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1
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Od konwencjonalizmu do normatywizmu. Kilka uwag o ewolucji poglądów teoretycznoliterackich

100%
Drong L.
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
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2006
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issue 12
EN
Leszek Drong From Conventionalism to Normativism: A Few Remarks on the Evolution of Stanley Fish's Critical Position. The essay argues for an evolutionary development of Stanley Fish's views on interpretation depsite what may seem like a surprising volte-face which many critics date back to his Professional Correctness published in 1995. Fish's early constructionism is gradually moderated in his writings by the introduction of the category of interpretive com­munities; his insistence on the rhetorical underpinning of all our verbal activity acquires a new dimension once we realise that the rhetoricity of public discourse is curbed by social/communal considerations which markedly restrict our ostensibly unfettered freedom of expression and opinion. Ultimately, Fish argues that in every situation some incontrovertible assumptions and principles are at work (including the assumption of an intention, which makes our utterances intelligible) even though in a different situation we may be capable of questioning and relativizing them. The point of the essay "From Conventionalism to Normativism" is thus to indicate the evolutionary emergence of normative categories in Fish's critical vocabulary, which has contained the seeds of his current position even in his most radical attacks on formalism and essentialism in the 1970s and 1980s.
PL
Leszek Drong From Conventionalism to Normativism: A Few Remarks on the Evolution of Stanley Fish's Critical Position. The essay argues for an evolutionary development of Stanley Fish's views on interpretation depsite what may seem like a surprising volte-face which many critics date back to his Professional Correctness published in 1995. Fish's early constructionism is gradually moderated in his writings by the introduction of the category of interpretive com­munities; his insistence on the rhetorical underpinning of all our verbal activity acquires a new dimension once we realise that the rhetoricity of public discourse is curbed by social/communal considerations which markedly restrict our ostensibly unfettered freedom of expression and opinion. Ultimately, Fish argues that in every situation some incontrovertible assumptions and principles are at work (including the assumption of an intention, which makes our utterances intelligible) even though in a different situation we may be capable of questioning and relativizing them. The point of the essay "From Conventionalism to Normativism" is thus to indicate the evolutionary emergence of normative categories in Fish's critical vocabulary, which has contained the seeds of his current position even in his most radical attacks on formalism and essentialism in the 1970s and 1980s.
2
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Post-Traumatic Realism: Representations of History in Recent Irish Novels

100%
Drong L.
Colloquia Humanistica
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2013
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issue 2
EN
Post-Traumatic Realism: Representations of History in Recent Irish NovelsThe aim of my essay is to describe major tendencies in contemporary Irish prose writing concerned with historical and political issues. The diversity of the themes and attitudes to the past necessitates a classification of the writings into several various groups of novels whereas my analysis of the modes of representing the intratextual universe paves the way for identifying a single literary convention (post-traumatic realism) which is typical of the works under discussion. Many of the quoted authors subscribe to historical revisionism which undermines the received historical narrative in Ireland and questions its aggressively nationalist model of patriotism. The novels by Sebastian Barry, Robert McLiam Wilson, Edna O’Brien or Julia O’Faolain, to name just a few, contest that model by demonstrating that it leads to violence, cultural stagnation and petrifying political divisions both in the Republic of Ireland and in Northern Ireland. In the age of the epistemological levelling of historiographic discourse and literary fiction the novels discussed in the essay meaningfully contribute to the debate over the Irish nation’s attitude to their own history and the need to conclude the painful chapters of the past connected with the Civil War as well as with the social and religious conflicts of the twentieth century. Realizm posttraumatyczny. Sposoby przedstawiania historii we współczesnych powieściach irlandzkich Celem niniejszego artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie głównych tendencji we współczesnej prozie irlandzkiej podejmującej tematykę historyczną i polityczną. Różnorodność tematów i postaw wobec przeszłości zmusza do wyodrębnienia co najmniej kilku odmiennych grup powieści, natomiast analiza sposobów prezentacji universum wewnątrztekstowego pozwala pokusić się o określenie jednej typowej konwencji literackiej, jaką w przypadku omawianych utworów jest realizm posttraumatyczny. Wielu z przytaczanych autorów wpisuje się także w nurt rewizjonizmu historycznego, który podważa zastaną narrację historyczną i obiegowy, nacechowany agresywnym nacjonalizmem model patriotyzmu. Powieści Sebastiana Barry’ego, Roberta McLiama Wilsona, Edny O’Brien czy Julii O’Faolain kontestują ów model, ukazując, że prowadzi on do przemocy, utrwalania podziałów politycznych i stagnacji kulturowej zarówno w Republice Irlandii, jak i w Irlandii Północnej. W dobie epistemologicznego równouprawnienia dyskursu historiograficznego i fikcji literackiej omawiane w artykule powieści konstruktywnie wpisują się w dyskusję nad stosunkiem narodu irlandzkiego do swojej historii, nad koniecznością zamknięcia raz na zawsze bolesnych rozdziałów związanych z wojną domową początku lat dwudziestych XX wieku i konfliktami na tle społecznym oraz religijnym.
3
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Borderland Anxieties: Brexit, Upper Silesia and Irish Partitions in Recent Novels by Glenn Patterson and Szczepan Twardoch

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Drong L.
Porównania
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2021
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vol. 30
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issue 3
209-227
PL
Irlandia Północna zawdzięcza swoje istnienie podziałowi wyspy Irlandii, którego dokonano 100 lat temu. Najtrudniejsze do rozwiązania problemy związane z niedawnym „rozwodem” między Unią Europejską a Zjednoczonym Królestwem sięgają nie tylko podpisanego w 1998 roku porozumienia z Belfastu (tzw. porozumienia wielkopiątkowego), ale również ustanowienia granicy na wyspie Irlandii w 1922 roku oraz ukonstytuowania się obszarów przygranicznych. W tym samym 1922 roku pojawiła się granica dzieląca na pół Górny Śląsk – na część polską i niemiecką. Została wprowadzona na mocy decyzji politycznych podjętych w 1921 roku. Poniższy esej skupia się na literackich przedstawieniach kryzysów i lęków związanych z transformacjami geopolitycznymi dwóch regionów określanych często jako prowincje – Górnego Śląska i Irlandii Północnej – oraz na wybranych zbieżnościach historycznych, politycznych i kulturowych. Przykładem, a zarazem ilustracją takich lęków są postaci występujące w powieściach: Glenna Pattersona pt. Where Are We Now? (Gdzie teraz jesteśmy?) i Szczepana Twardocha pt. Pokora. Obie powieści zachęcają do „prowincjonalnej lektury”, w której na plan pierwszy wysuwają się kategorie wykorzenienia, wysiedlenia, przemieszczenia, deterytorializacji oraz kryzysu tożsamości, które to kategorie zbiorczo określam jako lęki graniczne. Transnarodowe i postnarodowe optyki, jakie ujawniają się w lekturze powieści Pattersona i Twardocha, można uznać za wbudowany w tekst literacki prewencyjny zabieg lub też przestrogę przed współczesnymi kryzysami geopolitycznymi nękającymi Stary Kontynent.
EN
Northern Ireland owes its existence to a partition of Ireland that took place a century ago. The knottiest problems involved in the UK’s recent divorce with the European Union can be traced back not only to the Belfast Agreement of 1998 but also to the establishment of a new border, and a new borderland, in the island of Ireland in 1922. The same year (1922) saw the coming into effect of a partition of Upper Silesia, which was triggered by the events and political decisions taken in 1921. The primary focus of this essay is on literary representations of crises and anxieties connected with the transformations of the geopolitical statuses of the two provinces (i.e. Northern Ireland and Upper Silesia) and selected historical, political and cultural parallels between them. Those anxieties are exemplified and illustrated by the leading characters of Glenn Patterson’s Where Are We Now? (2020) and Szczepan Twardoch’s Pokora (2020). Both novels yield to provincial readings that explore basic aporias of uprootedness, displacement, deterritorialization and identity crises, collectively identified here as borderland anxieties. In consequence, transnational and postnational perspectives that emerge from Patterson’s and Twardoch’s works count as proactive responses, encoded in literary texts, to current geopolitical crises in Europe.
4
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Zaskakująco poprawny profesjonalista

100%
Drong L.
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
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2003
|
issue 6
EN
Leszek Drong's review of "Professional Correctness: Literary Studies and Political Change," by Stanley Fish (1999).
5
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Maciora czy macocha: postkolonialne dylematy Flanna O'Briena

100%
Drong L.
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
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2004
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issue 8
EN
Leszek Drong The Sow or the Stepmother: Flann O'Brien's Postcolonial Dilemmas The essay focuses on the literary and non-literary works by Flann O'Brien (born Brian O'Nolan) explored against the background of Irish history, politics and culture in the aftermath of Ireland's emancipation from Britain in 1921. O'Brien's fiction, as well as his satirical columns contributed to The Irish Times, raise some key postcolo­nial issues, most notably the role of the Irish language and the prospects of its revival in the Irish Free State. The choice of the continued use of English as the basic means of communication, though apparently politically incor­rect, appears to be a necessary evil in a society estranged from its native tongue through centuries of British dominion. O'Brien's writings urge a compromise between two radically polarised positions which emerged in the inter-war period in Ireland: on the one hand, O'Brien appreciates Irish tradition and the Gaelic language; on the other, the progress and well-being of the whole nation necessitate a more pragmatic approach to the postcolonial "burden" (language, tradition, customs, institutions) left behind by the British.
PL
Leszek Drong The Sow or the Stepmother: Flann O'Brien's Postcolonial Dilemmas The essay focuses on the literary and non-literary works by Flann O'Brien (born Brian O'Nolan) explored against the background of Irish history, politics and culture in the aftermath of Ireland's emancipation from Britain in 1921. O'Brien's fiction, as well as his satirical columns contributed to The Irish Times, raise some key postcolo­nial issues, most notably the role of the Irish language and the prospects of its revival in the Irish Free State. The choice of the continued use of English as the basic means of communication, though apparently politically incor­rect, appears to be a necessary evil in a society estranged from its native tongue through centuries of British dominion. O'Brien's writings urge a compromise between two radically polarised positions which emerged in the inter-war period in Ireland: on the one hand, O'Brien appreciates Irish tradition and the Gaelic language; on the other, the progress and well-being of the whole nation necessitate a more pragmatic approach to the postcolonial "burden" (language, tradition, customs, institutions) left behind by the British.
6
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Czarno-zielone czasoprzestrzenie wyobrażone

100%
Drong L.
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
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2018
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issue 38
EN
A review of the 2016 monograph by Karolina Pospiszil Swojskość i utrata. Obrazy Górnego Śląska w literaturze polskiej i czeskiej po 1989 roku [The Familiar and the Loss. The Images of Upper Silesia in Polish and Czech Literatures after 1989] concentrating upon the properties of the Auther's work, which decide about its interdisciplinary character and testify to her solid grounding in the research methodology (geocriticism), while allowing her to retain a unique poetics, adequate to the historical conditioning and the history of the described region.
PL
Recenzja wydanej w 2016 roku monografii Karoliny Pospiszil pt. Swojskość i utrata. Obrazy Górnego Śląska w literaturze polskiej i czeskiej po 1989 roku koncentruje się na walorach pracy, które stanowią o jej interdyscyplinarnym charakterze i solidnym ugruntowaniu w metodologii badawczej (geokrytyka), a jednoczesnie pozwalają zachować odrębną poetykę adekwatną do historii i kultury opisywanego regionu.
7
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Jestem (tylko) słabym amerykańskim antyfundacjonalistą (ze Stanleyem Fishem rozmawia Leszek Drong)

63%
Fish S., Drong L.
ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura
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2004
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issue 9
EN
Stanley Fish, I Am (Just) a Weak American Antifoundationalist (Leszek Drong talks to Stanley Fish) In an interview with Stanley Fish Leszek Drong discusses his inspiration by French intellectuals and the development of his philosophical views.
PL
Stanley Fish, I Am (Just) a Weak American Antifoundationalist (Leszek Drong talks to Stanley Fish) In an interview with Stanley Fish Leszek Drong discusses his inspiration by French intellectuals and the development of his philosophical views.
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