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XX
Autor przedstawia specyfikę, strukturę dochodów i wydatków budżetu ogólnego Unii Europejskiej. Przedstawia także bilans rozliczeń poszczególnych państw członkowskich z budżetem UE oraz mechanizm korygujący wysokość składki Wielkiej Brytanii. Zdaniem autora przyjęcie do Unii 10 nowych państw spowoduje, że wzrośnie dysproporcja pomiędzy środkami, które kraje wnoszą do budżetu UE oraz z niego otrzymują. Na liście czołowych beneficjantów znajdą się kraje nowo przyjęte. Pod względem wysokości wsparcia w relacji do PNB, Polska w latach 2008-2013 ustępować będzie jedynie Litwie i Łotwie.
EN
The article presents a general budget of the European Union that is a basic financing source of statutory activity of the European Union. The budget is relatively low - covers no more than 1,27 procent of general GDP of the member states. In comparison with national budgets, the budget of the European Union can not be used for stabilisation of business cycle in the countries of the European Union. In 1999-2004 direct contributions of the member states of the European Union, with decreased meaning of incomes' from VAT, customs duty and agricultural payments played a main and systematically role. Additionally, payments on realisation of Common Agricultural Policy and regional policy pay the most important role in the general budget of the European Union. The most important share in incomes of the general budget have five biggest countries of the European Union. For majority of these countries and for a few small countries, a balance of financial means with the budget of the European Union is negative, i.e. these' countries are net payers and transmit to the general budget more financial means than received. As a consequence of enlarging the European Union in 2004, transfers of financial means from the budget of the European Union to the countries of "former EU" will significantly be decreasing. A place on the list of leading beneficiaries will be taken by countries of the Central and East Europe, including Poland. Problem of redistribution of financial means within the European Union has taken a new size in the context of aggravating level of public funds in some countries of the European Union. Presently, the European Commission reviews functioning rules of financing the European Union. In this connection a correction this mechanism could be foreseen with changes in balance of counties with the general budget of the European Union. (original abstract)
XX
Przedstawiono finansowe aspekty integracji Polski z Unią Europejską. Uwzględniono wielkość środków UE transferowanych do Polski w ramach funduszy strukturalnych oraz wspólnej polityki rolnej, z drugiej strony wysokość składki wnoszonej do budżetu Unii.
XX
Przedstawiono strukturę budżetu Unii Europejskiej. Omówiono przewidywany udział Polski w dochodach i wydatkach budżetu UE. Zwrócono uwagę na zagrożenia dla płynności polskiego budżetu, wysokość składki członkowskiej, wysokość wsparcia finansowego polskiego rolnictwa w ramach Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej oraz wysokość przyznanych Polsce zaliczek na działania strukturalne.
EN
This article concerns the financial conditions of Polish membership in the European Union settled during accession negotiations that were finalised on the summit in Copen hagen in December 2002. In order to present this problem the analysis of economic and financial situation of the EU countries could be used. This situation essentially influences on volume of incomes and expenditures of common budget and explains reasons for which the European Union wanted to keep the enlargement costs on lower possible level. The article also describes settlements concerning the financial transfers between the budget of the European Union and budget of Poland connected with obligatory membership contribution and share of Poland in the Common Agricultural Policy and structural activities. The article mentions about threats for liquidity of Polish budget in the first period of membership. (original abstract)
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