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Perspektywy rozwoju socjologii polskiej

100%
Podgórecki A.
Studia Socjologiczne
|
2011
|
issue 1(200)
209-225
EN
Due to Bronislaw Malinowski, Florian Znaniecki, Leon Petrazycki and several others' achievements, Polish sociology has enjoyed an a priori recognition. Sadly, this situation is changing. According to the author, there are following alarming trends and phenomena in Polish sociology: absence of criticism, lack of 'middle range theories' as well as the lack of will to formulate them; loosing the potential of social change laboratory, unsatisfactory state of social change research; lack of new ideas that would spread abroad, sticking with one paradigm; absence of appreciation of novel research in Poland (e.g. sociology of morality); insufficient co-operation across sub-disciplines and fragmentarization. Yet, there are several problem areas in Polish sociology, that are could be recognized as outstanding in the world. These are: 1) social norms and deviation sociology, 2) social stratification; 3) theory of social change, 4) sociology of science and 5) social engineering. At a closer look, however, it turns out that the achievements in theory of social change are smaller than one would expect in the social context extremely beneficial for this type of studies. In the area of social stratification there are too few 'middle range' generalizations. There five ways of improving this situation: 1) concentrating on successful developments, 2) implementation of practical test for existing methodological approaches, 3) transforming technicalized thinking by humanities' approach; 4) developing new abilities of theory building in social sciences, and 5) undertaking comprehensive analysis of Polish society.
2

Analysis of Research and Development Sector in Podlaskie. Province and Its Potential of Development

88%
Skibicka-Sokołowska E.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2013
|
issue 5(65)
126-146
EN
The Research and Development sector is created by the institutions involved in activities of increasing the knowledge and exploring new applications. Products created in the sector are innovations which are a factor of rapid economic development. The problem of R&D sector is still a low level of funding, especially in the private sector. The number of patents and commercialization of solutions is small compared to other European countries. Enterprises do not use opportunities to cooperate with universities and other research institutions, and opportunities for the development of R&D sector, taking into account the potential of the existing academic and research institutes, are still huge. This is why the aim of this study is the analyze of the R&D sector structure and a short description of research and development activities in the Podlaskie Province. The level and method of financing the R&D sector in Poland is characterized by a relatively low share of expenditure on R&D activities, the domination of the public sector financed and a low spending on applied research and development work. Poland is among the group of countries with the highest share of basic research in the overall structure of research.
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