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1

RESPONSES OF PROMINENT ARABS TOWARDS ZIONIST ASPIRATIONS AND COLONIZATION PRIOR TO 1908

100%

Beška E.

Asian and African Studies

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2007

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vol. 16

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issue 1

22 - 44

EN

Modern Jewish immigration and colonization of Palestine started in the eighth decade of the 19th century. Though it took some time until the Arabs started to formulate their opposition towards these activities. At the turn of the century, with the formulation of the Zionist political programme, some Arabs started to voice their opposition in various forms. They were increasingly well informed about Zionist goals and aware of the implications of their policies. However several structural barriers prevented anti-Zionism from becoming a broader movement.

2

The Communist Party of Israel in the Years 1958-1965 Seen from the Angle of 'Walka' Magazine

100%

Grabski A.

Kwartalnik Historii Żydow

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2007

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issue 1(221)

58-76

EN

As the Hebraization of the olim in Israel gradually made headway, the individual political parties had to use various languages in their propaganda. The Communist Party of Israel published its materials in seven other languages in addition to Hebrew and Arabic, including the Polish-language monthly (briefly a fortnightly) 'Walka', published since 1958. Its editor-in-chief was Adolf Berman, who was also a leading activist of the pro-Communist Israel - Poland Friendship League and chairman of the leftist Union of Anti-Nazi Fighters. 'Walka' had to compete for readership with several other Polish-language periodicals published in Israel. In addition to painting a flattering picture of People's Poland and the Soviet Union, the journal presented the policy line of the Communist Party of Israel: it supported Israel's neutrality and reconciliation with the Arab countries, equal rights for Israel's Arabs, an alliance with the Zionist Left within the so-called working class front, the laity of the state. In the conflict between the two factions in the Communist Party of Israel, the editors of 'Walka' unequivocally came out Meir Vilner's group, which in 1965 set up a new party called New Communist List.

3

'Matzpen' and the State of Israel (1962-1973)

88%

Grabski A.

Kwartalnik Historii Żydow

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2006

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issue 3(219)

345-365

EN

The article deals with the criticism of the nationalist-cum-religious nature of the State of Israel, developed by the Israeli New Left organisation commonly known by the name of its press organ 'Matzpen' (Hebr. compass). The development of Matzpen's anti-Zionist concepts is shown from the birth of that organisation to Yom Kippur war (of 1973). The views of Matzpen are juxtaposed to the classic anti-Zionist document of Marxist Left that was independent of the Kremlin, namely, the resolution 'Israel vs. the Arab Revolution', passed by the U.S. Socialist Workers' Party (SWP) in 1971. The position of Matzpen, which acknowledged Israel's right to existence, was to become a minority view among the New Left organizations, compared to the denial of such right, represented, for example, by the aforementioned SWP. Despite its small size, Matzpen and its activists staying in the West were profoundly significant for the New Left, providing it with evidence that radical anti-Zionism free of any suspicions of anti-Semitic inspiration was possible.

4

‘ANTI-ZIONISM’ AND THE FIGHT AGAINST ANTI-SEMITISM IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA, 1967–1969

88%

Poláčková Z., Duin van C. P.

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2020

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vol. 68

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issue 5

861 – 887

EN

This article analyses the phenomenon of ‘anti-Zionism’ and anti-Semitism in Czechoslovakia during the remarkable years 1967–1969. The reactions to the Arab-Israeli War of June 1967, the political liberalisation during the Prague Spring of 1968, and the period of ‘normalisation’ after the Soviet invasion in August 1968 were the main determinants shaping its development. Anti-Israeli rhetoric and ‘anti-Zionism’ were political instruments manipulated by the communist regimes of Czechoslovakia, Poland, and the Soviet Union and had various functions. They expressed frustration about the defeat of the Arab client states of the Eastern Bloc and about the fact that many East European citizens disagreed with their governments’ one-sided anti-Israeli policy. The ‘anti-Zionist’ campaign also had to discredit oppositional and reform-minded political forces by associating them with Israel and the Jews. Indeed, this campaign could only work if at least a part of the population proved susceptible to the reactivating of anti-Semitic prejudices and sentiments, which had a long history in many parts of Eastern Europe. However, another section of the population, especially in Czechoslovakia, decided to fight against the anti-Semitic and anti-Zionist propaganda. This added a, perhaps underrated, dimension to the events in Czechoslovakia – and to some extent, Poland – during the period 1967–1969. An analysis of these political developments increases our understanding of the nature of anti-Semitism and ‘anti-Zionism’, but also of the character and evolution of the communist regimes as well as of their critics.

5

Od alienacji do akceptacji. Antysemityzm - antyjudaizm - antyżydowskość - antysyjonizm

75%

Szczerbiński W.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2012

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issue 6

95-108

PL

This presentation concerns the problem of the social withdrawal of the Jews in other communities both now and in the past. The life in the diaspora brought about a certain amount of tension conditioned by economic, political, social, moral, national or religious factors. There emerged various attitudes of non-Jews towards the Jews customarily called anti-Semitism, anti-Judaism, anti-Jewishness as well as anti-Zionism. All the aforementioned phenomena have common grounds: such was the price of constructing, protecting, preserving and developing one’s identity in a strange community. There are, however, essential differences between these phenomena and this is usually forgotten. Consequently, any attempt at subsuming all of them under the term ‘anti-Semitism’ is unfounded and unjustifiable. The presentation aims first and foremost at characterising the above phenomena and particularly the differences and similarities between them as this affects their proper understanding and evaluation.

6

SHUKRe AL-OASALE, AN EXTRAORDINARY ANTI-ZIONIST ACTIVIST

75%

Beška E.

Asian and African Studies

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2010

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vol. 19

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issue 2

237-254

EN

This paper deals with the anti-Zionist activities of Shukre al-oAsali in the last years before the First World War. In the autumn 1910 Shukre al-oAsali was behind the most vociferous campaign against Zionist purchases in the pre-WWI period. In his capacity as the qa'immaqam of abariya he took all possible measures to prevent the transfer of the lands of the village of al-Fula from Iliyas Sursuq to the Zionists. Even though eventually his efforts were not successful, his extensive publicizing of the case helped to spread awareness of the ongoing Zionist undertaking in Ottoman Palestine throughout Greater Syria and was one of the most significant reasons for growing anti-Zionism during that period. Following his election to the Ottoman parliament in January 1911, he continued to point his finger at Jewish immigration and land purchases. The most important act of his parliamentary career concerning Zionism was the speech he delivered in May 1911 along with two other Arab deputies.

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2 Asian and African Studies

2 Kwartalnik Historii Żydow

1 Historický časopis (Historical Journal)

1 Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

2 Beška E.

2 Grabski A.

1 Duin van C. P.

1 Poláčková Z.

1 Szczerbiński W.

1 2020

1 2012

1 2010