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Exposure to self-reported occupational noise and diabetes – A cross-sectional relationship in 7th European Social Survey (ESS7, 2014)

100%

Dzhambov A. M.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

2017

vol. 30

issue 4

537-551

Objectives Almost nothing is known about the effect of occupational noise on diabetes, and this is particularly relevant given the wide spread of both noise exposure and diabetes. This study has aimed to determine whether occupational noise exposure is associated with higher risk of diabetes in Europe. Material and Methods This study is based on 7th European Social Survey (ESS7, 2014) – a multi-country population-based questionnaire survey, which covered 28 221 Europeans aged ≥ 15 years old. Data on self-reported noise exposure, diabetes and other sociodemographic and work-related factors was available. The odds of prevalent diabetes were explored using unconditional logistic regression. Results In the total sample (N = 23 486), participants ever exposed to very loud noise had no substantive increase in the odds of diabetes (odds ratio (OR) = 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78–1.32). There were subgroups with non-significantly increased odds: men (OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.87–1.45), the elderly (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 0.91–1.31), ethnic minority members (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 0.91–2.62), those with secondary education (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.78–1.41) and those living in small cities/towns (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.89–1.29). Low-skilled white-collar workers had OR = 1.34 (95% CI: 1.09–1.64). Among participants employed during the preceding 5 years the odds were OR = 1.24 (95% CI: 0.95–1.61). Conclusions Self-reported occupational noise was not associated with increased odds of prevalent diabetes in the total sample. Sensitivity analyses revealed some subgroups with non-significantly higher odds. Our results suggest that further delve into the relationship between occupational noise and diabetes is feasible and warranted. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(4):537–551

Heart disease attributed to occupational noise, vibration and other co-exposure: Self-reported population-based survey among Bulgarian workers

63%

Dzhambov A. M., Dimitrova D. D.

Medycyna Pracy

2016

vol. 67

issue 4

435-445

Wstęp Choroby układu sercowo-naczyniowego są główną przyczyną zgonów na świecie. Z kolei hałas i wibracje uznaje się za czynniki ryzyka zawodowego, ale niewiele wiadomo na temat ich wpływu na układ krążenia u mieszkańców Bułgarii z uwzględnieniem płci i różnych grup zawodowych. Celem pracy była ocena ryzyka występowania chorób układu krążenia związanego z zawodowym narażeniem na hałas i drgania. Materiał i metody Wykonano retrospektywną analizę danych z 3 etapów (lat 2001–2010) Europejskiego Badania Warunków Pracy (European Working Conditions Survey – EWCS). Analiza obejmowała wyniki badania ankietowego reprezentatywnej próby – 3149 bułgarskich pracowników w wieku ≥ 15 lat. Po wprowadzeniu poprawki na inne badane czynniki okazało się, że istnieje związek między zgłaszanymi w ankiecie przypadkami chorób serca a narażeniem na hałas i drgania w miejscu pracy. Wyniki 3 etapów badania połączono, dokonując metaanalizy z zastosowaniem metody ważenia przez odwrotność wariancji (inverse variance heterogeneity – IVhet). Wyniki W przypadku hałasu ryzyko występowania chorób układu krążenia było podwyższone u kobiet (ryzyko względne (relative risk – RR) = 1,26; 95-procentowy przedział ufności (95% confidence interval – 95% CI): 0,53–3,01, ale nie wśród mężczyzn (RR = 0,49; 95% CI: 0,14–1,65). U pracowników o długim stażu pracy ryzyko względne wynosiło 1,01 (95% CI: 0,60–1,69). W przypadku wibracji RR było zwiększone u wszystkich badanych, ale bardziej u mężczyzn (RR = 2,56; 95% CI: 1,60–4,09) niż u kobiet (RR = 1,32; 95% CI: 0,77–2,27). Wśród pracowników o długim stażu pracy ryzyko względne wynosiło 1,56 (95% CI: 1,02–2,40), u zatrudnionych w przemyśle – 1,10 (95% CI: 0,61–1,98), a u pracujących w sektorze usług – 1,18 (95% CI: 0,57–2,46). Wnioski Narażenie na drgania w miejscu pracy w Bułgarii było czynnikiem zwiększonego ryzyka chorób serca. Natomiast narażenie na hałas prawdopodobnie było tym czynnikiem tylko wśród kobiet i robotników o długim stażu pracy. Med. Pr. 2016;67(4):435–445

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main mortality cause worldwide. Noise and vibration are considered to be occupational risk factors, but little is known about their cardiovascular effects in Bulgaria in terms of gender and various professional groups. The aim of this study has been to investigate the risk of prevalent CVD, associated with occupational noise and vibration exposure. Material and Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of the data from 3 waves of the European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) 2001–2010 – a nationally-representative cross-sectional questionnaire survey covering 3149 workers aged ≥ 15 years in Bulgaria. Data on self-reported heart disease were linked to self-reported occupational noise and vibration, adjusting for other factors. Results from the 3 waves were pooled together using the inverse variance heterogeneity (IVhet) meta-analysis. Results For noise, the risk was elevated among women (relative risk (RR) = 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.53–3.01), but not men (RR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.14–1.65). Long-term workers had RR = 1.01, 95% CI: 0.60–1.69. For vibration, the risk was increased in all participants. It was higher among men (RR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.60–4.09) than it was among women (RR = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.77–2.27). Among long-term, industrial, and service workers it was RR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02–2.40; RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.61–1.98, and RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.57–2.46, respectively. Conclusions Occupational vibration was a risk factor for prevalent heart disease in Bulgaria. Noise was an alleged risk factor only among long-term workers and women. Med Pr 2016;67(4):435–445

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1 International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

1 Medycyna Pracy

2 Dzhambov A. M.

1 Dimitrova D. D.

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1 2016

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Exposure to self-reported occupational noise and diabetes – A cross-sectional relationship in 7th European Social Survey (ESS7, 2014)

Heart disease attributed to occupational noise, vibration and other co-exposure: Self-reported population-based survey among Bulgarian workers