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EN
The article discusses medieval accounts of St John’s Church in Toruń from the 15th and the first half of the 16th century. This set of financial records is made up of eight archival units kept in the State Archives in Toruń. The article describes their structure, content, authors and arrangement of the entries; there is also a presentation of the relationship between these accounts and municipal records of the town of Toruń.
PL
W artykule omówione zostały średniowieczne rachunki kościoła św. Jana w Toruniu pochodzące z XV i pierwszej połowy XVI w. Składa się na nie osiem jednostek archiwalnych przechowywanych w Archiwum Państwowym w Toruniu. Zaprezentowano ich budowę, treść, twórców oraz organizację wpisów. Omówiono także zależności między nimi a księgami miejskimi Torunia.
EN
The account books in general offer the best possibility to analyze the management and the everyday life of the friaries. However, there are but a few surviving in medieval Hungary and even these are fragmentary. Their common feature is that they were not prepared for the internal use of the convents but for the patron, i.e. for the town and for its council. This fact influenced the content, too, revealing a special aspect of the relation between the convent and the community that had the patronage rights. Beside the account books of franciscains friary of Sopron which are the best known sources of this type, there are some fragments of the Carmelite friary of Eperjes (Prešov), of the Austin Hermits of Bártfa (Bartfeld, Bardejov) and of the Dominican convent of Selmecbánya (Schemnitz, Banská Štiavnica). The picture gained from these fragmentary sources is very incomplete. Nevertheless, a certain number of characteristics could be detected through their analysis: the separation of the management of the community from that of the church, the secondary importance of the landed estates and of other properties compared to different forms of alms, as well as the changing role of the procuratores and of the friars by the end of the Middle Ages (late 15th – early 16th century). The account books of Sopron – being the most detailed documents – reflect a considerable flexibility in the economic life of the convent, as well as the prudent administration. In Sopron both the main expenses and incomes were connected to the production, especially to the wine production. Despite some common features there was no uniform economic model at the mendicant orders in this period. Presumably, there was a certain difference between the management of the Transdanubian and north-Hungarian convents and the Transsylvanian friaries, respectively, which is reflected in the absence of account books among the sources connected to latter group of mendicant institutions.
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