Search results

1

Badania archeologiczne na terenie gminy Sędziejowice

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Kajzer L., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

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1994

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vol. 50

EN

This article presents some remarks on archaeological researches on the oldest traces of human settlement in Sędziejowice commune. Up to now this region has not been the object of thorough archaeological studies. Only one object i.e. a graveyard in Podule colony in Łużyce, was examined by archaeologists and this state proves that the works have been hardly advanced. In the end of XIX century there was an active local cultural drcle in Sieradz province. This circle consisted of town intelligence and regional gentry. They were deeply interested in the history of their region and in remains and relics of primaeval epochs. Their activity (mainly of E. Stawiski from Podłężyce) caused the identification of many archaeological posts (places); the relics coming from thes posts were includsd in manorial collections. During the interwar period the commune region was penetrated by the research workers from Warsaw and Cracow. At that time in the years 1929-1930, Jan Dylik - well-known geographer and the expert of this region, examined mentioned above graveyard in Podule. But the results of these works were published only in the sixties. The eighties mark the essential development of knowledge about primaeval settlement and colonization of this region we are interested in. During that time nearly the whole area of commune was subjected to the superficial examinations (a sort of survey) which formed a part of AZP (Archeologiczne Zdjęcie Polski - Archaeological Picture of Poland). The main purpose of this undertaking is a full register of archaeological post in Poland. It was found, that there are one hundred and fifty archaeological posts in commune region. Although the data obtained during the Archaeological Picture of Poland is random, we can hope that chronological definitions included in this data allow for initial characteristic of colonial changes dynamics. In commune region only several posts from the stone age have been found. This shows, that in times of mezolit and neolit there were few settlements in this area. However, more than thirty posts can be connected with Łużyce culture, developing up from the third period of a bronze age to the early iron age (so called „halsztacki period”). In late-laten (125-0) and roman (0-375) times the population was big. It was connected with general colonial and demographic situation of this region (Sieradz province). In the fourth century came the general brake down, the first few early-mediaeval posts date from eighth, nineth centuries. From the tenth century the structure of colonization began to intensify and it lasted till the most historical moment-so that in the area of commune there were found about seventy posts with the early and late mediaeval cultural relics. Historians are mainly interested in the times from the half of thirteenth century when Sieradz province became the separate principality. Among the most interesting monuments which should be the object of archaeological researches the ruins of renaissance, brick and fortified mansion in Wola Wężykowa (formerly Wola Grabicka) should be mentioned. That was the fortified residence of the Wężyk house, which many members lived in Sieradz province (Widawa, Osiny, Siedlec). Summing up it should be stated, that the state of archaeological research works is not advanced enough. There are only few areas so scrupulously avoided by the archaeologists as the region of Sędziejowice commune.

2

O kaflach z Modliszewic czyli o piecach elity czasów wazowskich

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Kajzer L., Łódzkiego I. A. U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2010

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vol. 27

EN

The contents of the present paper are considerations concerning specicity of tiles and image (and possibilities of reconstruction) of stoves coming from the 1st half of the 17th century. The author begins with general observations using views of Maria D¹browska, and then comes to, published by the same author, stove of so-called Vasa castle in Warsaw. Next, he concentrates on discussing a stove from a manor-house in Modliszewice near Koñskie. This stove in white-navy blue colouring, was built at suggestion of Jan Lipski (†1641)in the 30’s of the 17th century. Subsequently, the author discusses other similar stoves from the 1st half of the 17th century, relics of which or only collections of tiles were found during archaeological excavations of castles and other residences in: Nowe Miasto on Warta, Lubawa, Ujazd, Piñczów and Brudzew near Turek. Most of these stoves were built as a result of foundation actions of narrowly understood social elite of the Vasa times, concretely late phases of the reign of Sigismund III (†1632) and the rule of Vladislav IV (1632 – 1648). The author submits a proposition that in the times of the rst ruler mostly white – navy blue stoves with green and yellow elements were built, and since the half of the 30’s of the 17th century only stoves with tiles with blue (navy blue) background and white relief. They represent typical of the early Baroque in Poland ornamentation. Probably therefore they should be treated as artifacts created in a circle of widely understood (in respect of time and space) court of Vladislav IV, or dened as “stoves of the Vasa times elite”.

3

Studia nad świeckim budownictwem obronnym województwa łęczyckiego w XIII-XVII wieku

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Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1980

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vol. 1

4

Folwark i stacja królewska w Brodni koło Sieradza

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Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1994

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vol. 18

EN

The paper discusses results of archaeological investigations conducted at Brodnia, Pęczniew commune, Sieradz province, in 1987, and financed by the Conservator of Monuments for the Province of Sieradz. The investigations are part of a broader research project the object of which is to study remains of late medieval and modern residential and defensive features of the Sieradz region. The village of Brodnia, located at the ford across the river Warta, at the road leading from Sieradz to Kalisz, has for long attracted historians because of the visits of King Władysław Jagiełło who in the years 1401-1435 stayed there 19 times and who held there courts of justice in curia, the highest court in Polar d where the verdicts were brought in by the King himself. The minutes of the court sessions held at Brodnia in 1404—1409 have survived, and the last king to visit the village was Casimir Jagiełło. Brodnia was first mentioned in written records in 1298. For the whole time it was a royal property and was part of the Sieradz district (starostwo) and later of the Szadek tenure. In the western part of the village, on the high bank of the Warta valley there was a farm complex, on the margin of which an earthen mound, over 3 m high, its base measuring 25 m in diamater and its truncated top, 9 m, has survived. In the earlier literature the mound was interpreted as a relic of a fortified residential feature. The object of the investigations was to study the stratigraphy of the mound and to establish its chronology as well as to determine the beginnings of the farm complex.

5

Wspomnienie pośmiertne. Andrzej Mikołajczyk (1948-1991)

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Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1994

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vol. 18

EN

Assistant Professor Andrzej Mikołajczyk, Director of the Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum in Łódź, died suddenly on 16th January, 1991. Throughout his adult, regretfully short life he was associated with the Department of Archaeology of Łódź University. However, this is not the only reason why his obituary appears in this journal. Andrzej Mikołajczyk studied archaeology under Professor Konrad Jażdżewski, being one of his last and most brilliant students. He graduated from Łódź University in 1970 and took his Ph. D. degree at the Department of Archaeology of this University in 1976. His thesis, Naczynia datowane skarbami monet XIV-XVIII w. na ziemiach polskich (Vessels dated by coin hoards o f the 14th-lSth centuries in Polish territories) was published m 1977. Following the retirement of Professor Jażdżewski in 1979, he was appointed (on Professor’s suggestion) Director of the Archaeological and Ethnographic Museum in Łódź, a post he held until his untimely death. Professor’s choice proved to be a wise one. Under Mikołajczyka direction the museum not only continued good traditions but also became one of the leading archaeological centres of the eighties in Poland. Andrzej Mikołajczyk found time not only for effective direction of the museum and for research but also for lecturing on basic problems of numismatics at the Department of Archaeology. In 1981 he qualified as assistant professor, his thesis being published in 1980 as Obieg pieniężny tv Polsce środkowej w wiekach od XVI do XVIII (Monetary circulation in Central Poland from the 16th to 18th century). This thesis has also established his position as the first numismatist in Poland to undertake studies of numismatics of modern times and of monetary circulation. These two problems became the main subjects of his research. Andrzej Mikotajczyk’s scholarly output is astonishing both on account of its volume and variety. He is the author of 10 books, 11 guides to museum exhibitions and of about 400 articles, a considerable part of which was published in congress languages or abroad (in the former Soviet Union, Great Britain, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Cuba and Hungary). Perhaps this is the reason for a certain paradox - he was better known and thought of more highly by west European numismatists than by the Polish ones, better known in the milieu of numismatists and historians than in that of archaeologists, and finally better known in Poland than in Łódź where he was primarily regarded as museum director. The museum and various scholarly activities did not exhaust his tremendous energy. At the close of the eighties he was elected to the Łódź City Council. As an outstanding personality he dealt successfully with the three speheres of activity. Owing to his wide interest and manifold duties his life was active, intensive, and - as time has proved it - too arduous. He was an exacting boss, demanding, however, more from himself than from his staff, a splendid organizer in the field of museology and scholarly life, always ready to help and to advise. For his friends he was good company and an intelligent causeur. He did not live long enough to attain full professorial rank or to see his various organizational and research projects brought to fruition. Yet his achievements are truly imposing, much more so than those of many a retired professor. The Łódź milieu of humanities has suffered a great loss: there died a remarkable man, a distinguished numismatist, archaeologist, economic historian, museologist, and organizer of scholarly life, deeply involved in the problematics of the cultural and scientific milieu of Łódź. His death left a gap in Polish and European Learning.

6

O budownictwie obronnym województwa łęczyckiego w późnym średniowieczu i czasach nowożytnych - w piętnaście lat później

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Kajzer L., Instytut Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 20

EN

The defensive architecture of the province of Łęczyca (an area located north of Łódź, measuring over 4000 km2 in size) in the Late Middle Ages and in modem times is considered. In 1980 the author published a book on this subject (vol. I in the series „Acta Universitatis Lodziensis”, Folia archaeologica), which contains a catalogue of 77 defensive features (castles, town walls, fortified manor-houses, etc.) and describes their character and principles on which they functioned. Now, after more than 15 years since the appearance of this book, the author reconsideres the problem, scrutinizing the results of recent archaeological field researches. His findings can be summed up as follows: 1. In recent years 31 features have been excavated on the rather small scale. Test excavations for the purpose of conservation, and sondages were dominant. 2. As far as the publication is concerned, the situation is highly unsatisfactory, and in most cases the reports on the researches have not been made public. 3. Though archaeological and archaeological-architectural studies became distincly more intensive, the findings that would invalidate the hypotheses formed in 1980 were limited in number. 4. Major discoveries include a long rectangular brick manor-house at Gaj near Łęczyca, erected on a mound at the close of the 16th or in the early 17th century, and surrounded by a moat, and relics of a hexagonal tower of bricks at Sobota near Łowicz. The tower should probably be dated to the second half of the 14th or to the first half of the 15th ccntury. 5. With regard to the state of knowledge of 1980, the chronology of the features in question had to be slightly altered. Though the title of the book of 1980 refers to the 13th-17th centuries, recent excavations have failed to reveal a feature unquestionably dated to the second half of the 13th century. The earliest fortified residences date from the turn of the 13th/14th centuries, and the latest, from the 18th century. Accordingly, it seems fairly certain that the custom of building manor-houses on mounds originated in the Łęczyca region somewhat later (about 1300) and lasted longer (to about 1800) than has been surmised so far.

7

Badania nad okresem późnego średniowiecza i nowożytności

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Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 19

8

Tadeusz Janusz Horbacz 1950-2002

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Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

|

2004

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vol. 24

9

Pałac w Sokolnikach w świetle nowszych badań

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Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1985

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vol. 7

10

Uwagi na marginesie pracy T. J. Horbacza i Z. Lechowicza

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Kajzer L., Uniwersytet Łódzki K. A.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1984

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vol. 5

11

Uwagi o budownictwie obronnym arcybiskupów gnieźnieńskich

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Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1983

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vol. 3

EN

The subject of the present paper are the remarks on the defending constructions of the Gniezno archbishops. Great properties consisting - at the break of the middle ages and modern times - of more than 300 villages and towns, as well as a significant role of the Gniezno archbishops in the Polish state, represented a sufficient basis enabling to build the defending constructions. In former literature the archiepiscopal castles were known only in Gniezno, Kamień Pomorski, Łowicz, Opatówek, Uniejów and in Źnin-Wenecja. The first five castles were erected by abp Jarosław Bogoria Skotnicki in the middle or 3rd quarter of 14th century, the latter was the knight's foundation bought by the archbishops in the 1st quarter of 15th century. There ie not satisfactory state of investigations of the archiepiscopal castles as far as both the source-research and the field archaeological and architectonical investigations are concerned. That is clearly illustrated by a situation of Skierniewice, where the archiepiscoDal palace still exists. It seems that the earlier archiepiscopal construction in Skierniewice was a castle erected in the middle of 15th century by «rchbishops Jan Sprowski on the isle surrounded by the moat. This castle, known from the incomplete archival data, was destroyed or rebuilt in the 1st half of 17th century. The Skierniewice example shows that the investigations of the archiepiscopal castles have not excesses - an inventory stage.The small and not existing presently defending constructions erected in the centers of particular demesnes are also forgotten. The paper concerns the formerly unknown manors in Kurzelów and Piątek. They (as well as the mentioned manors in Zychów, Łęgonice and Marchwacz) were small dwelling houses, sometimes a tower, accompanied by several household constructions, situated an the mounds and surrounded by meats. The essential function of. the archiepiscopal manors in question was, beyond any doubt, the dwelling purpose. They were inhabited by the administrators of properties, and periodically they played a role of the residence for archbishops travelling around the country. Besides the residential and administrative role the objects in question used to perform also the defending tasks, guarding the security of the inhabitants and material goods collected by the archibishops. The defending manors founded in the middle ages survived untill the 17th century, being frequently restored and rebuilt. It seems that here appears an urgent need to investigate - by means of archaeological methods - at least few defending archiepiscopal manors for the date enabling one to compare this kind of "rural defending seats" with the defending constructions erected by the secular feudals are missing. It seems moreover, that the investigations of the small archiepiscopal seats should be carried out in a close collaboration between the historian-expert in written sources and the field explorers-archaeologist and architect.

12

Zamek w Radziejowie w świetle badań terenowych 1987 roku

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Kajzer L., Łódzki U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1991

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vol. 12

EN

The subject of the present article is to present the results of research archaeological work in the castle of Radziejów in Kujawy (province of Włocławek) led by the team workers of Archaeological Institute of University of Łódź in 1987. Relics of Radziejów castle are not preserved at present. On the plan of the town caning from 1820 there are no buildings but only round, tumular, surrounded by a ditch, earthen moud which was localized in the eastern part of the town. Fairly detailed desaiptions of buildings of the castle come from the inspection of royal lands of Brzeád - Kujawy province in 1616, 1628-1632, 1767 and 1777. This year’s field studies were of veryfying character and were to answer the question: what is the stale of cultural layers and hidden under ground relics of castle buildings? Due to the complete building up of the area and since it was impossible to localize research excavations there only 3 sounding excavations of 2.0 x x 3.0 m size were marked out. Besides them 35 bore-holes by means of geological hand-chill were made. In 3 bore-holes the surrounding trough was recorded. The cultural layers of the middle part of court-yard was examined in the excavation no 1. The complete destrucion of levels of the castle related to the levelling of the ground in the first half of the XX century was observed in the excavation no 2; in the excavation no 3 almost 4 m high stratification of the approaches of the castle. In this excavation besides a quite large set of relics, 6 fragments of day vessels ornamented with Late- Gothic signs which should benrelated to traditions of Hussite movement which were vivid in Kujawy in the half of the XV century. The confrontation of results of field works with written sources allowed us to accept the following hypothesis reflecting the rhythm of development of Radziejów castle. The castle, at the beginning only periodycaly visited royal station, was founded probably on the turn of the XV century. In that phase it was not "a castle" but-rather "a manor-house" situated near the town. As late as the beginning of the XVI century in the time of Radziejów starosty held by a powerful family of Leszczyński, a stone tower and a wooden house of "registry" used for collecting court records and also other wooden buildings were constructed. At that time, most likey the moud was fonded and surrounded with a wooden fence. In the half of the XVII century Radziejów castle was burnt by the Swedish Soldiers and began to fall into decay. As early as the second half of the XVIII century it was ruined and the remains of walls of the castle were pulled down before 1820. This year’s archaeological investigations proved that the area occupied by the castle is to a great extent destroyed mostly due to the lowering of the mound on the turn of twenties and thirties of the XXth century and erecting new buildings. It was concluded that further investigations should be led by historians rather than archaeologists.

13

Pamięci Profesora Andrzeja Nadolskiego

100%

Kajzer L., Instytut Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 20

14

50 Years of Archaeology in the University of Łódź - Summary

100%

Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1996

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vol. 19

15

Ze studiów nad dworem w Poddębicach

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Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1982

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vol. 2

EN

The country manor at Poddębice (Sieradz Province) situated about 40 kms north-west of Łódź is considered to be one of the most interesting Renaissance and manneristic rural residences in Poland. The article, based on discovery of unknown archival materials concerning the manor, is an attempt at critical evaluation of previous theses as regards the founder of the manor and chronology of stages in its reconstruction. According to generally accepted view the manor was built between 161O- 1617 at the initiative of Zygmunt Grudziński, a voivode of Rawa District. In the second half of 17th century, it was assumed, took place a rebuilding of the manor in the course of which a loggia was covered with a wall, side gables were rebuilt and tower extended. In the first half of 13th century the Poddębice estate was to pass to the Zakrzewski family, who - it was supposed - in 1832 built a seven- sided chapel adjoining the main building. The manor was submitted to full reconstruction and expansion about 1873. In the light of the archival data from the period of 1690-1773 it appears that during this time there were not carried any bigger construction works in the manor. This information combined with a bad state of repair of the manor described in information from 1690 seems to undermine a thesis that the manor was rebuilt in the second half of 17th century.

16

Uwagi na marginesie badań zamku królewskiego w Radoszycach koło Końskich

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Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1989

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vol. 10

EN

In 1982 the castle in Radoszyce near Końskie, province of Kielce, was the subject of archeological and architectural investigations. The field-work resulted in an article (being published at the moment) devoted to the castle architecture and also in another paper (in press in our magazine no.9)dealing with the initial analysis of the movable material of relics. Whereas, the object of the present study consists of other problems resulted from investigations led in Radoszyce. The first one is related with treasure-lumber-room situated in the area of the old castle. This structure during initial examinations was said to have been erected on the turn of the XVI and X VIIth century i.e. in the period when Radoszyce became a centre of big starosty district. In spite of many significant modifications the architectural mass of this late Rennaissance castle is still readable and the treasury-lumber-room itself needs more detailed research. It is of great importance since stone treasury-lumber-rooms of the XVIth and XVIth centuries are a real rarity. The second problem stressed in this article is a description of a wooden well found in excavation no. X-XA. Dug in the second half of the XVII1th century and of shell construction it was burried on the turn of the XVIIIth and XIXth century. The third problem also resulting from the effects of studies in Radoszyce was mentioned here as well. This castle played a role of so called foreststation of the king Władysław Jagiełło (1386-1434), The monarch did not like capital Cracow and the whole period of his long ruling spent on travelling. There were established routes leading in Polish and Lithuanian territories whose "loops" started and ended in the favourite residence of Jagiełło i.e. in the castle of Nowe Miasto Korczyn» Radoszyce situated on the route of royal journeys was visited 15 times by the king during his reign Among other stations of Władysław Jagiełło the following places should be listed here: in Little Poland (Jedlnia, Niepołomice, Przyszów end Żuków), in Russia (Medyka, Gliniany , Dobrostany), In Great Poland (Brodnia and Przedbórz) lying in the border of Great Poland and Little Poland. The author analyses the knowledge about the studied buildings which have distinct residential but at the same time fortified features. He finally concludes that we know very little about them. He suggests that the better knowledge of Władysław Jagiełło's favourite castles and fortified manors the better comprehension of his ruling system.

17

Dwa inwentarze zamku w Besiekierach

100%

Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1983

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vol. 4

EN

In this article there are contained two inventories of the castle at Besiekiery near Łódź coming from 1704 and 1715. Their manuscripts are kept in the Chief Registry of Old Acts in Warsaw within a complex of relations of Juridicial Books from Łęczyca (Castrensia Lanciciensia relationes). The Blesiekiery Castle was an object of numerous field and interior surveys (see biographical notes 1—5 in this article). Both inventories included here aloing with a younger one coming from 1733 and published by the author in 1980 (see biographical note No. 5) provide a good basis for further studies on the castle's history. They describe the state of the object at the beginning of 18th century w h en following the Baroque remodelling of the castle by the starost of the district — Jan Szymon Szczawiński done in mid — 17th century a gradual decline of the ca stle began. Con se cu t iv e descriptions miss details of interior decoration and arms stored in the castle with a decreasing number of chambers being suitable for l iv in g purposes. In the second half of 18th century there was pulled down the second floor of „the big manor" and the final ruination of the ca stle began. Its largely depleted relicts hav e been preserved till today and they should become an object of the conservator’s work,

18

Z badań nad starszym założeniem obronnym w Ostromecku, woj. bydgoskie

100%

Kajzer L.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1983

|

vol. 4

EN

The manor-park complex at Ostromecko, in the province of Bydgoszcz, has been an object of interest for art and architecture historians for a long time. The list of scholars studying it includes among others: F. Schultz, J. Heise, M. Orłowicz, G. Tillmann, M. Rejmanowski, T. Mroczko, and1 B. Sadurska. The most important components of the complex preserved till today are: „the old palace", erected most probably in 18th century, and resembling in its today's stylistic shape the work of Saxonic architect — M. D. Pöppelmann, and „the new palace" built by the Schoenborn-Alveneleben family from 19th century perhaps according to K. Schinkel's design. A considerable portion of the literature of the subject mentions the presence of mediaeval „castrum" or another older brick building melted into the mass of „the old palace". This is among others confirmed by B. Sadurska, who found a short description of the Ostromecko state from 1714 testifying to the effect that in the palace mass there exist relics of the older manor. Ostromecko village appears in written sources already in 1222 and throughout the whole time, we are interested in, it was privately owned. Till the early 17th century it was a seat of the Ostromecki family (of the Pomian coat of arms), and next till the end of 17th century it was owned by the Dorpowski's (of the Junosza coat of arms). In the late 18th century or at the turn oif 16th and 19>th century following a serial changes of owners the estate was purchased by a rich grain merchant from Grudziądz — Jakub Schoenborn to become next in 19th century a seat of the Schoenborn-Alvensleben family. Insignificant relics of the older building indentified in the walls of "the old palace" could not provide sufficient material for reconstruction of the older building. A new attempt at ana ly sis , w as made possible by the inventory of the Ostromecko e state from 1718 discovered in the Chief Register of Old Acts in Warsaw in the complex of relations of Juridicial Books of Wieluń (Caistrensia Vielunensta relationes). It contains, an often quoted in this article, description of a three-story and two-tract brick manor-house erected on a quadrangular earth mound surrounded with a dike and a moat. The de fensiv e manor-house at Ostromecko was built probably in the second half of 16th or in , t h e first half of 17th century at the initiative^ of the Ostrameckis or the Dorpowskis. Despite the modern shape of the building s mass,surrounding it with a moat was connecting it with mediaeval traditions. At that time it was typical for knight seats to be located on earth mounds surrounded with dikes,moats etc. This mediaeval custom was preserved, in the light of the studies conducted by the authotr, at least till mid-17th century. The situation in which the axially and symmetrically designed building of the manox-estate iis surrounded by post-mediaeval retrenchments and not by a palace yard designed in a modern way is, however, typical for Pomerania as well as for the whole Poland in 16th and 17th centuries. Unfortunately, the absence of archeological studies hampers a more detailed analysis of surroundings of 16th— 17th century brick manors. The example of Ostromecko manor, discussed in this article, illustrates the need for performing comprehensive architectonic-archeological studies and not only studies restricted to the analysis of the preserved brick relics. Returning to the problem of Ostromecko w e are analyzing here it is worth mentioning that, in the light of the already completed studies, there are absent sufficient data confirming the thesis about the presence of the mediaeval "castrum". Tho information about an older de fensive object must have concerned the brick manor from 16th/l7th century surrounded with a fortified circle. This conclusion may be verified only by field studies.

19

Przedmowa

100%

Kajzer L., Łódzki U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

|

1996

|

vol. 19

XX

Wstęp do nr 19

20

Dwory obronne wieluńskiego w XIII-XVII wieku

100%

Kajzer L., Katedra Archeologii U. Ł.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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1984

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vol. 6

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Badania archeologiczne na terenie gminy Sędziejowice

O kaflach z Modliszewic czyli o piecach elity czasów wazowskich

Studia nad świeckim budownictwem obronnym województwa łęczyckiego w XIII-XVII wieku

Folwark i stacja królewska w Brodni koło Sieradza

Wspomnienie pośmiertne. Andrzej Mikołajczyk (1948-1991)

O budownictwie obronnym województwa łęczyckiego w późnym średniowieczu i czasach nowożytnych - w piętnaście lat później

Badania nad okresem późnego średniowiecza i nowożytności

Tadeusz Janusz Horbacz 1950-2002

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