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1

Rolnictwo ekologiczne a właściwości gleby i jej różnorodność biologiczna

100%
Augustyniuk-Kram A.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 1
45-63
EN
This review deals with the influence of organic farming, as well as with the effects the conversion of conventional to ecological farming systems have had on the quality of soil and biodiversity. Organic farming is defined as a system in which crop and animal production must be balanced, and all means of production needed for plant and animal breeding are produced within the farm. Organic farming prohibits the use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers, therefore is widely perceived as being more environmentally friendly than conventional farming. Organic farming is also identified with the production of high quality food, with the improvement of animal welfare, as well as associated with rural development. This type of farming aims to sustain the quality and fertility of soil and to maintain key ecological soil functions. The presented overview shows that organic farming leads to higher soil quality and more biological activity in soil than conventional farming. A growing number of studies also show that organic farming can have a positive effect on ecosystems by increasing biological diversity and by a diversification of the agricultural landscape. This is to prevent the loss of the natural habitat of many wild plant and animal species.
2
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Biologiczne podstawy zrównoważonego rozwoju opartego na wiedzy

100%
Michałowski A.
Archeus. Studia z bioetyki i antropologii filozoficznej
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2012
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vol. 13
55-77
EN
The author of the paper attempts to present the concept of the biological basis for sustainable development based on knowledge. Her research areas include the concept of ecosystem, theory of biodiversity and ecology of species. A new paradigm of development takes into account current assumption of the existence of a dynamic equilibrium in ecosystems. Constant balance of ecological systems theory is a concept that has great utility model. However, keep in mind that the test is based on reality of the phenomena and dynamic processes which are influenced by the specific conditions and balancing mechanisms (natural and anthropogenic homeostatic mechanisms). State ecosystems in macrosystem society–economy–environment are always closer to or further defined as a model-based point of balance. Taking into account the dynamism of ecosystems and biological basis set leads to questions about precisely optimized management development of macrosystem society–economy–environment. They are a challenge for the emerging economy for sustainable development.
3

EMERGENCE OF MULTILEVEL GOVERNANCE. THE CASE OF THE BIODIVERSITY IN THE ENLARGED EUROPEAN UNION

88%
Kluvánková-Oravská T., Chobotová V.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2010
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vol. 58
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issue 4
407-422
EN
This paper addresses the problems of institutional changes in governance and the framing of biodiversity conservation policy at the level of the enlarged European Union. The theoretical basis of the paper is institutional rebuilding in Central and Eastern Europe in the context of the emerging multilevel environmental governance of the EU. The data were collected from desk study research and interviews from five Central and Eastern European countries. The results show that the emergence of multilevel governance with multiple actors' participation is prone to create tensions, but evidence from the countries studied indicates that this is not necessarily a disadvantage.
4

YASUNÍ ITT INITIATIVE AND THE REINVENTING SOVEREIGNTY OVER NATURAL RESOURCES

88%
Gűmplová P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2019
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vol. 74
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issue 5
378 – 393
EN
This paper discusses the Yasuní ITT Initiative through which a sovereign state (Ecuador) proposed it would forgo oil extraction in an area overlapping with a global biodiversity reserve and indigenous territory in exchange for financial compensation from the global community. This paper argues that the ITT Initiative provides an excellent opportunity for a much needed discussion about limits on sovereign rights to natural resources. First, the article looks into problematic features of sovereignty with respect to natural resources and argues that it fails to facilitate a use of natural resources compatible with demands of domestic and international justice. Three issues are identified: the extractivist bias, the problem of territorial monism, and the justice deficit. In the second part of the paper I show how the ITT Initiative innovatively attempted to transcend these structural weaknesses in the current system thus providing a valuable model of self-limiting sovereignty over natural resources. Three aspects are highlighted: a fiduciary model of resource sovereignty, the recognition of extraterritorial rights of others to sovereign resources, and a model of international cooperation for the non-exploitation of resources and the effective mitigation of climate change.
5

PRESERVING BIODIVERSITY IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD: A NECESSARY BASIS FOR STABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CIVILIZATION (Zberezhennya bioriznomanittya Ukrayiny i svitu - neodminna osnova stabilnoho rozvytku tsivilizatsiyi)

88%
Hrodzynsky D. M.
Nauka ta naukoznavstvo (Science and Science of Science)
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2010
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issue 3
3-11
EN
Definition, evolution and coverage of biodiversity is shown. The significance of biodiversity for the humanity is discussed with reference to the Rio-Janeiro Conference (1992) and the Global Conception of Biodiversity Preservation. The condition of biodiversity in Ukraine and worldwide is shown by use of rich statistical, descriptive and image information: biodiversity worldwide by number of species in main animal classes; increase in biodiversity in geological scale; forest cover on the Earth; primary products of biosphere; photosynthetic activity of the Earth continents, diversity of plants by region of the Earth, loss of species in ecosystems of the Earth continents; locations and concentrations of animal species in Ukraine, included in 'Red Book'; population densities and concentrations of plant species in Ukraine, included in 'Red Book'. Threats to biodiversity in Ukraine, caused by human interference in the nature (intensive ploughing up of lands and use of insecticides) and worldwide (cutting of tropical and subtropical forests) are shown.
6

Analiz podhodov k e'konomicheskoj ocenke e'kosistemnyh uslug

88%
Sotnyk I. M., Mogilenets T. V.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
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2011
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vol. 2 (52)
152-158
EN
The main methodological approaches to economic valuation of ecosystem services are analyzed; their advantages and disadvantages are defined. The expediency of economic evaluations conducting for optimal solutions forming in environmental management is proved. Directions of methodological approaches improvement of ecosystem services economic valuation are proposed.
7
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Bezdězsko – Dokesko. Krajina mezi odolností a stagnací

75%
Meduna P., Sádlo J.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2009
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vol. 35
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issue 1
147-160
EN
The region of Bezděz / Doksy (North Bohemia, Czech Republic) differs from surrounding cultural landscape by its peculiar biodiversity (including e.g. endemism) which indicates an anomalous natural and cultural history on Holocene level. The paper assesses this area as a relict island of hemiboreal lowland tajga. The sandstone pseudokarst, fens, wildfire cyclic succession in coniferous forests, and soil conditions unsuitable for agriculture are the main influences stabilizing this landscape both against long–term natural changes and human impact. Therefore, standard colonisation strategies (towns and agricultural villages) mostly failed here whereas alternative and „mild“ strategies such as hunting, forestry and fish farming were more successfull.
8
Content available remote

Bioróżnorodność owadów na plantacji wierzby energetycznej

75%
Krzymińska J., Nijak K.
Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego
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2014
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issue 2(76)
54-65
EN
This paper reviews the potential value of SRW plantations as a habitat for invertebrates. It shows the investigation on the number and biodiversity of insects (both predators and herbivores) populating a plantation in IPP–NRI Field Experimental Station Winna Góra, Poland. The study took place in 2009 and 2010. All together 1840 insects were collected. They belonged to7 orders and 27 families. The most abundant groups were Coleoptera and Diptera orders. The biodiversity index was high. It was determined that SRW plantations are an excellent environment for insects.
9
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Uwarunkowania środowiskowe, produkcyjne i ekonomiczneuprawy roślin na cele energetyczne

75%
Remlein-Starosta D., Krzymińska J.
Zagadnienia Doradztwa Rolniczego
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2013
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issue 1(71)
71-81
EN
Sustainable Energy Development Strategy requires increasing renewable energy share in total energy production. Bioenergy crops – which area is increasing in Poland and other European Union countries – can be controversial from the social, economic and environmental point of view. However, numerous studies conducted all over the world show that this anxiety is partly unjustified. Dispersed energetics and low-cost biomass production can reduce the risk of energy production cost increase. Other studies show that bioenergy crops do not harm environment. On the contrary – they benefit it by buffering soil water reservoir, increasing beneficial organisms biodiversity and extracting soil nutrients unavailable for other plants. Additionally, our research prove, that many bioenergy plant varieties, resistant to pathogens and pests and suitable for our climate, can grow without much pesticide use. Therefore, there is no reason to turn back from switching to alternative energy sources and it is important to inform about recent biomass research and opinions.
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