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Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2014
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vol. 69
|
issue 7
591 – 603
EN
The paper’s focus is on the social cognition in humans and other great apes. Both the traditional debate on the theory of mind in chimpanzees, and the current influential account of shared intentionality as the locus of anthropological difference are based on questionable representationalist and intellectualist views of the mind. The proponents of the so-called interactive turn in social cognition research reject these views and propose an alternative interactionist and inactivist account of human social understanding. The author will argue that the interactive turn is to be extended and applied to other animal species as well, especially to non-human great apes.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2015
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vol. 70
|
issue 2
119 – 129
EN
Enactivism can be seen as a non-reductive, naturalistic theory of mind and agency that emerged from a set of biological and phenomenological ideas, inspired also by the Buddhist mindfulness tradition. The ethics of care, on the other hand, has established itself as a normative moral theory inspired by feminist moral philosophy and psychology as well as by some more traditional currents in ethics, such as moral sentimentalism, which it developed further in a novel and innovative manner. This paper aims to show that, despite the prima facie differences and separate developmental trajectories, both approaches have put forward, at about the same period of time, a powerful criticism of traditional individualistic and rationalistic accounts of autonomy, cognition, and agency, and have suggested a revision of these notions in terms of a relational ontology with an emphasis on the embodied and situated nature of cognition and agency. The first part of the paper provides a picture of an enactive research program. Its implications for an enactive ethics are discussed as well. In the second part some striking affinities between the enactive approach and the ethics of care are explored.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
|
issue 1
47 – 60
EN
The paper aims to provide a close reading analysis of Derrida’s critique of Husserl’s approach to philosophy of sings and language. Its focus is on Derrida’s Speech and Phenomena and Form and Meaning, trying to disclose the main line of his argument against Husserl’s attempt to separate the indicative and expressive functions of language sings, as well as to think language as a non-productive medium of expressing the pre-linguistic sense.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2016
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vol. 71
|
issue 7
572 – 582
EN
The paper aims to make the case that Edith Stein’s thought on feminine distinctiveness and sexual difference between man and woman deserves interest not only from historical point of view but also as a potential contribution to the present-day debates in feminist theory. In the first part, we argue for the relevance of classical phenomenology to current feminist theory. Phenomenologists avoid reducing the question of sexual difference to its empirical level. They rather reveal the sense of the difference by tracing its genesis within the experience of a concrete person and conceive it as a difference regarding the form or style of the entire intentional life. The aim of the second part is to show that Edith Stein phenomenological account of sexual difference is just of this sort. Therefore, her philosophy provides a basis of a fruitful phenomenological alternative to naturalistic and constructivist approaches in current feminist theory.
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