The article deals with three problems: Firstly, it discusses the interpretation of the word-formation “stem“ (here the author tries to define what the stem is: whether it is the whole periphrase, the word-torn or the lexeme if it is the lexeme - what primary function has it got as a part of speech). Secondly, interpretations of the derivative are reviewed. Most often the derivative is interpreted as a lexeme there is also the problem of its primary function as a category. Thirdly, the article deals with the problem o£ assigning meaning to formatives. The author, contrary to A. Bogusławski, speaks in favour of assigning meaning both to formiatives and to other elements of the texts which have no loose connection with other segments of the texts.
The paper is a study of certain song uses of nom. pi. in - owie. The author’s research results prove that variant uses of particular endings in nom. pl. of masculine nouns in Polish folk songs are not accidental. The occurrence of forms in —owie is very often semantically conditioned. The song contexts point to a considerable increase in Usability of the presented type of forms. In regard to the dialectal background it appears that both the territorial limits and the rigorous grammatical ivies are easily transgressed The ending in - owie , a frequent element of Polish folk songs clearly puts the folk language in opposition to the collequial country speech. In the definite majority of cases -owie in noun inflection meets the requirements of the poetic function and hence it should be treated as an element of artistic language. A comparison of recent dats with the analogous material from the 19th century (collected by O. Kolberg) shows that the number of fortes containing - owie is decreasing. Considering that examples, of the use of nom. pl. with other endings become more and more frequent the discussed phenomenon may be regarded as conservative and in many cases even archaic in nature.
Artykuł podejmuje problem istotny dla współczesnej dialektologii: w jakim stopniu możliwe jest obserwowanie zmian zachodzących w języku mieszkańców wsi. Obfita baza zawierająca materiał opatrzony danymi socjolingwistycznymi – zwłaszcza rokiem urodzenia informatora oraz inicjałami pozwalającymi poszczególne przykłady przypisać konkretnemu idiolektowi – daje wgląd w procesy (ale i ich przebieg) obserwowane w konkretnych gwarach. Prezentowane spostrzeżenia oparte są na doświadczeniach badawczych zespołu Pracowni Dialektologicznej UAM w Poznaniu.
EN
The article undertakes a significant problem for contemporary dialectology: how far is it possible to observe linguistic changes in a rural population. A large database containing material bearing sociolinguistic data – especially the year of birth and initials of the informant, allowing individual examples to be attributed to a particular idiolect – gives an insight into these processes (or their course), observed in specific dialects. The presented findings are based on the experience of the research team of the Dialectological Laboratory at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan.