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Nurt SVD
|
2023
|
issue 2
168-184
PL
Księga Rut jest urokliwą, choć jedną z najkrótszych ksiąg Starego Testamentu. Umieszczoną w epoce sędziów narrację przeplatają liczne formuły błogosławieństwa. Aż w pięciu przypadkach życzenia przychylności Jahwe odnoszą się do Moabitki Rut (1, 8-9; 2, 11-12; 3, 10-11; 4, 11-12; 4, 14-15). Celem niniejszego studium jest wyodrębnienie z szerszego kontekstu oraz analiza literacka formuł błogosławieństwa, skierowanych pod adresem tytułowej bohaterki. Autorami tych modlitw są: Noemi, Booz, starsi ludu i mieszkańcy Betlejem, sąsiadki Noemi. Hagiograf umieścił błogosławieństwa w kluczowych momentach narracji, by zilustrować proces rozwoju wiary Rut, którego źródłem jest Boża hesed. W toku pracy badawczej podejmie się próbę rozstrzygnięcia następujących kwestii: jaką funkcję w utworze pełnią formuły błogosławieństw?; jaki cel przyświecał hagiografowi, który cudzoziemkę i pogankę uczynił odbiorczynią błogosławieństw Boga Izraela, zwłaszcza wobec surowego prawa zawartego w Pwt 23, 4-7?
EN
The Book of Ruth is a charming although one of the shortest books of the Old Testament. The narrative, set in the era of the judges, is intertwined with numerous blessing formulas. In as many as five instances, wishes for Yahweh’s favour refer to the Moabite woman Ruth (1:8-9; 2:11-12; 3:10-11; 4:11-12; 4:14-15). The purpose of this study is to extract from the wider context and carry out literary analysis of the formulas of blessing addressed to the title character. The authors of these prayers are: Noemi, Booz, the elders of the people and the inhabitants of Bethlehem, Noemi’s neighbours. The hagiographer placed the blessings at key moments in the narrative to illustrate the process of Ruth’s faith development, the source of which is God’s hesed. During the research work, we shall try to resolve the following questions: What function do the blessing formulas serve in the work? What was the hagiographer’s purpose in making a foreigner and a pagan woman the recipient of blessings of the God of Israel, having in mind the strict law contained in Deuteronomy 23:4-7?
EN
The Book of Ruth is one of the shortest books of the Old Testament, but it gives the believer one of the most important truths of the Christian faith, that is, faith in Divine Providence. Through the history of simple women, Ruth and Naomi, the inspired author shows that God works in the daily routine of man in his intricate fate, which sometimes seems to contradict God’s goodness. The trust of Ruth and Naomi makes their common destiny illuminated by God, who acts not only in great and spectacular salvific events. The Lord reveals His presence in the world by the people who are sent to those who appear to be rejected by him. Women become figures of faith and trust in God. The article, based on the analysis of the Book of Ruth, shows a woman as an example of trust in Divine Providence. Woman’s trust turns out to be the basis of a close relationship with God, which a man can learn from his life partner. This kind of total devotion to God by a woman can also be a sign of God’s fidelity to every human being. So, based on the Book of Ruth, we can create a theory of some kind of biblical feminism that is perfectly morally healthy, because it is based on faith in God, His providence and love, and not on false faith in human capacities and abilities.
EN
This article investigates the earliest Hebrew rendition of a Shakespearean comedy, Judah Elkind’s מוסר סוררה musar sorera ‘The Education of the Rebellious Woman’ (The Taming of the Shrew), which was translated directly from the English source text and published in Berditchev in 1892. Elkind’s translation is the only comedy among a small group of pioneering Shakespeare renditions conducted in late nineteenthcentury Eastern Europe by adherents of the Jewish Enlightenment movement. It was rooted in a strongly ideological initiative to establish a modern European-style literature in Hebrew and reflecting Jewish cultural values at a time when the language was still primarily a written medium on the cusp of its large-scale revernacularisation in Palestine. The article examines the ways in which Elkind’s employment of a Judaising translation technique drawing heavily on romantic imagery from prominent biblical intertexts, particularly the Book of Ruth and the Song of Songs, affects the Petruchio and Katherine plotline in the target text. Elkind’s use of carefully selected biblical names for the main characters and his conscious insertion of biblical verses well known in Jewish tradition for their romantic connotations serve to transform Petruchio and Katherine into Peretz and Hoglah, the heroes of a distinctly Jewish love story which offers a unique and intriguing perspective on the translation of Shakespearean comedy.
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