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EN
Alegata, also known as appendices of marital contracts, are rarely used in genealogical studies. This article discusses this kind of sources exemplified by contracts made in the civil registry in Łowicz. In 1808-1815 three such registries operated in the town: two of them connected with the local parishes and one connected with town council. The Napoleonic Code introduced the obligation to prove that marriage could be legally sanctioned. Therefore, the interested parties had to be in possession of: I. Birth certificate II. Verification of birth certificate III. Other certificates that verify the fulfillment of legal obligations connected with marriage. The last part of the article is devoted to methods of data archiving in relation with marriage certificates made in hunting civil registries in Łowicz. An analysis of archiving of such documents fosters a better understanding of these phenomena and helps to make use of the sources in genealogical queries
DE
Alegata , auch als Anhänge zu Heiratsurkunden bezeichnet, werden selten für Zwecke der genealogischen Forschung genutzt. In meinem Beitrag habe ich diese Quellenart am Beispiel von den Akten beschrieben, die bei den Geschäftsstellen der Standesämter in Lowitsch eingegangen sind. In den Jahren 1808-1815 waren in der Stadt drei Standesämter tätig: zwei bei den Lowitscher Pfarreien und ein bei dem örtlichen Stadtamt. Die Pflicht dazu, das Fehlen von Ehehindernissen vor den Standesbeamten zu beweisen, wurde durch den Code civil eingeführt. Zu diesem Zweck mussten die Nupturienten die Dokumente vorlegen, die zu einem der drei Typen gehörten: I. Akte, die die Umstände der Geburt belegten. II. Aufzeichnung nach Kenntnis. III. Andere Akte, die den Standesbeamten vorgelegt wurden und die Erfüllung der Verpflichtungen im Rahmen der Eheschließung bestätigten. Den letzten Teil des Beitrags habe ich den von den Lowitscher Standesbeamten angewendeten Archivierungsarten der Beweise zu Heiratsurkunden gewidmet. Die Archivanalyse der Alegata ermöglicht ein besseres Verständnis dieses Phänomens und erleichtert die Verwendung dieser Quellen in den genealogischen Anfragen
FR
Les addendas, autrement dit les annexes des actes de mariage, ne sont pas fréquemment utilisés dans la recherche généalogique. Dans l‘article j’ai discuté ce type de source sur l’exemple des actes que l’État Civil à Łowicz reçoit. Dans les années 1808-1815 dans la ville il se trouvait trois états civils : deux fonctionnaient près les paroisses de Łowicz et un près le conseil municipal. L’obligation de prouver le manque des contre-indications pour conclure le mariage devant les fonctionnaires d’état civil était introduite par le Code de Napoléon. Pour ce but, les fiancés devraient présenter un de ces types des documents: I. Les actes prouvant les circonstances de la naissance II. Les actes du savoir III. Les autres actes présentés aux fonctionnaires d’état civil prouvant le remplissage des obligations liées avec la conclusion de mariage. J’ai consacré la dernière partie de cet article aux méthodes d’archiver les preuves jointes aux actes de mariage appliquées par les fonctionnaires d’état civil à Łowicz. L’analyse archivistique des biens permet de mieux comprendre ce phénomène et facilite leur exploitation dans les requêtes généalogiques
RU
Приложения к свидетельству о браке редко используются для генеалогических исследований. В статье я уже описал этот тип источников на примере актов, поступающих в канцелярию управления гражданского состояния в Ловиче. С 1808-1815 в городе работали три управления гражданского состояния: два действовали при приходах и один - при администрации города. Согласно введённому Кодексу Наполеона, молодожёны были обязаны предъявить работникам ЗАГСа доказательства того, что никаких препятствий для вступления их в брак нет. С этой целью они должны были предоставить документы, принадлежащие к одному из трех типов: I. Документы, подтверждающие обстоятельтва рождения II. Документы, подтверждающие факт рождения. III. Другие документы, представляемые должностным лицам управления гражданского состояния в качестве дополнения к обязанностям, связанных со вступлением в брак. Последнюю часть статьи я посвятил на архивацию свидетельств о браке, применяемую должностными лицами управления гражданского состояния. Такой анализ приложений позволяет лучше понять это явление и облегчает использование этих источников в генеалогических поисках
EN
In a brief introduction, the author considers the tradition o f garden art in Łowicz, a town which from the fourteenth century was the capital o f a dominium o f the archbishops of Gniezno and the primates o f Poland. The garden o f the Archbishop, closely connected with the functions o f the local castle, was the first premise o f its type in Łowicz. A further part o f the article considers another example of patronage which developed in Łowicz at the beginning of the 1820s, and was associated with General Stanisław Klicki. In his capacity as the commander o f troops stationing in Łowicz, a post he held due to decisions passed by the Seym o f the Congress Kingdom, General Klicki founded a landscape park linked with his residence (1 8 2 1 -1 8 2 4 ); nonetheless, already initial plans foresaw that the park was to be opened also for the public. After the death o f General Klicki (1 8 4 7 ), the garden slowly deteriorated. It continued to function up to the 1870s, and was ultimately liquidated as a result o f the industrialisation o f the 1880s. Extant remnants o f the park-garden premises comprise a rare but a little known example o f garden art in a provincial town.
EN
In 2011, an archaeological supervision was carried out in the town of Łowicz, related to construction works. In the course of works, a small number of artefacts was found, dated to the late Middle Ages and the early modern period. The most interesting find is a group of 9 temple rings deposited in the excavation unit no. III, upon which organic remains of textile products were found. The discovered decorative artefacts are temple rings representing the type III according to the classification by K. Musianowicz or the variant B according to the classification by H. Kóčkę-Krenz. The textile remains have been preserved in residual form on six out of nine temple rings. These are small fragments of threads and remains of mineralized fibres. On four artefacts, both thread and fibre parts were visible. All thread fragments were produced of plant fibre, most probably, the universally employed linen. The threads are Z-twisted, the twist being very weak. The state of preservation of other fibres surviving on the surface of the temple rings was too poor to enable detailed technological analyses. The described temple rings were most probably originally deposited in a grave that was destroyed in unknown circumstances. It can be stated that the textile evidence does not differ from other finds of this type from the discussed period.
PL
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EN
The article is a polemic with Jacek Perzyński’s book Secrets of Łowicz and Skierniewice. The author of the book, contrary to the title, does not present the secrets of Łowicz and Skierniewice. Out of 34 articles in the book, 12 are about Łowicz and only 10 about Skierniewice. The other articles describe interesting facts from the surrounding area. When preparing the book, the author mainly used studies and popular science texts written by local researchers. He used historical sources occasionally, therefore mistakes and errors appear in the book. The book is written in good language, but its layout is chaotic.
PL
Artykuł jest polemiką z książką Jacka Perzyńskiego pt. Sekrety Łowicza i Skierniewic. Autor książki, wbrew tytułowi, nie przedstawia tylko sekretów Łowicza i Skierniewic. Na 34 artykuły zamieszczone w pracy J. Perzyńskiego Łowicza dotyczy 12 tekstów, Skierniewic zaś 10. Pozostałe artykuły opisują ciekawostki z okolicznych miejscowości. Autor korzystał głównie z opracowań i popularnonaukowych tekstów lokalnych badaczy. Ponieważ sporadycznie zaglądał do źródeł historycznych, w pracy pojawiają się przeinaczenia tekstów pierwotnych i błędy. Praca napisana jest dobrym językiem, ale jej układ koncepcyjny jest chaotyczny.
EN
Primate A. I. Komorowski wanted his body to be laid in Łowicz and his entrails in Skierniewice. During the anthropological analysis of the skeleton, lesions and marks after the tissue removal were noticed. These observations were confirmed by written documents and iconographical sources. Combined, they formed the basis for the reconstruction of the Primate's face. The extraction of internal organs became the basis for tracing thanatological practices in Poland
PL
Prymas A. I. Komorowski chciał, aby jego ciało zostało złożone w Łowiczu, a wnętrzności w Skierniewicach. Podczas analizy antropologicznej szkieletu zaobserwowano zmiany chorobowe oraz ślady po usunięciu tkanek miękkich. Obserwacje te znajdują potwierdzenie w źródłach pisanych i ikonograficznych; stały się też podstawą do rekonstrukcji twarzy prymasa. Ekstrakcja narządów wewnętrznych stała się podstawą do prześledzenia praktyk tanatopraktycznych w Polsce.
EN
The article pertains to the reports from the office of Henryk Mackrott, an officer of secret police of the Kingdom of Poland, concerning the fair in Łowicz in 1821–1830. The reports are preserved in the fonds of Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw, in the collection ‘Secret police of Grand Duke Constantin’. The collection comprises surveillance documents from three offices: baron Sass, Mateusz Schley and Henryk Mackrott. The most numerous group of documents are those from Mackrott’s office, which was in charge of surveillance of Warsaw communities. Reports include also information about events in other towns in the Kingdom of Poland, including Łowicz. They were produced during the annual St. Matthew fair (21 September). It was the only event among those observed by Mackrott, for which reports were produced regularly for the period of ten years (1821–1830). There are over 70 reports pertaining to the Łowicz fair. Based on those, issues related to infiltration and surveillance of the society in 1820s were presented
PL
Artykuł poświęcony jest raportom biura Henryka Mackrotta, urzędnika policji tajnej w Królestwie Polskim, dotyczącym jarmarku w Łowiczu, sporządzanych w latach 1821–1830. Raporty te znajdują się w zasobie Archiwum Głównego Akt Dawnych w Warszawie, w zespole Policja tajna wielkiego księcia Konstantego. W skład tego zespołu wchodzą dokumenty o charakterze inwigilacyjnym pochodzące z trzech kancelarii: barona Sassa, Mateusza Schleya i Henryka Mackrotta. Najliczniejszą grupę stanowią akta z biura Mackrotta, który zajmował się inwigilacją środowisk warszawskich. Wśród raportów znajdują się też donosy poświęcone wydarzeniom z innych miejscowości Królestwa Polskiego, w tym z Łowicza. Sporządzano je w czasie trwania corocznego jarmarku na św. Mateusza (21 września). Było to jedyne wydarzenie spośród objętych obserwacją Mackrotta, z którego sukcesywnie przez 10 lat (1821–1830) sporządzano donosy. W materiałach znajduje się ponad 70 raportów dotyczących jarmarku w Łowiczu. Na ich podstawie przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z inwigilacją społeczeństwa w latach 20. XIX w.
EN
The article pertains to the reports from the office of Henryk Mackrott, an officer of secret police of the Kingdom of Poland, concerning the fair in Łowicz in 1821–1830. The reports are preserved in the fonds of Central Archives of Historical Records in Warsaw, in the collection ‘Secret police of Grand Duke Constantin’. The collection comprises surveillance documents from three offices: baron Sass, Mateusz Schley and Henryk Mackrott. The most numerous group of documents are those from Mackrott’s office, which was in charge of surveillance of Warsaw communities. Reports include also information about events in other towns in the Kingdom of Poland, including Łowicz. They were produced during the annual St. Matthew fair (21 September). It was the only event among those observed by Mackrott, for which reports were produced regularly for the period of ten years (1821–1830). There are over 70 reports pertaining to the Łowicz fair. Based on those, issues related to infiltration and surveillance of the society in 1820s were presented
EN
The grave of Bonawentura Kuźniczow, a Polish soldier who died in 1829, was found in one of the crypts in the cathedral in Łowicz. The preserved grave equipment can contribute to studies on the uniforms of the Polish Army uniforms during the Congress Kingdom of Poland. The reason why the soldier was buried in the collegiate church remains unknown. However, the conducted query contributed to the reconstruction of the Kuźniczów family tree. (tłum. Mariusz Górniak).
PL
Grób Bonawentury Kuźniczowa, zmarłego w 1829 r. żołnierza Wojska Polskiego, został znaleziony w jednej z krypt katedry w Łowiczu. Zachowane wyposażenie grobu może uzupełnić studia nad umundurowaniem Wojska Polskiego okresu Królestwa Kongresowego. Powód, dla którego żołnierz został pochowany w ówczesnej kolegiacie, pozostaje nieznany. Przeprowadzona kwerenda stała się jednak przyczynkiem do odtworzenia drzewa genealogicznego rodziny Kuźniczowów.
EN
During World War II, the Bernardine Sisters from Łowicz were involved in intense charitable activities. In the September campaign during the Battle of Bzura, the Bernardine Sisters Convent was transformed into a hospital. Sisters organized beds for patients, underwear, bedding and food. They helped Polish offi cers imprisoned in Blich (the district of Łowicz) and those who waited for the deportation to Germany. They also provided assistance to the Jews from the ghetto of Łowicz. In 1944 they freed 150 children exported from Warsaw to Germany after the Warsaw Uprising and took them to the convent. There, they organized an orphanage for children who lost parents in the war. The person who was especially involved in that kind of activity was Weronika Kempa, the author of the memoirs of that time.
EN
The following article presents the 17th-century library inventories from the Dominican monasteries in Gidle, Łęczyca, Łowicz, Piotrków Trybunalski and Sieradz. The inventories of the monasteries from Łęczyca, Łowicz, Piotrków and Sieradz are part of the chartularies of the aforementioned monasteries, held today in the Archives of the Polish Province of the Dominicans in Krakow, while the inventory of the monastery in Gidle is part of a ledger of that monastery and is in the Diocesan Archive of Włocławek. The inventories of the Order of Preachers completely ignore the publishing addresses of the prints, sometimes they include the author's surname without his first name, or just the other way round; sometimes there is the author’s full name without the book title; if the title is included, it is always shortened and without the author’s name. In some cases only the nickname of the writer is mentioned. The inventories of the monasteries in Gidle, Łęczyca, Sieradz, Łowicz and older register of the Piotrków monastery do not have the numbering of the individual entries, only almost every entry begins with a new line. Such numbering was added to the newer inventory of the monastery in Piotrków Trybunalski. The older inventories of Łęczyca and Łowicz did not use any criterion for presenting the books (so it was probably the way the books were arranged on the shelves of the library). However, in the Piotrków inventory and both inventories of Sieradz, the books were divided according to the print format: in folio, quartq, octavo, sedecimo and duodecimo. The books within the formats were arranged randomly: the works of the same author were mentioned in several places. The newer inventories of these monasteries were better organized, as the works held in Łęczyca, Łowicz and Piotrków were also divided according to the print format. In the inventories of all these monasteries the books written by the same author were generally put in one place (although it was not always so), and there was also a tendency to put the works of the same type together: Bibliae and comments on the Bible, concordances, Summae, Sermones, Contiones, Postillae and  Homiliae, history, legends of the saints, the books by the Fathers of the Church, liturgics, works of dogmatic, moral and speculative theology, polemics, dictionaries, works of philosophy and rhetoric, ancient authors. Moreover, the newer inventory of Łowicz includes Libri seculares, although among them are also church writings; and the inventory of Piotrków contains Libri oratorum. Almost all the inventories, except the Gidle one have the information about the manuscripts and damage of volumes. The inventories differ significantly in the number of works they include.
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