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EN
The presidency of Barack Obama is often compared with the presidency of Bill Clinton, because many similarities exist between them such as warm relations with Russia, preference for soft-power instead of hard power, and so on. This article addresses the question of whether Lithuania's role in U.S. foreign policy is also similar in the two presidencies, since Lithuania (and the other Baltic states) was always in the U.S. field of interest because of its geopolitical position and U.S. competition with Russia. This article seeks to compare the role of Lithuania in U.S. foreign policy during the presidency of B. Clinton and B. Obama according to several criteria: the presentation of Lithuania in U.S. strategic documents and official rhetoric; the role of Lithuania in U.S. foreign policy practice; and the role of Lithuania in U.S.-Russian relations.The article concludes that Lithuania's presentation in U.S. strategic documents and official rhetoric during the presidency of B. Clinton and B. Obama differs mostly in frequency of mention. In foreign policy practice U.S.-Lithuanian relations were transferred from the format "Work for you" to "Work with you." However, although in U.S.-Russian relations Lithuania was never the main factor that sharpened these relations- it only received its main security guarantees during the presidency of B. Obama.
PL
Prezydentura Billa Clintona przypadła na lata względnego spokoju na arenie międzynarodowej. Okres ten był poprzedzony zimnowojennymi zmaganiami z ZSRR trwającymi kilka dekad, z których Stany Zjednoczone wyszły zwycięsko. Natomiast, bezpośrednio po dwóch kadencjach prezydenta Billa Clintona w Białym Domu, w wyniku ataków terrorystycznych na USA w dniu 11 września 2001 roku, USA rozpoczęły wojnę z terroryzmem. Stany Zjednoczone za Billa Clintona cieszyły się wysoką moralną estymą oraz możliwością pokojowego oddziaływania na inne państwa. Naturalnie, w wyniku wieloletnich zimnowojennych zbrojeń, dysponowały też klasycznym hard-power. W tym okresie USA miały zdolność kształtowania wydarzeń na wszystkich kontynentach i dysponowały narzędziami wpływania na innych aktorów sceny politycznej. Mimo że w tym okresie Stany Zjednoczone nie były bezpośrednio zagrożone, to jednak w okresie prezydentury Billa Clintona miały miejsce lokalne konflikty i wydarzenia, które negatywie wpłynęły na bezpieczeństwo USA i wizerunek tego państwa. Wydarzenia te mogły wystawić na próbę Stany Zjednoczone, ale również, swoimi konsekwencjami, zagrozić USA bądź podkopać ich interesy. Takimi wydarzeniami były konflikty w byłej Jugosławii, na Haiti, w Somalii oraz Rwandzie. Wyzwaniem były również narodziny Al-Kaidy i transformacje tej terrorystycznej organizacji w źródło zagrożenia dla USA i całego demokratycznego świata. Stany Zjednoczone za prezydentury Clintona zastosowały politykę nieadekwatną do wymiaru tych konfliktów i zjawisk, co zaowocowało podkopaniem amerykańskiego wizerunku, doprowadziło do bezpośredniego zagrożenia oraz uwikłania się USA w dwie militarne interwencje.
EN
The Bill Clinton presidency happened in the years of a relative calm in the international arena. That period was preceded by the Cold-War struggles with the USSR, lasting a few decades, from which the United States went out as a winner. However, directly upon the two terms in office of President Bill Clinton at the White House, in result of the terrorist attacks on the United States on 11 September 2001, the USA began war against terrorism. The United States under the Bill Clinton presidency were enjoying a high moral esteem and the ability of peaceful influencing other states. Naturally, in result of multiannual Cold-War armaments, it had at its disposal the classical hard power. In that period, the USA was able to shape the events on all continents and had at its disposal the tools of influencing other actors of the political scene. Although the United States was not in that period directly endangered, nevertheless in the period of Bill Clinton presidency there took place local conflicts and events which have negatively affected US security and this state’s image. Those events might have put the United States to the test, but also, by its consequences, threaten the USA or undermine its interest. Such events were the conflicts in former Yugoslavia, in Haiti, Somalia, and Rwanda. The challenge was also the birth of Al-Qaeda and transformations of this terrorist organisation into the source of threat for the USA and the entire democratic world. The United States under the Clinton presidency applied the policy inadequate to the size of those conflicts and phenomena, what has yielded in undermining of the American image, has led to direct threat and US entanglement in two military interventions.
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