The article presents the use of illusion and vision in the literature and culture of the Enlightenment on the example of the play "Umarły żyjący, czyli Diabeł Włoski" by Stanisław Kostka Potocki, and the first volume of the "Diary" by Anna Potocka from Tyszkiewicz family. It analyses special effects used in the theatre and described in these texts, as well as their motives present in the character of an astrologer and illuminatus inspired by the person of Alessandro Cagliostro. The phenomena of the masquerade and mystification shown here were a popular entertainment of the eighteenth-century aristocracy, and a tool serving fraudsters to reach the target, as well as a weapon used by muckrakes.
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