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Mordecai Kaplan’s Understanding of Holiness

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Verbum Vitae
|
2022
|
vol. 40
|
issue 2
387-401
EN
The Reconstructionist category of holiness, reflecting the essence of God in traditional Judaism, is a challenge both to contemporary Jewish thought and to theological thought in general. This paper attempts to explain why and how Mordecai Kaplan - the forerunner of the most liberal trend in Judaism - embarked on a reconstruction of the biblical concept of holiness and demonstrated the consequences of his transformations. First, Kaplan’s concept of holiness is discussed, followed by his description of the notion of “sancta” as advanced by the Reconstructionists. Next, Kaplan’s understanding of holiness, which denotes the fullness of humanity rather than the essence of the personal God, as in traditional Judaism, has been presented. Thus, according to Kaplan, holiness is an anthropological and not a theological category because he understood it as a “transcendental validity” on the path to attain human self-fulfillment in this world. From the perspective of tradition, the Reconstructionist concept of holiness results in Judaism’s desacralization, which can primarily be seen in the desacralization of God, the Torah, the Chosen People, and the Sabbath. Even allowing for Judaism’s diversity of views and positions, Kaplan’s concept of holiness is truly revolutionary in modern Jewish thought.
2
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Mordecai M. Kaplan’s proposal of Judaism’s renewal. Reconstrution or deconstruction?

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
|
2014
|
issue 10
75-97
PL
Amidst all trends present nowadays, the latest and the most controversial appears to be the Jewish Reconstructionism, which has been conceived by Mordecai M. Kaplan. The starting point for Reconstructionist involves actual reconstruction of traditional Judaism, which takes place based on ideas taken from social and natural sciences. The performed analyses permit to state (but not to conclude decisively), that Jewish Reconstructionism is a specific Jewish theory, a way of living for a certain group of Jews, but it is not a Judaism. The Kaplan's system, which represents a result of an intentional reconstruction and revaluation of traditional Judaism, becomes in fact a deconstruction and a devaluation of Judaism.   
EN
Amidst all trends present nowadays, the latest and the most controversial appears to be the Jewish Reconstructionism, which has been conceived by Mordecai M. Kaplan. The starting point for Reconstructionist involves actual reconstruction of traditional Judaism, which takes place based on ideas taken from social and natural sciences. The performed analyses permit to state (but not to conclude decisively), that Jewish Reconstructionism is a specific Jewish theory, a way of living for a certain group of Jews, but it is not a Judaism. The Kaplan's system, which represents a result of an intentional reconstruction and revaluation of traditional Judaism, becomes in fact a deconstruction and a devaluation of Judaism. 
3
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Żydowski obraz Żyda. W poszukiwaniu własnej tożsamości

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Teologia Praktyczna
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2009
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issue 10
171-190
PL
.
4
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Rekonstrukcjonistyczna desakralizacja Tory i jej wpływ na współczesną kulturę żydowską

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
|
2018
|
issue 17
231-250
EN
The text is going to recognize the fact that in the world today it is culture which exerts a tremendous influence on how the Bible is understood by Jews themselves. This approach is exemplified in Jewish reconstructionism, which effected a veritable revolution in that respect. As it appears, the attitude has ultimately led to the desacralization of the Torah.
5
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Historia Żydów historią świata

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
|
2011
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issue 4
338-344
PL
REC. KSIĄŻKI Howard N. Lupovitch, Jews and Judaism in World History, Routledge, New York 2010, 258 s.
6
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Od alienacji do akceptacji. Antysemityzm - antyjudaizm - antyżydowskość - antysyjonizm

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
|
2012
|
issue 6
95-108
PL
This presentation concerns the problem of the social withdrawal of the Jews in other communities both now and in the past. The life in the diaspora brought about a certain amount of tension conditioned by economic, political, social, moral, national or religious factors. There emerged various attitudes of non-Jews towards the Jews customarily called anti-Semitism, anti-Judaism, anti-Jewishness as well as anti-Zionism. All the aforementioned phenomena have common grounds: such was the price of constructing, protecting, preserving and developing one’s identity in a strange community. There are, however, essential differences between these phenomena and this is usually forgotten. Consequently, any attempt at subsuming all of them under the term ‘anti-Semitism’ is unfounded and unjustifiable. The presentation aims first and foremost at characterising the above phenomena and particularly the differences and similarities between them as this affects their proper understanding and evaluation.  
7
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Izrael – państwo demokratyczne czy teokratyczne?

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2015
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issue 11
373-378
PL
Recenzja książki: Anna Dudzińska, Tożsamość żydowska a polityka imigracyjna Izraela, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, Warszawa 2014, 154 s.
8
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East European Jews – prejudice or pride?

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
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2015
|
issue 11
165-179
PL
Jews from Central-Eastern Europe play a significant role in the formation of individual and social self-awareness in the Jewish world. It seems that in the Jewish world there exists a polarised approach to the Jews from this part of the world. On the one hand, there is pride, on the other, prejudice verging on shame. Some Jews have identified themselves with the group, others did the opposite, denied having anything to do with them. The most important question of our analyses is: what is the role of Eastern European Jews in building Jewish collective identity? Byron Sherwin, an American Jew, is an example of a great fascination with the Yiddish civilisation. Not only does he recognize and appreciate the spiritual legacy of Jews in Poland for other Jews around the world, but also accords this legacy a pre-eminent status in the collective Jewish identity. At the same time, he is conscious of the fact that not all Jews, if only in the United States, share his view. It is an upshot of the deep prejudice towards the life in the European Diaspora, which has been in evidence for some time. The same applies to the Jews in Israel. The new generations see the spiritual and cultural achievements of the Eastern European Jews as a legacy that should be learned and developed. This engenders hope that the legacy of the Jews of Eastern Europe will be preserved and will become a foundation of identity for future generations.    
EN
Jews from Central-Eastern Europe play a significant role in the formation of individual and social self-awareness in the Jewish world. It seems that in the Jewish world there exists a polarised approach to the Jews from this part of the world. On the one hand, there is pride, on the other, prejudice verging on shame. Some Jews have identified themselves with the group, others did the opposite, denied having anything to do with them. The most important question of our analyses is: what is the role of Eastern European Jews in building Jewish collective identity? Byron Sherwin, an American Jew, is an example of a great fascination with the Yiddish civilisation. Not only does he recognize and appreciate the spiritual legacy of Jews in Poland for other Jews around the world, but also accords this legacy a pre-eminent status in the collective Jewish identity. At the same time, he is conscious of the fact that not all Jews, if only in the United States, share his view. It is an upshot of the deep prejudice towards the life in the European Diaspora, which has been in evidence for some time. The same applies to the Jews in Israel. The new generations see the spiritual and cultural achievements of the Eastern European Jews as a legacy that should be learned and developed. This engenders hope that the legacy of the Jews of Eastern Europe will be preserved and will become a foundation of identity for future generations.  
9
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“Some are guilty but all are responsible” – A.J. Heschel’s opposition to all forms of persecution

100%
Szczerbiński W.
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
|
2023
|
issue 25
109-123
EN
The main purpose of this article is to analyze racial persecution in the light of Heschel’s religious concept of equality. The Jewish thinker analyzes this problem based on the phenomenon of persecution of black people by the followers of monotheism in the United States, both by Jews and Christians. Heschel asks a fundamental question: How can a religious man persecute another man because of the color of his skin?
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