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When Candidates and Vote Distribution Matter: A New Indicator of Electoral Competitiveness

100%
Gherghina S., Tseng H.-K.
ASK. Research and Methods
|
2012
|
vol. 21
|
issue 1
55-68
EN
The electoral competitiveness among candidates vying for single elected positions (e.g. president, members of parliament single member districts, or candidates for the party leadership) lacks an appropriate measurement. This study reevaluates previous measurements and proposes a new indicator that accounts for the interaction between the number of candidates and the distribution of votes. The resulting indicator overcomes the oversensitivity problem associated with earlier specification and provides better competitiveness estimate for various electoral settings. Its applicability is universal and allows for cross-cases and longitudinal comparisons for a wide variety of single-winner elections.
2
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ABECEDA AKO NÁSTROJ ÚSPECHU. PRÍPAD REGIONÁLNYCH VOLIEB NA SLOVENSKU

88%
Spáč P., Voda P., Zagrapan J.
Sociológia (Sociology)
|
2016
|
vol. 48
|
issue 1
71 - 90
EN
This paper deals with the name order of candidates and its influence on results in regional elections in Slovakia. Using a dataset of 8,881 persons we found that candidates with names from both the beginning and the end of the alphabet are clearly advantaged when compared to their rivals. These candidates occupy the front and bottom positions on the ballot lists what increases their likelihood of becoming elected. Hence the system used in regional elections in Slovakia fails to be neutral as it treats the candidates differently on an unjustifiable basis.
3
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POLITICAL CAMPAIGN IN THE AGE OF OMNIPOTENT MASS MEDIA

75%
Dančišinová L.
Annales Scientia Politica
|
2015
|
vol. 4
|
issue 2
80 – 86
EN
At present, the mass media have a profound influence on political communication. The relationship between the mass media and politics is complicated and can be seen as a fight to win the better position. That is why politicians have been constantly trying to set the rules of their media presentation. In the case of United States presidential debates, the candidates have managed to take control over the production of official televised debates. The Memoranda of Understanding signed and pre-negotiated by two major U. S. political parties before televised presidential debates represent examples of political manipulation of the media. In this study, we analyse the Memorandum of 1992 in order to answer some of the criticisms in order to understand the process of political distortion of reality.
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