Natura 2000 areas: the Kampinos section of the Vistula River valley (PLH 140029) and the Middle Vistula River valley (PLB 140004). Two breeding sites of Fire- -bellied toads were detected in the vicinity of river dikes, including one in an ephemeral pond located in the flooded part of the river valley. The results document the decrease in number of breeding sites of the species. The surviving two local populations of Fire-bellied toads are endangered with illegal dumping of construction debris and the close vicinity of motocross track. To reduce the risk of extinction of local populations of Fire-bellied toads in Vistula valley, the authors discuss the proposition to enlarge existing Natura 2000 areas.

The influence of β-carotene on homocysteine level and oxidative stress in lead-exposed workers

61%

Kasperczyk S., Dobrakowski M., Kasperczyk J., Romuk E., Prokopowicz A., Birkner E.

Medycyna Pracy

2014

vol. 65

issue 3

309-316

Wstęp: Ponieważ ołów wywołuje stres oksydacyjny, przypuszcza się, że antyoksydanty mogą mieć zastosowanie w leczeniu zatrucia tym metalem. Celem niniejszej pracy było zbadanie, czy podawanie β-karotenu redukuje stres oksydacyjny oraz obniża stężenie homocysteiny u pracowników narażonych na ołów. Materiał i metody: Grupę badaną stanowili zdrowi pracownicy płci męskiej podzieleni na 2 podgrupy (średnie stężenie ołowiu we krwi: ok. 44 μg/dl). W pierwszej (N = 49, grupa porównawcza) nie stosowano żadnego leczenia, a drugiej podawano β-karoten w dawce 10 mg na dzień przez 12 tygodni. Analiza biochemiczna objęła markery narażenia na ołów i marker stresu oksydacyjnego - dialdehyd malonowy (malondialdehyde - MDA). Ponadto zbadano stężenie homocysteiny (homocysteine - Hcy), grup tiolowych oraz aktywność dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej (superoxide dismutase - SOD) i jej izoenzymu EC-SOD. Wyniki: Po suplementacji w grupie leczonej zaobserwowano obniżenie się stężenia MDA w porównaniu z wartościami wyjściowymi oraz z wynikami w grupie porównawczej. Obniżeniu uległo także stężenie Hcy w porównaniu z wynikami uzyskanymi dla grupy porównawczej. Z kolei stężenie grup tiolowych oraz aktywność SOD uległy zwiększeniu w porównaniu z grupą porównawczą, a w przypadku SOD i EC-SOD także w porównaniu z wartościami wyjściowymi. Wnioski: Wyniki niniejszego badania sugerują, że podawanie β-karotenu w zatruciu ołowiem może przynieść korzyści, takie jak zmniejszenie stresu oksydacyjnego, mierzonego pośrednio jako stężenie MDA, lub obniżenie stężenia aterogennej homocysteiny. Med. Pr. 2014;65(3):309–316

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in lead toxicity. This suggests that some antioxidants may play a role in the treatment of lead poisoning. In the light of this, the aim of the study was to determine whether β-carotene administration reduces oxidative stress and homocysteine level in workers chronically exposed to lead. Material and Methods: The exposed population included healthy male workers exposed to lead who were randomly divided into 2 groups (mean blood lead level ca. 44 μg/dl). Workers in the 1st group (N = 49, reference group) had no antioxidants, drugs, vitamins or dietary supplements administered, while workers in the 2nd group (N = 33) had β-carotene administered in a dose of 10 mg per day for 12 weeks. Biochemical analysis included markers of lead-exposure and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker. We also measured the level of homocysteine (Hcy) and thiol groups as well as the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and its isoenzyme EC-SOD in serum. Results: After supplementation, the level of MDA significantly decreased, compared to baseline, by 16%, and to the reference group. When compared to the reference group, Hcy level was also significantly decreased. However, the level of thiol groups was significantly higher after supplementation with β-carotene compared to the reference group. Analogically, the activity of SOD and EC-SOD was significantly higher compared to the baseline and to the reference group. Conclusions: Despite some controversies over antioxidant properties of β-carotene, our results indicate that its antioxidant action could provide some beneficial effects in lead poisoning independent of chelation. Med Pr 2014;65(3):309–316

A regional comparison of children’s blood cadmium, lead, and mercury in rural, urban and industrial areas of six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco

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Hrubá F., Černá M., Chen C., Harari F., Horvat M., Koppová K., Krsková A., Laamech J., Li Y.-F., Löfmark L., Lundh T., Lyoussi B., Mazej D., Osredkar J., Pawlas K., Pawlas N., Prokopowicz A., Rentschler G., Snoj Tratnik J., Sommar J., Spěváčková V., Špirić Z., Skerfving S., Bergdahl I. A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

2023

vol. 36

issue 3

349-364

Objectives The authors aimed to evaluate whether blood cadmium (B-Cd), lead (B-Pb) and mercury (B-Hg) in children differ regionally in 9 countries, and to identify factors correlating with exposure. Material and Methods The authors performed a cross-sectional study of children aged 7–14 years, living in 2007–2008 in urban, rural, or potentially polluted (“hot spot”) areas (ca. 50 children from each area, in total 1363 children) in 6 European and 3 non-European countries. The authors analysed Cd, Pb, and total Hg in blood and collected information on potential determinants of exposure through questionnaires. Regional differences in exposure levels were assessed within each country. Results Children living near industrial “hot-spots” had B-Cd 1.6 (95% CI: 1.4–1.9) times higher in the Czech Republic and 2.1 (95% CI:1.6–2.8) times higher in Poland, as compared to urban children in the same countries (geometric means [GM]: 0.13 μg/l and 0.15 μg/l, respectively). Correspondingly, B-Pb in the “hot spot” areas was 1.8 (95% CI: 1.6–2.1) times higher than in urban areas in Slovakia and 2.3 (95% CI: 1.9–2.7) times higher in Poland (urban GM: 19.4 μg/l and 16.3 μg/l, respectively). In China and Morocco, rural children had significantly lower B-Pb than urban ones (urban GM: 64 μg/l and 71 μg/l, respectively), suggesting urban exposure from leaded petrol, water pipes and/or coal-burning. Hg “hot spot” areas in China had B-Hg 3.1 (95% CI: 2.7–3.5) times higher, and Ecuador 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2–1.9) times higher, as compared to urban areas (urban GM: 2.45 μg/l and 3.23 μg/l, respectively). Besides industrial exposure, traffic correlated with B-Cd; male sex, environmental tobacco smoke, and offal consumption with B-Pb; and fish consumption and amalgam fillings with B-Hg. However, these correlations could only marginally explain regional differences. Conclusions These mainly European results indicate that some children experience about doubled exposures to toxic elements just because of where they live. These exposures are unsafe, identifiable, and preventable and therefore call for preventive actions.

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Zanik stanowisk rozrodczych kumaka nizinnego (Bombina bombina) na terenie Powiśla Łomiankowskiego

The influence of β-carotene on homocysteine level and oxidative stress in lead-exposed workers

A regional comparison of children’s blood cadmium, lead, and mercury in rural, urban and industrial areas of six European countries, and China, Ecuador, and Morocco