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EN
The text concerns institutional solutions used by health-insurance funds to facilitate acommplishing patients’ rights and also revocatory procedures. Polish law includes wide range ar variouus rights belonging to everyone profiting of health care services. In most cases, patients are also entitled to complain. The problems arise on two main levels: both personal and institutional relations. That is why the authoress focuses on the range and nature of problems finally notified to the Bureau of Complaints at Łódź Regional Health-insurance Fund. The text presents analysis into complaints notified since 1999 to the beginning of 2003. The results rePresent wide range of problems of Łódź region health care system.
EN
Modern medicine is becoming more and more successful in the field of biomedical research, including clinical trials, and that is why a discussion concerning ethical, legal and social issues is necessary. The international perspective in this discussion plays an important role in this process, because dilemmas and expectations towards it are becoming more and more important and decisions which are taken have international range. The discussion which is going to fulfill these expectations was started by partners of 6th Framework Programme BIONET on Ethical Covernance of Biological and Biomedical Research: Chinese – European Co-operation. A wider perspective on this issue and specific standpoints of representatives from scientific circles from China and Europe presented in this article are just a part of a multinational debate on problems and dilemmas present in planning, managing and implementing biomedical and biological research. However opinions and statements presented here can prove the importance of these problems and their inevitability. While debating on challenges which the scientific circle has to face, both European and Chinese partners were trying to formulate standards in realization of projects and biomedical scientific research. It was widely discussed which conditions of planning, managing, implementing and conducting research should be fulfilled, in order that these scientific processes, which are realized within national and international range, would be conducted more effectively, safely and with respect for good standards of science and ethics.
PL
Problematyka artykułu osadzona została w obszarze rozważań dotyczących etycznych standardów badań międzynarodowych, realizowanych w ramach tzw. nauk o życiu. Jedną z cech tych badań stała się internacjonalizacja takich państw, jak Chiny lub Korea Południowa postrzeganych jako „centrum” nowo powstającej biotechnologii (emerging biotech). W wyniku intensyfikacji współpracy o charakterze międzynarodowym i międzykontynentalnym ujawniły się tendencje, których efektem jest stworzenie ujednoliconych wskazówek dla standardów etyki zunifikowanej, określanej mianem „etyki globalnej” (global bioethics). Analiza rekomendowanych dyrektyw i deklaracji oraz praktyka wykazały, że „globalna”, „zachodnia” lub „uniwersalna” bioetyka, narzucając „zachodnie” reguły etyczne państwom funkcjonującym w odmiennych realiach gospodarczych, kulturowych, historycznych, politycznych i religijnych, nie spełniła pokładanych w niej oczekiwań. W artykule scharakteryzowana została propozycja taktyki, której zastosowanie wydaje się współcześnie niezbędne, przy zmierzaniu się z etycznymi wy- zwaniami, pojawiającymi się w obszarze biotechnologicznej współpracy międzykontynentalnej. W szczególności istotna jest odpowiedź na pytanie, jak narodowe systemy etycznego zarządzenia badaniami (w ramach nauk o życiu) mogą poradzić sobie z coraz intensywniejszą globalną współpracą ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kooperacji europejsko-chińskiej.
EN
The purpose of the study, it has been mentioned in this article, was to describe the course and the range of public debate on some bioethical problems. The author presented the analysis of the articles and information, it had been published in public web portals and websites, in which the writers had referred specifically to the legislative proposals of in vitro fertilisation procedure, and to the Health Minister’s announcement of in vitro financing program from the public budget. The study includes the analysis of the statements of political and religious (Catholic) community’s representatives, medical and scientific experts and journalists. As a result of the study, five dimensions, which describe the course and range of the debate in the media sphere, has been presented.
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