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Stres zawodowy a ryzyko psychospołeczne w grupie dziennikarzy

100%
Najder A., Merecz-Kot D.
Medycyna Pracy
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2014
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vol. 65
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issue 1
85-97
EN
Background: Traumatic stress symptoms in journalists are well known but chronic occupational stress in this professional group is still to be elucidated. This study aimed at answering the following questions: (1) which of psychosocial risks (PRs) are most frequently reported as stressogenic in journalists, (2) are there any differences in exposure to PRs and their stressfulness between journalists and other professional groups, (3) what relationships occur between PR categories of stressfulness and their consequences for employees' functioning in the job, and (4) what is the risk of negative consequences of stress (health deterioration and worse job performance). Materials and Methods: The Psychosocial Risk Scale was used to investigate general and specific PRs at work and the stressfulness of particular PRs. A group of 211 journalists working in Polish newspapers, radio and TV editorial offices participated in the study. Results: The journalists experienced occupational stress at an average level, but at significantly lower than other professional groups. The study revealed the risk of health self-assessment deterioration, depending on specific risks (OR = 1.849, 95% CI: 1.068-3.203), risk of work organization dissatisfaction due to the impact of stress arising from the contextual job characteristics (OR = 1.942, 95% CI: 1.125-3.352) and dissatisfaction with relationships with coworkers due to the stressfulness of pathologies occurring in the workplace (OR = 2.012, 95% CI: 1.184-3.419). Conclusions: The study results evidence that occupational stress experienced by journalists determine the risk of health self-assessment, satisfaction with work organization and interpersonal relationships. The presented outcomes indicate that regardless of the experienced stress level it is necessary to assess the psychosocial risk because even an average level of stressfulness could be associated with the risk of adverse consequences for employees in terms of their job performance. Med Pr 2014;65(1):85–97
PL
Wstęp: Dziennikarstwo zostało dobrze poznane pod kątem objawów stresu traumatycznego występujących u osób pracujących w zawodzie, jednak niewiele wiadomo o chronicznym stresie zawodowym w tej grupie. Niniejszy artykuł jest odpowiedzią na deficyt danych dotyczących ryzyka psychospołecznego u dziennikarzy. Celem badania było uzyskanie odpowiedzi na pytania: które zagrożenia psychospołeczne (ZP) są wskazywane najczęściej jako stresogenne w zawodzie dziennikarza, czy istnieją różnice w zakresie narażenia na ZP i ich stresogenność między dziennikarzami a innymi grupami zawodowymi, jakie są związki między stresogennością ZP a ich skutkami oraz jakie jest ryzyko ujawnienia się negatywnych skutków (gorszego funkcjonowania zawodowego i stanu zdrowia) w wyniku doświadczania stresu. Materiał i metody: W badaniach wykorzystano Skalę Ryzyka Psychospołecznego przeznaczoną do badania występowania ogólnych i specyficznych stresorów zawodowych oraz poziomu ich stresogenności. Analiza objęła 211 dziennikarzy z polskich redakcji prasowych, radiowych i telewizyjnych. Wyniki: Dziennikarze doświadczają stresu zawodowego na poziomie przeciętnym, ale istotnie niższym niż inne grupy zawodowe. Stwierdzono ryzyko niższej samooceny stanu zdrowia w zależności od stresogenności specyficznych zagrożeń zawodowych (OR = 1,849, 95% CI: 1,068-3,203), ryzyko niezadowolenia z organizacji pracy na skutek stresu wynikającego z kontekstu pracy (OR = 1,942, 95% CI: 1,125-3,352) oraz mniejszego zadowolenia z relacji ze współpracownikami w wyniku stresu powodowanego patologiami w relacjach (OR = 2,012, 95% CI: 1,184-3,419). Wnioski: Wśród dziennikarzy doświadczanie stresu stanowi ryzyko dla zdrowia, wpływa na zadowolenie z organizacji pracy i relacje ze współpracownikami. Bez względu na poziom stresu w danej grupie pracowników, należy szacować ryzyko psychospołeczne, ponieważ nawet przeciętny poziom stresu może wiązać się z ryzykiem wystąpienia konsekwencji w różnych obszarach funkcjonowania. Med. Pr. 2014;65(1):85–97
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Endometriosis – The challenge for occupational life of diagnosed women: A review of quantitative studies

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Andysz A., Jacukowicz A., Merecz-Kot D., Najder A.
Medycyna Pracy
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2018
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vol. 69
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issue 6
663-671
EN
The aim of the article was to summarize the results offered in the research on occupational functioning of women with endometriosis. We followed PRISMA guidelines. Database search was done in November 2017 using EBSCO. In the review were included the articles clearly referring to the relationships between endometriosis and work or any aspect of work (e.g., work productivity, work ability, absenteeism). Eight papers were included in the final review. Seven studies were cross-sectional, 1 retrospective. The majority of researchers used standardized research measures, such as Work Ability Index, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire or Health Related Productivity Questionnaire. Only in 2 studies the reference group was considered, one of them consisted of healthy women. The results clearly indicate that endometriosis is a disease that causes major disturbance in occupational functioning of the suffering women. In the future the researchers should search for individual and organizational correlates of the improvement of occupational functioning in this group of patients. The methodology of the existing studies has been evaluated and the methodological cues for future research has been given. Med Pr 2018;69(6):663–671
3
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Organizacyjne i indywidualne uwarunkowania korzystania z rozwiązań sprzyjających równoważeniu życia zawodowego i prywatnego

81%
Andysz A., Najder A., Merecz-Kot D.
Medycyna Pracy
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2014
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vol. 65
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issue 1
119-129
EN
Appropriate distribution of time and energy between work and personal life poses a challenge to many working people. Unfortunately, many professionally active people experience work-family conflict. In order to minimize it, employees are offered various solutions aimed at reconciling professional and private spheres (work-life balance (WLB) initiatives). The authors attempt to answer what makes employees use WLB initiatives and what influences the decision to reject the available options. The review is based on the articles published after 2000, searched by Google Scholar and Web of Knowledge with use of the key words: work-life balance, work-family conflict, work-life balance initiatives, work-life balance initiatives use, use of WLB solutions. We focused on organizational and individual determinants of WLB initiatives use, such as organizational culture, stereotypes and values prevailing in the work environment that may result in stigmatization of workers - flexibility stigma. We discuss the reasons why supervisors and co-workers stigmatize their colleagues, and what are the consequences of experiencing such stigmatization. Among the individual determinants of WLB initiatives use, we have inter alia focused on the preference for integration vs. separation of the spheres of life. The presented material shows that social factors - cultural norms prevailing in a society, relationships in the workplace and individual factors, such as the level of self-control - are of equal importance for decisions of using WLB initiatives as their existence. Our conclusion is that little attention has been paid to the research on determinants of WLB initiatives use, especially to individual ones. Med Pr 2014;65(1):119–129
PL
Wyzwaniem, z jakim na co dzień mierzy się większość pracujących, jest konieczność odpowiedniego dzielenia czasu i energii między obowiązki zawodowe a życie prywatne. Wiele osób aktywnych zawodowo doświadcza konfliktu między tymi dwiema sferami życia. W celu jego minimalizowania pracownikom proponowane są rozwiązania, które mają sprzyjać osiąganiu równowagi praca-życie (work-life balance - WLB). Artykuł jest próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie, co sprawia, że pracownicy korzystają z proponowanych rozwiązań lub rezygnują z dostępnych możliwości. Autorki skoncentrowały się na wybranych organizacyjnych i indywidualnych uwarunkowaniach wykorzystywania rozwiązań WLB. Przegląd opracowano na podstawie artykułów opublikowanych po 2000 r. wyszukanych w Google Scholar oraz Web of Knowledge z wykorzystaniem słów kluczowych: work-life balance, work-family conflict, work-life balance initiatives, work-life balance initiatives use, korzystanie z rozwiązań WLB. Wśród czynników organizacyjnych omówiono m.in. wpływ kultury organizacyjnej oraz stereotypów i wartości panujących w środowisku pracy, których efektem jest stygmatyzacja osób korzystających z WLB, tzw. flexibility stigma. Omówione zostały przyczyny jej stosowania przez kierownictwo i współpracowników, a także skutki doświadczania jej przez osoby pracujące. Wśród uwarunkowań indywidualnych omówiono m.in. preferencję integrowania vs oddzielania od siebie sfer życia. Z przedstawionego materiału wynika, że normy panujące w danym społeczeństwie, relacje w miejscu pracy oraz uwarunkowania indywidualne, np. poziom posiadanej samokontroli, odgrywają nie mniejszą rolę w decyzjach o korzystaniu z rozwiązań równoważących sfery życia niż samo ich istnienie. Przegląd publikacji pokazuje, że uwarunkowaniom korzystania z rozwiązań WLB, zwłaszcza tym indywidualnym, poświęca się bardzo mało uwagi. Med. Pr. 2014;65(1):119–129
4
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Relationships between occupational functioning and stress among radio journalists – Assessment by means of the psychosocial risk scale

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Najder A., Merecz-Kot D., Wójcik A.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2015
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vol. 29
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issue 1
85-100
EN
Objectives Job characteristics and the consequences of everyday stress among radio journalists who are not exposed to traumatic events have not been studied sufficiently before. We aimed at determining the most common job characteristics and their stressfulness; relationships between stress exposure, health and occupational functioning; differences between radio journalists and other journalists, and also the psychosocial risk for health and functioning in this group. Material and Methods The studied group involved 208 journalists, 134 of whom worked in radio stations. The respondents filled in the Psychosocial Risks Scale (PRS) developed by the Department of Health and Work Psychology of the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland. Results Requirement of mental effort and readiness to response quickly for most of the time as well as limited possibilities for promotion were the most frequent journalists’ complaints. We confirmed that higher levels of stress resulted in worse functioning – the radio journalists who experienced lower stress assessed their health status and ability to work better, were more satisfied with particular aspects of their work, and were more involved in their work. They also presented a significantly lower turnover intention. Moreover, the radio journalists were more involved in their work than other journalists, but experienced lower satisfaction, took more sick leaves and had more days of absence. Conclusions Well-known relationships between stress level, satisfaction and occupational functioning were confirmed. The most important conclusion refers to the fact that psychosocial risks and stress analysis should be based on the understanding of specificity of each occupation or even position. It is so, because the same job characteristic may pose a challenge for one person, while for another – it can result in extreme discomfort and anxiety – such an attitude broadens understanding of the phenomenon. We also confirmed that the PRS is a well-designed method, appropriate to investigate an individual perception of job environment and its stressfulness. Future research on causal relationships between the variables is recommended.
5
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The relationship between psychosocial risks and occupational functioning among miners

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Mościcka-Teske A., Sadłowska-Wrzesińska J., Najder A., Butlewski M.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2018
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vol. 32
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issue 1
87-98
EN
Objectives This paper presents the results of research on the scale of psychosocial risks among miners. A comparative analysis was made, comparing the research results with the data obtained from workers in the following industries: metal, energy, chemical and construction – along with an indication of the relationship between stressful working conditions and the occupational functioning of the respondents. Material and Methods The study involved 483 adults employed in mines in Poland. The study on psychosocial risks in the workplace was performed using Psychosocial Risk Scale, developed by the Department of Health and Work Psychology of the Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland. Psychosocial Risk Scale is the scientifically validated diagnostic tool and is characterized by high reliability and validity of coefficients. Results The analysis of differences in occupational functioning between miners and other workers in heavy industry provides that miners are in general more healthy, less stressed, more positive emotionally and normatively committed to work, more satisfied with work, and more stable in the employment (as opposite to turnover intention) than the other workers. The results suggest that miners with a lower level of stress functioned at work better – they evaluated their health and ability to work better than miners with a higher level of stress. Their intention to change a job was lower than among those experiencing more stress. The most pronounced effect was observed for the influence on this dimension of functioning by job context risks (the higher level of probability, and the higher t-test value). Conclusions Occupational functioning of miners in Poland is better than the other employees in heavy industry. The analysis of differences in occupational functioning dimensions provides that a lower level of psychosocial risk in a workplace is connected with a higher level of job satisfaction, positive affective and normative work commitment and a lower level of turnover intension. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2019;32(1):87–98
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