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CALENDAR FOR THE GREEK CATHOLIC SLOVAKS FOR THE YEAR 1941

100%
Borza P.
Konštantínove listy
|
2022
|
vol. 15
|
issue 1
122 - 130
EN
Calendar for the Greek Catholic Slovaks for 1941 was the first publication of its kind intended for the Greek Catholic Slovaks. With its content and involvement of state authorities in the distribution among the faithful, it pointed out the close cooperation of the representatives of the Slovak State regime and the emerging leadership of the Greek Catholic Slovaks in the association with an ideological reference to the legacy of Cyril and Methodius. However, they interpreted it with the emphasis on the requirement to use the Slovak language in religious life and the appropriate share of Slovaks in the leadership of the Greek Catholic Church. The study also analyses the publication in the context of the government’s political goals. The support of the Greek Catholic Slovaks was part of a broader plan the aim of which was to reduce the activities of the unwanted Bishop Pavel Gojdič, the leadership of the Greek Catholic Church and their influence, and ultimately wanted to find the solution to the Ruthenian issue in Slovakia.
2
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Wartości wielkopolskich kalendarzy polskich i niemieckich przełomu XIX i XX wieku w aspekcie współczesnej turystyki kulturowej

100%
Skalska M.
Turystyka Kulturowa
|
2009
|
issue 7
15-29
EN
The author presents in her article the history and vale of the calendars of Wielkopolska Region from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and the potentiality of using them as a source for cultural tourism development in the region. Calendars can enrich the research skills of not only guidebook or other travel publication authors, but also that of cultural tourism popularizers, including tour guides and teachers. Thanks to their cognitive, literary, educational, patriotic and Christian values, the calendars have a chance to diversify tourist offer aimed at the enthusiasts of the city of Poznań and of Wielkopolska Region.
3
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Prenatalny rozwój człowieka w Biblii hebrajskiej: Perspektywa judaizmu

100%
Borkowski A.
ELPIS
|
2012
|
vol. 14
|
issue 25-26
369-389
EN
Subject of the paper is a standpoint of ecumenical patriarch Jeremiah II Tranos on the change of calendar introduced by Vatican. Patriarch Jeremiah’s attitude in relations with the Roman Catholic Church has been similar to the earlier one concerning Protestants who had attempted to attract Orthodox faithful through their far-flung activities. Nevertheless the patriarch has managed to maintain friendly relations with both denominations. His wisdom and discernment has helped to safeguard the Orthodox Church and the faith against foreign influence of the non-Orthodox who have pursued solely to ensure their benefits. Orthodox believers in Polish Republic have obediently followed his orders consistently rejecting any novelties and aberrations of the Latin Church who has not accepted a method of dialogue preferring to use calendar reform as a measure to apply papal propaganda. Initial failure of the Vatican has not restrained its policy on Orthodoxy. Active and uncompromising proselyte activity of Jesuit order has repeatedly led to tensions and fights between faithful of both Churches. Initial trial to impose the new calendar has turned into battlefield of pressure and persecution. Orthodox people of the Polish Republic have protested against the new calendar treating it as one of the main reasons of their struggle. In such a particularly critical period in history ecumenical patriarch Jeremiah II Tranos has himself rushed to the aid of Kiev Metropolis located within boundaries of the Polish Republic. During his visit in 1588–1589 he solved many burning dilemmas.
4

ANALYSIS OF TIME REFERENCES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE BY MEANS OF TRANSPARENT INTENSIONAL LOGIC

100%
Duží M., Macek J.
Organon F. medzinárodný časopis pre analytickú filozofiu
|
2018
|
vol. 25
|
issue 1
21 – 40
EN
In this paper, the authors deal with sentences containing time references like ‘five years ago’, ‘three years older’, ‘in five seconds’. It turns out that such sentences are pragmatically incomplete, because there is an elliptic reference to a calendar that makes it possible to determine the length of the time interval associated with time duration like a year, month, day, or to compute the time interval denoted by terms like ‘February 29, 2016’. Since Transparent Intensional Logic (TIL) takes into account two modal parameters, namely possible worlds of type ω and times of type τ, and this system is particularly apt for the analysis of natural language expressions, our background theory is TIL. Within this system, the authors define time intervals, calendar time durations, and last but not least a method for adding and multiplying time durations in a way that takes into account the leap days and leap seconds. As sample applications, they analyse two sentences, to wit, “A year has 365 days” and “Adam is 5 years older than Bill”.
5

TIME AND COSMOS: A ZOOMORPHIC COSMOLOGICAL MONUMENT OF THE LATE ANTIQUITY (Aeg ja kosmos. Hilisantiikaja kosmoloogia zoomorfne malestusmark)

88%
Sivkov N.
Mäetagused
|
2010
|
vol. 46
77-92
EN
The protome of the ram from West Bulgaria is a lunisolar calendar of parapegmatic type from the period of antiquity (2nd-4th century AC), which imparts encoded calendrical, cosmological and cosmogonic information. On the protome there are marked synodic, sidereal, and draconic months; lunar, solar and draconic years, as well as different time periods - seasons and cycles. One of the images on the protome's body can be interpreted as an image of the Draco constellation around the fixed point of the North Pole in the centre of the ecliptic. The symbols of seven luminaries - the Sun, the Moon and five planets - which were known at the beginning of the first millennium are also featured on the protome. In the context of the monument, the presence of the astronomical concept of the world axis and the centre of the ecliptic means that the creators of the ram's protome perceived it as an omphalos, the sacred centre of the world, the zoomorphic model of the world mountain and the world tree. The suggestion is confirmed by the structural particularities of the protome, by the images of mythological characters and by scenes of cosmogonic motifs. The given artefact represents the conceptualisation of the world in a generalised, syncretised and interdisciplinary way through the language of astronomy, mythology and calendaristics. In the period of antiquity, time and space were perceived as a united integer and as an endless divine beginning connected with the universe and its divine essence. The calendar is an attempt to comprehend the phenomenon of an infinite and cyclic time and use it in practice during the terrestrial life.
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