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EN
In 1946, Dr Stefania Mazurek elaborated a project of organizing a school in Opole designed for adults who had attended German schools before and did not know the Polish language to a sufficient degree. The didactic work at the junior high and senior high schools in Opole (popularly called re-polonizing comprehensive grammar school) was run along two parallel lines. One, which fulfilled tasks of compensatory character consisted in courses mastering the knowledge of the Polish language, which were organized before the noon, while teaching proper, that is education run in compliance with the ministerial guidelines was going on in the afternoon. There were 700 people who came from Opole Region that applied for a place in the school. Part of the graduates pursued their education in Polish universities. The mission of the institution, apart from providing regular education was to integrate Silesian students with the Polish environment. The situation in 1950 caused the school to be closed and its management to be dismissed. The specific character of the region was not taken into account as regards continuing the re-polonizing project.
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EN
In the article the author analyses the term of adult learning in the context of its ambivalence: the chance for development and the emotional and social costs. The process of adult learning is connected with self-development, intellectual and emotional maturity, making reasonable decisions, responsibility. The author also characterizes the theories of mindfulness learning, such as the theory of Jack Mezirow’s transformative learning and theories based on experience and biography.
EN
Adult education research is a part of biographical turn in social science research. Because of that, both research and theory became more dynamic. Biographical methodology is by no means strange for Polish researchers. Florian Znaniecki introduced the method in sociology and established it in Poland. Starting from 1921, it was used in a form of a written competition (autobiography) amongst different groups. How this method was established in adult education research and how it is used is the focus of this article. First, it concerns the development of biographical research and its popularity in social sciences, followed by the impact of this method upon adult education. Especially, contribution to English and German research is described as it is where the influence is the biggest (West et al.). Third, it touches on the issues of biographicity and narration. It is followed by the methodology of biographical research with emphasis on both collection and analysis of biographical data; there are also named different QDAs (Qualitative Data Analysis) as well as Grounded Theory. Fifth, the focus is on biographicity and biographical learning with Peter Alheit's research taken into particular account. Afterwards, two theoretical contributions based on biographical data are presented in depth - biographical trajectory as a concept of suffering (Glaser & Strauss, Riemann & Schütze), and floating as a concept of going through crises in life (A. Bron). These are the concepts which contributed to biographical learning, to understanding changes in life and struggling with own identity. Finally, the consequences of biographicity and biographical research for adult educators are discussed.
EN
The article contains a text analysis of two papers presented by professionals at an adult education course. The analysis was performed using biographical approach, examining the intersections between learning and breaking down (of old perceptions and physical defenses). The aim of the study is to explore the question of what makes us learn in the process of questioning what we already think we know. The methods used involved a qualitative analysis of secondary data. Through the analysis, we can see that biography in learning enables learners to expose their narrative with both emotional and practical knowledge. Moreover, it may trigger change and lead to a process of new learning as long as a facilitator who acknowledges the sentences that hold information of transformation is present.
EN
The paper aims to give an overview of the systemic-constructivist perspective that has established in adult education discourse in Germany since the ‘90. of the 20th century. At the first the authoress draws the basic concepts of the systemic-constructivist approach: the concept of autopoiesis/ autopoietic systems, the ideas of structural coupling, circularity, contingency and viability. Then she presents the understanding of learning from systemic-constructivist perspective: it is a process of construction and reconstruction of individually created reality happened in the closed system. Adult learning has a form of the interpreting learning and transformative learning induced by external perturbation. The third part of the paper reflects on the systemic constructivist principles of the adult education that consist in making opportunities to learn and not in instructing the learners.
EN
Technological changes taking place over the past decades which are to be fully reflected in the world of work in the coming years introduce new pressures on the labour force. The scope of current and newly anticipated skills and an individual’s responsibility to remain flexible over considerably longer periods of his/her working life is unprecedented. The young generation in Europe struggles with effectively adapting to the knowledge received in formal education and too many young adults are not able to assume an adequate and full time job position. The opportunity identification competence is being increasingly recognized in psychological, educational and economic research as a crucial skill closely connecting an individual and his/her future professional and personal prospects. We discuss the concept of the opportunity identification competence and how it relates to individual skills and their development from the point of view of individuals and firms. We present in more detail the recent experimental research on the opportunity identification competence at employee level developed by Lans et al. (2015a) and Baggen et al. (2015b) in which also important links to innovation and the workplace learning were explored. In this paper is intended to serve as a methodological journal for the application of the Opportunity Competence Assessment Test (OCAT) in the Slovak environment and cross-country comparisons, especially with Lans et al. (2015a) research on small and medium sized enterprises. In the context of changing professions and requirements for new skills, we are proposing that opportunity competence framework has relevance not only to entrepreneurs, (founders and or owners of new or existing ventures) but to individuals and employees in general. Lans et al. (2015b). Improving employability is the key policy priority in the EU countries, concerning all generations of individuals. The opportunity identification competence might be the crucial innovative approach because of its novelty, advocacy of employee importance irrespective of company hierarchy and promotion of lifelong learning and workplace learning mechanisms. This has been recognized also by European policies (EP 2006 a,b) in a decision on lifelong learning actions and recommendations on lifelong learning competencies and skills which list also entrepreneurship and specifically opportunity identification skills. Finally, we point to the generally limited empirical evidence on opportunity competence, and lack of such evidence for Slovak companies. An experimental approach to opportunity identification and application of the method developed by Lans et al. (2015a) and Baggen et al. (2015 a,b) might via its original and complex view of opportunity competence generate crucial and novel information on adults skills, competencies and employability development in Slovakia.
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