Search results

1

„Alkoran“ a „Machomet“ ve staročeské literatuře mezi Husem a Kabátníkem

100%

Šimek Š.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 2

125-137

EN

This article presents the results of an analysis of Old Czech texts from the 1410s to the 1490s in which contemporary names for the Koran and the Prophet Muhammad occur.

2

Úřad moravského zemského hejtmana za posledních Lucemburků (1411-1423)

100%

Svoboda J.

Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica

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2022

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vol. 25

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issue 1

37-76

EN

This study deals with the changes in position of the office of moravian land captain during the reign of last members of house Luxemburg in Moravia, since the ascension of king Venceslaus IV. in the year 1411, over the reign of Sigismund of Hungary, to the granting of Moravian margravate to Albrecht V. of Habsburg in october 1423. The author corrects some deficiencies of existing literature and specifies the chronology of holders of this office. Based on the analysisi of sources are also reconstructed purviews and areas, in which the land captain could intervene and their changes in time of hussite wars and reign of different margraves. This work also captures the way of appointment and deposition of land captains by the ruler and different strategies and attempts to alternate arrangement of administration of Moravian margravate by Sigismund of Hungary, when he tried to sideline this office, which became more and more dependent on the forming high nobility estate.

3

Dvůr krále Jiřího ve světle současného poznání

88%

Zilynská B.

Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica

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2014

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vol. 17

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issue 2

17-36

EN

The Court of King George in Light of the Current Knowledge: The paper recapitulates the state of the treatment of the sovereign court of George of Poděbrady, briefly reminds the reader which sources are available and in the end discusses the individual themes associated with the court: the prosopography of the courtiers, chancellery, celebrations and patronage. It states mainly the little treatment of the personnel composition of the court society.

4

O PLEBANACH MIEJSKIM I WIEJSKIM W UNIEJOWIE W XV WIEKU

88%

Wilk-Woś Z.

Biuletyn Uniejowski

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2016

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vol. 5

29-40

PL

Parafia uniejowska należała do nielicznych w Polsce parafii o wieloosobowej obsadzie plebańskiej. W XV wieku w Uniejowie opiekę duszpasterską sprawowało dwóch proboszczów: pleban wiejski – wiceprepozyt oraz pleban miejski – wicearchidiakon. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie zagadnienia wieloosobowych parafii oraz odtworzenie i scharakteryzowanie piętnastowiecznej grupy proboszczów parafii uniejowskiej. W pracy przedstawiono również kwestie regulacji majątkowych i wzajemnych relacji między plebanami uniejowskimi.

EN

In the 15th century, the Uniejów parish was one of a few parishes in Poland which had two parsons: one who took care of parishioners living in the town, and the other – of parishioners in rural areas. The paper characterizes the 15th century group of Uniejów parish priests as well as addresses a broader issue of parishes with more than one priests, including property regulations and mutual relations between the parsons.

5

Filip z Padeřova a jeho bible. Glosy inspirované četbou:

88%

Šmahel F.

Český časopis historický (The Czech Historical Review)

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2020

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vol. 118

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issue 2

447-460

EN

The illuminated Bible in Czech, which was copied and partly also decorated in 1431–1435 by the scribe Jan of Prague, called Aliapars, at the commission of the captain of Tábor, Filip of Padařov, still attracts the attention of researchers. The monograph by Viktor Kubík provides a comprehensive interpretation of the Padeřov Bible, which at its time was a rather unique example of a consistent illumination style in the Czech lands. The focus of the work lies in an extraordinarily beneficial analysis of the decorative elements of the ornamental style exhibited by the two Masters of this exceptional work of art. The book moved the author of the article to examine partially some of the open questions from the cultural-historic viewpoint. Apart from a few additions of a component or hypothetical nature, the treatise provides one important finding for assessing the role of the commissioner of the Bible being studied. Although Filip of Padařov came from a peasant family, he achieved lower ordination in his youth and thus access to school education. The author of the article further believes that the miniature of the fortified locality in the right margin of 286r was to represent two cylindrical towers of Castle Kotnov and the fortification of the entry barbican of the newly founded Hussite town of Tábor.

6

Niemieckie nazwiska urzędników Starego Miasta Braniewa w XV wieku na litery A-L

88%

Guz M.

Heteroglossia. Studia Kulturoznawczo-Filologiczne

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2022

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issue 13

165-177

EN

This article presents the origins and structure of German surnames in the Old Town Braniewo in the 15th century. The author verified the presence of the preposition “von”, surname variants, Lower German roots, and evident linguistic phenomena which occurred in them. The discussed surnames are derived from first names, place of origin, nicknames and the names of occupations. Other names are multi-motif surnames, or it was impossible to explain their etymology. As for the structure of the described anthroponyms, non-derivative surnames predominate. Only in the case of one surname were variants recorded. Middle Low German and Lower German provenance is present in about 25% of the examined anthroponyms. In some surnames, manifestations of the East Central German dialect are visible. Several anthroponyms have been Polonised, and one was subject to a contraction.

7

Václav z Dráchova jako oficiál pražského arcibiskupství

75%

Marek J.

Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica

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2019

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vol. 22

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issue 1

97-121

EN

This article looks at a form written up in a manuscript at the town library in Bautzen (Stadtbibliothek Bautzen), which contains judgements in matrimonial disputes passed in Prague in 1432, as administered by Wenceslas of Dráchov as an official of the Archdiocese of Prague. As an important Hussite, Wenceslas was a contemporary and colleague of John of Rokycany. It appears he was assigned the role of official in 1429 by Archbishop of Prague, Conrad of Vechta, who became a Hussite in 1421, and Wenceslas fulfilled the role until at least 1437 when the church administration in Prague was in the control of the moderate Hussite party. The published text is unique in the fact that it provides an insight into the daily goings on of the Utraquist Church administration shortly after the Archbishop Conrad of Vechta’s death in terms of dealing with matrimonial disputes. The appendix to the study provides the full text of the form.

8

[Recenzja]: Anna Kowalska-Pietrzak, Prałaci i kanonicy kapituły łęczyckiej do schyłku XV w., Łódź 2004, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, ss. 394

75%

Wojciechowska B.

Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne

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2006

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vol. 85

449-451

9

W sprawie kopiariusza OF 80a i jego edycji

75%

Krajniak R.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2022

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vol. 87

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issue 1

133-143

EN

The purpose of this publication is to critically evaluate the source edition of the cartulary with a reference number OF 80a from the archives of the Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitz in Berlin. The source text in question was created in the 15th century in the chancellery of the Cathedral Chapter of Frombork, most probably in connection with disputes over the borders and the territory of the dominion of Warmia. The small-sized cartulary is limited to only 12 source texts. A significant part of the documents published in the edition was already known to researchers from the materials printed in the Diplomatic Codex of Warmia, as well as from a copy of one of the books of privileges kept in the Archives of the Archdiocese of Warmia in Olsztyn. This, however, does not change the fact that the intention to make the entirety of the cartulary available to a wider audience was certainly a good idea. Alicja Dobrosielska, who undertook this task, made a number of mistakes in the explanatory footnotes while preparing the source text for printing. Therefore, the essential part of this article is to point out the erroneous and inaccurate information, mainly concerning the Canons of the Cathedral Chapter of Warmia, and to present correct data which should have been included in the discussed edition.

10

Świadkowie przywileju wielkiego mistrza Ulryka von Jungingen z 28 X 1409 roku. Z badań nad prokrzyżacką orientacją wśród szlachty dobrzyńskiej w okresie wojny 1409–1411

75%

Szybkowski S.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2010

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vol. 75

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issue 2

23-46

EN

The document of the Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen concerning conferring Culm law on Dobrzyń Land on 28 October 1409 has already been discussed in the literature of the subject (Marian Biskup, Karol Górski). Nevertheless, the study by K. Górski was published forty years ago, and numerous studies have appeared which deal with both the Polish-Teutonic relations and the history of Dobrzyń Land. Using the sources allows us to place this increasingly interesting document in a completely new overall context. In this article we shall deal with the problem of identifying the witnesses of the privilege and we shall make an attempt to establish motives which made them support the authority of the Order in occupied Dobrzyń Land at the beginning of the war 1409–1411. This question also appears in literature (Janusz Bieniak, Beata Możejko), however accounts are scattered, which justifies the need to prepare a study of the problem in one place. The following people were involved as witnesses of the source we are interested in: Janusz and Jakub from Radzików (sons of Mikołaj from Kutno and grandsons of the Dobrzyń castellan Andrzej; Janusz – the progenitor of the magnate’s family of Kościelecki), Adam Świnka from Strzygi, Jan Świnka from Chojnowo, Adam Świnka from Sarnowo (grandsons of the Rypin castellan Piotr Świnka), Piotr from Starorypin (a descendant of the Dobrzyń pantler Eberhard and the Dobrzyń cup-bearer Mikołaj, probably a brother of the would be Dobrzyń standard-bearer Jan Rasz) and Namięta from Łapinóż (not coming from a clerical family). Six out of seven witnesses of Ulrich von Jungingen’s privilege for Dobrzyń Land of 28 October 1409 came from families belonging to the clerical noble strata. The Radzikowskis and the Świnkas belonged to outstandingly significant families (the position of the Starorypińskis was slightly lower). Only Namieta from Łapinóż came from a nonclerical noble family. The Świnkas and the Radzikowskis held the highest official positions in the Dobrzyń hierarchy during the rule of vassal princes of the Crown, and during the Teutonic lien from 1392–1405, cooperating with subsequent landlords of Dobrzyń Land, including the Teutonic Order. For this reason after Władysław Jagiełło took over the land, they were removed from their offices to which they had been appointed by Teutonic grand masters. The same happened to the Starorypińskis family. The Radzikowskis, the Świnkas and the Starorypińskis were connected with one another in family terms. They also had family connections and land in the Teutonic State. Representatives of the Radzikowskis family and the Starorypińskis family were institutionally connected with grand masters, holding from the end of the 14th century functions of diners of Konrad and later of Ulrich von Jungingen. All those factors made them support the authority of the Teutonic Order in conquered Dobrzyń Land in the autumn of 1409. Nevertheless, soon after the most outstanding witness of the Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen’s privilege – Janusz from Radzików, Skępe and Kościelec – went over to Jagiełło’s side. He was probably influenced by the following factors: his relatives who were against his involvement in the Teutonic Order, financial corruption and hopes for further promotion prospects in the Kingdom of Poland, which were quite realistic. As far as the remaining witnesses are concerned, it is known that Jakub from Radzików supported the Teutonic Order until the end of the war (which resulted in a serious delay in his clerical career). No doubt the same situation took place in the Świnkas family (plausibly Jan from Chojnów). Their careers after the war varied. Adam Świnka from Strzygi and Zielona soon got on the right side of Władysław Jagiełło, who appointed him Dobrzyń castellan (his brother Jakub also made a clerical career), Jan from Chojnowo and Adam from Sarnowo fell victim to repression. It is not known what attitudes were adopted by Piotr from Starorypin and Namięta from Łapinóż in the later period of the war. However we know that the probable brother of Piotr – Jan Rasz – fought on the Teutonic side until the end of the military conflict of 1409–1411. None of the representatives of the Starorypińskis and heirs of Łapinóż held any offices until the end of the rule of Władysław Jagiełło.

11

Katolické panstvo na dvoře Jiřího z Poděbrad. Procesy vzájemné konvergence a divergence

75%

Beran Z.

Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica

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2014

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vol. 17

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issue 2

37-75

EN

Catholic Lords at the Court of George of Poděbrady: A Mutual Process of Convergence and Divergence: The basic power centre was the sovereign court in the Poděbradian kingdom just like in the other medieval and modern monarchies. The court of George of Poděbrady in this study is seen from the structural-personnel perspective as the mutual ties of an arranged network of persons sharing along with the sovereign in the policy and administration of the land. The aim of the study is to capture the bilateral activity of George of Poděbrady with a group of upper aristocrats actively demonstrating their allegiance to the Roman Catholic Standard receiving Holy Communion under one species within the so-defined sovereign court. The mechanisms, which brought Catholics fully devoted to his political programme and person to the Poděbrady court, are examined in detail as well as the hidden pitfalls contained in the support of the Catholic nobility, who later abandoned George and formed a domestic opposition known as the Zelená Hora Unity. The work is structured into several mutually related levels analysing gradually the relation of estatism and confession in the Poděbrady period, the representation of the Catholics in the highest offices, their property situations, kinship ties, representation in the royal council and confrontation of the imperative of loyalty to the king and obedience to the pope. In this questioning, it is necessary to shift to the period before the royal election from March 1458 and note the early ties of George of Poděbrady with the Catholic nobility, remove the habitual evaluation leading to a condemnation of the “treacherous” Catholic nobility and simply not glorify those who remained with George of Poděbrady.

12

Udział korektorów i zecerów w kształtowaniu tekstu drukowanego (na podstawie polskojęzycznych druków z XVI wieku)

75%

Sawa A.

Folia Bibliologica

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2011-2012

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vol. 53-54

25-37

13

Mikuláš Bystřice z Vojnic na Kroměříži (1434-1478, †1480). Osudy jednoho moravského rytíře v proměnách pozdně středověké společnosti:

75%

Juřička M.

Mediaevalia Historica Bohemica

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2019

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vol. 22

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issue 2

81-117

EN

This work deals with Mikuláš Bystřice of Vojnice and Kroměříž, who was born at the beginning of 15th century into an unimportant and not very wealthy lower noble family (knights). Nevertheless, he built up a fortune during the Hussite wars and the subsequent period. At the same time, he penetrated into the highest levels of politics, which in the post-Hussite Wars Moravian Margraviate was mainly represented by the higher nobility (lords). This work tries to put his life story into a wider context, especially in terms of political and social history. In seven thematic chapters, it deals with his origin, career working at the side of the Olomouc bishops during the Hussite Wars, his political engagement, residences, property base, social connections, and his social status.

14

Čech mezi jinověrci aneb křesťanská propaganda pod rouškou smíření náboženství

75%

Zilynská B.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 2

106-115

EN

This paper deals with Nicholas of Cusaʼs attitude towards Islam. It summarizes the content of his texts De pace fidei and Cribratio Alcorani, referring to the latest publication output and conference undertakings on this subject. It also recalls the background to Cusaʼs attitudes and the similar views of his contemporaries (John of Segovia). It also refers to the figure of the Czech (Bohemus) among the debaters in De pace fidei and inquires into his role in this work.

15

Obraz Wołochów w piśmiennictwie Jana Długosza

66%

Obara-Pawłowska A.

Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia

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2017

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vol. 24

197-220

EN

Starting from the 14th century the the common border between Poland and Wallachia had a twofold dimension. On the one hand, after the annexation of the Ruthenian lands by Casimir the Great, Poland was directly bordering on Moldova, inhabited by the Vlachs, which together with the nearby Wallachia was becoming the subject of increasingly active diplomatic interventions of the Kingdom of Poland. On the other hand, however, the mountainous regions of southern Poland were a place where the groups of Vlachs settled, intermingled and, and co-existed with the Polish and Ruthenian population. As can be guessed, these circumstances resulted in an increased interest in the Wallachian people and a search for the basic information about this ethnic group by the representatives of the Polish political and intellectual elites. The purpose of the paper is to describe the opinions on Vlachs which can be found in the works of Jan Długosz, one of the most prominent chroniclers of the 15th century. The paper presents the opinions of this historian on such issues as: the origin of the Wallachian population, the circumstances of their emergence in the Slavic lands, religious relations, activities and typical Wallachian professions, and finally, the qualities which distinguished this nation.

16

Lutyšský elekt dobývá Lutych. Příspěvek ke vztahům měst a vládnoucích elit ve středověkém Nizozemí

63%

Bolerazká Z.

Historie – Otázky – Problémy (History, Issues, Problems)

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2020

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issue 2

69-75

EN

This paper focuses on the complicated relations between medieval towns and the ruling elites in what is now Belgium and the Netherlands. It is illustrated by the uprising that broke out against the local elected bishop John III of Bavaria in Liège and was bloodily suppressed. Even though John succeeded in controlling Liège by force, he abandoned the town and its surrounding area when he was offered a very uncertain possibility of governing elsewhere a few years later. This is thus one of many examples in which there is no proper settlement of relations between the ruler and the town in this area.

17

Traktát o zemi svaté (1498): staročeská adaptace cestopisu norimberského měšťana Hanse Tuchera

63%

Svátek J.

Listy filologické (Folia philologica)

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2017

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vol. 140

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issue 1-2

91-141

EN

Treatise on the Holy Land (Traktát o zemi svaté), printed by Mikuláš Bakalář of Pilsen in 1498, belongs to the oldest travelogues written in Czech. Up to now, the text has been considered by scholars as a shortened translation of Bernhard of Breydenbachís bestseller Peregrinatio ad Terram sanctam from 1486. Comparing the Czech text with another German travelogue Die Reise ins gelobte Land, written by the Nuremberg merchant Hans Tucher senior in 1482, the article demonstrates that the Czech incunable was directly translated from this source. Several aspects of this translation are analyzed, such as the process of shortening the original text, the omission of its autobiographical parts, translational strategies and mistakes. The edition of the Treatise on the Holy Land, preserved only in two copies, is presented as a supplement.

18

Uwagi o dokumentach rozejmowych i pokojowych z okresu wojny 1409–1411

63%

Szweda A.

Zapiski Historyczne

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2010

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vol. 75

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issue 2

66-85

EN

The article is devoted to documents of armistice concluded during the war of Poland and Lithuania with the Teutonic Order in the years 1409–1411, and also to documents of the Peace Treaty of Thorn. The first of the armistice treaties, written on 8 October 1409, was exceptional, as it was made through the agency of the Roman and Czech king Wenceslaus IV. This was the reason why the Teutonic and Polish documents were written in German. Seals were also not typical of armistice: the Grand Master Ulrich von Jungingen affixed the great seal of the Teutonic Order whereas Władysław Jagiełło put his bigger seal with the coat of arms. There also appeared seals of guarantors from both sides. The armistice was made until 24 June, whereas on 26 June 1410 Jagiełło issued a document prolonging the armistice until 4 July. It was an act written in a simplified form, without guarantors, with a smaller seal of the monarch. The Teutonic equivalent did not survive. Diplomas from the armistice of 9 December 1410 survived. The Polish document causes interpretation problems as it includes mistakes in the list of guarantors, and the number and order of the seals affixed. The preliminary documents of the First Treaty of Thorn were recorded and enumerated on 1 February 1411. They were made in the name of the monarchs, affixed with smaller sigils and seals of negotiators. The main peace documents were sealed and enumerated on 10 May 1411 near Złotoria. The Teutonic document bore 41 seals; the emblem of the Master Henrich von Plauen did not survive. The Polish-Lithuanian document is known exclusively thanks to descriptions in notary devices. It bore 38 seals, including the sigil of Władysław Jagiełło and the Great Prince Vytautas. Probably the act, like many others, was passed on to the King Sigismund I the Old by the Duke Albert of Hohenzollern in 1526. Soon after it disappeared and it was not recorded in the inventories of the Crown Archive preserved from the mid-16th century.

19

Zwyczaje dworskie w wybranych miniaturach "Bardzo bogatych godzinek księcia de Berry

63%

Smarz I.

Folia Bibliologica

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2010

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vol. 52

85-114

PL

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zwyczajów dworskich, odzwierciedlonych na miniaturach styczniowej i kwietniowej w Bardzo bogatych godzinkach księcia de Berry. Zagadnienia te omówiono, sięgając do szerokiego kontekstu historycznego. Ważnym celem podjętych badań było ponadto zidentyfikowanie postaci znajdujących się na iluminacjach. Zwyczaje dworskie, na których skupiono uwagę, to uczta i zaręczyny w okresie późnego średniowiecza na terenie Francji. Zaprezentowane rozrywki i elementy obyczajów dworskich znajdują odzwierciedlenie na miniaturach Bardzo bogatych godzinek.

20

Początki humanizmu w Polsce – problemy z cezurą

63%

Horeczy A.

Prace Filologiczne. Literaturoznawstwo

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2021

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issue 11 (14)

31-43

EN

It is estimated that humanism first emerged in Poland in the first decades of the 15th century or at the beginning of the 16th century at the latest. The estimation depends on the definition of the phenomenon, the source material, and the methodology applied. The present article focuses on the issues that arise when attempting to define the exact moment humanism started to develop as an intellectual and cultural movement and also the issue of deciding on its early ‘markers’. What is more, it draws attention to non-literary sources that might facilitate the establishing of the watershed moment, yet at the same time pose some difficulties that might arise with their application. According to the thesis presented in the article, the first traces of humanist inclinations among Poles do not fully correspond with the emergence of humanism as a broader phenomenon. On the other hand, it is postulated that the point of inception of Polish humanism does not necessarily need to be synonymous with the movement’s dominance in all spheres of intellectual culture. It is concluded that it is difficult to establish the exact date of the emergence of humanism in Poland. The definition of such a watershed moment should rather be defined in terms of generational change and as such can be placed in a wide time bracket between the 1430s and the 1460s.

PL

Początki humanizmu w Polsce najwcześniej datowane są na pierwsze dekady XV w., najpóźniej na pierwsze dekady XVI stulecia, w zależności od sposobów definiowania tego zjawiska, bazy źródłowej oraz metodologii badawczej. Artykuł omawia problemy związane z ustalaniem początków humanizmu jako ruchu intelektualno-kulturowego oraz z wyborem jego wyznaczników. W tekście zwrócona została uwaga na możliwości i problemy wykorzystania do wyznaczania takiej cezury źródeł innych niż ściśle literackie. W artykule stawiana jest teza, że pierwsze ślady zainteresowań humanistycznych Polaków nie są równoznaczne z początkami humanizmu jako szerszego zjawiska. Z drugiej strony przyjęte zostało założenie, iż początek humanizmu w Polsce nie musi oznaczać objęcia przez niego wszystkich sfer kultury intelektualnej. W konkluzji stwierdzono, że trudno jest wyznaczyć konkretną datę początku humanizmu w Polsce. Cezurę taką należy raczej rozpatrywać w kategoriach przemiany pokoleniowej i można ją umieścić w szerokim przedziale od lat trzydziestych po lata sześćdziesiąte wieku XV.

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„Alkoran“ a „Machomet“ ve staročeské literatuře mezi Husem a Kabátníkem

Úřad moravského zemského hejtmana za posledních Lucemburků (1411-1423)

Dvůr krále Jiřího ve světle současného poznání

O PLEBANACH MIEJSKIM I WIEJSKIM W UNIEJOWIE W XV WIEKU

Filip z Padeřova a jeho bible. Glosy inspirované četbou:

Niemieckie nazwiska urzędników Starego Miasta Braniewa w XV wieku na litery A-L

Václav z Dráchova jako oficiál pražského arcibiskupství

[Recenzja]: Anna Kowalska-Pietrzak, Prałaci i kanonicy kapituły łęczyckiej do schyłku XV w., Łódź 2004, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, ss. 394

W sprawie kopiariusza OF 80a i jego edycji

Świadkowie przywileju wielkiego mistrza Ulryka von Jungingen z 28 X 1409 roku. Z badań nad prokrzyżacką orientacją wśród szlachty dobrzyńskiej w okresie wojny 1409–1411

Katolické panstvo na dvoře Jiřího z Poděbrad. Procesy vzájemné konvergence a divergence

Udział korektorów i zecerów w kształtowaniu tekstu drukowanego (na podstawie polskojęzycznych druków z XVI wieku)

Mikuláš Bystřice z Vojnic na Kroměříži (1434-1478, †1480). Osudy jednoho moravského rytíře v proměnách pozdně středověké společnosti:

Čech mezi jinověrci aneb křesťanská propaganda pod rouškou smíření náboženství

Obraz Wołochów w piśmiennictwie Jana Długosza

Lutyšský elekt dobývá Lutych. Příspěvek ke vztahům měst a vládnoucích elit ve středověkém Nizozemí

Traktát o zemi svaté (1498): staročeská adaptace cestopisu norimberského měšťana Hanse Tuchera

Uwagi o dokumentach rozejmowych i pokojowych z okresu wojny 1409–1411

Zwyczaje dworskie w wybranych miniaturach "Bardzo bogatych godzinek księcia de Berry

Początki humanizmu w Polsce – problemy z cezurą