Among the factors, that are able to influence the dynamics of economic processes, the foremost place is occupied by the phenomenon of national economic mentality, which is the generalized concept for marking the stable order of people’s thinking. It generally reflects the level of national social-economic consciousness of society, social groups and stratum of public, individuals, their perception of the essence of economic activity, value system, interests, needs, that call forth incentives for entrepreneurial business. The aim of the article is the reasoning of the hypothesis that the modelling of country economic development is impossible without knowledge of its economic culture, economic mentality which is a connecting element between the development of material civilization and spiritual life of societies. The mentality is reflected in organizational culture and entrepreneurship through national character, which has the considerable impact on all areas of activities, particularly on economic processes. Ukrainians’ system of moral values was built up considering such traits of national mentality as individualism, natural democracy, disposition to introversion, and also to complex about inferiority, which gets its continuation in depreciation of objective reality and runaway to ethical-idyllic dreaminess with belief in utopia. In ukrainian national character the researchers find social egalitarianism (aspiration for social equality), society-centrism, provinciality, general indifference to politics, obstinacy, anarchy, ability for mimicry and adaptation. That is why the future of ukrainian economy is largerly connected with the change of moral behaviour of national entrepreneur. Ukraine’s choice of economic activity can be made only by considering its natural mental directives and guidelines, which approach European paradigm.
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