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Determinants of overweight in the population of parents of school-age children

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Resiak M., Walentukiewicz A., Łysak-Radomska A., Woźniak K., Skonieczny P.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2019
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vol. 32
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issue 5
677-693
EN
Objectives The pathological increase in the amount of fat in the body is the cause of many diseases. The review of literature and the still current topic suggests the need to continue research on the relationship of obesity in adults with socio-demographic factors, the place of residence, the environment and health behaviors. The aim of the study was to identify factors conducive to the occurrence or coexistence of overweight or normal body weight among Gdańsk residents having school-age children. Material and Methods The primary research tool was a survey questionnaire to be filled in individually, concerning such issues as neighborhood, health behaviors, physical activity and the factors that affect these behaviors, and the risk of obesity. To examine the relationship between neighborhood, health behaviors and overweight, the logistic regression method was applied to determine the odds ratios (OR), showing the extent to which the probability of overweight or obesity increases/decreases. Results A higher level of education as well as a higher income per family member were associated with more correct values of the body mass index (BMI). A statistically significant relationship between the selected health behaviors in non-obese and overweight/obese groups was found. The significance of these was related to such variables as the duration of sleep, eating fast food products, drinking sweetened soft drinks, and eating canned and fried foods. The number of hours of sleep turned out to be significant. There was no significant relationship between the weight status and neighborhood. Conclusions The identification of the risk factors for overweight and obesity among parents of school-age children allows for the implementation of educational activities in this area to interdisciplinary procedures for the health of Tri-City residents. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(5):677–93
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Evaluation of the effectiveness of relaxation in lowering the level of anxiety in young adults – a pilot study

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Wilczyńska D., Łysak-Radomska A., Podczarska-Głowacka M., Zajt J., Dornowski M., Skonieczny P.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2019
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vol. 32
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issue 6
817-824
EN
Objectives Anxiety is a negative emotion that acts as a mediator between stress stimuli and emotional (physiological) reaction patterns. The myofascial system is particularly sensitive to stress. The aim of this study was to determine which of the 2 popular methods used to reduce psychophysical tension, i.e., soft tissue manipulation and Jacobson’s progressive relaxation, is more effective. Material and Methods This study was conducted at Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sports in the sports psychology laboratory and the manual therapy room. After performing specialist consultations and interviews to exclude potential participants with contraindications to any of the interventions, the final sample included 90 people who were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatment groups. In group I, soft tissue techniques were applied, including the techniques of post-isometric muscle relaxation, elements of myofascial relaxation of tissues, and elastic tissue deformation using the Swedish massage limited to the cervicothoracic complex. In group II, Jacobson’s progressive relaxation was performed. The training consisted of tightening and relaxing specific muscle groups. The experiment was conducted under an ambulatory condition, consisting of a single physiotherapeutic session (group I) or a single progressive relaxation session using the Jacobson method (group II). The level of anxiety was assessed twice, i.e., immediately before and after the therapy. Results According to a repeated-measures ANOVA, each therapeutic impact was effective in reducing the level of perceived anxiety. Furthermore, the level of perceived anxiety in group I decreased significantly more than that in group II. Conclusions In conclusion, both the soft tissue manipulation and Jacobson’s progressive relaxation techniques were efficient methods of minimizing the negative effects of stress. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(6):817–24
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