Search results

1

AMERICAN MODELS OF CONSUMPTION

100%

Grzeszczyk E.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2004

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vol. 48

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issue 4

125-146

EN

The aim of the paper is to analyse the models of consumption which have evolved in the American culture. In the course of the history of the American society several such models co-existed, some of them have always been popular, others emerged at a specific moment of history and evolved into specific forms. Three dominant models of consumption in American culture are discussed: the puritan model (formed under the influence of the protestant ethic), the veblenesque model (consumption as a way of signalling social status) and the model of contemporary hedonist (based on the theory of Colin Campbell). Additionally, each of these models has some variations. The authoress describes certain social groups whose patterns of consumption are characteristic for a given model. The criterion used for differentiating the afore-mentioned models is the dominant motivation inducing an individual to consume in a specific manner. The models of consumption described by the authoressr are characteristic not only for American culture but also for the cultures of advanced capitalism. One can also observe certain analogies in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, undergoing the process of transformation.

2

CONSUMPTION OF FOOD IN POLAND AND EUROPEAN UNION-15 IN YEARS 1993-2008 (Spozycie artykulow zywnosciowych w Polsce w porownaniu ze spozyciem w Unii Europejskiej-15 w latach 1993-2008)

100%

Fajczak-Kowalska A. J., Motowidlak U. M.

Pieniądze i Więź

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2010

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vol. 13

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issue 4(49)

191-199

EN

The article presents consumption of selected foodstuffs in Poland in comparison with consumption in selected countries of the European Union. The article shows changes that have taken place in the volume of consumption in the years 1993-2008. The analysis was based on primary data obtained from GUS and Eurostat, and with the help of descriptive econometric models. The analysis shows that, in relation to food consumption in Poland the overall downward trend should be noted throughout the period. However, in relation to food consumption in the EU countries it can be seen that the average annual consumption of sugar in all the countries remained at an equal level. Cereal consumption is highest in Greece, while it is lowest in the Netherlands. Finland is a country with the highest intake of milk, whereas the inhabitants of Greece consume the lowest amounts of it. Spain, Denmark and France are leading in consumption of meat per capita, while the lowest meat consumption is in Finland.

3

The Effect of Wealth on Consumption Expenditures: Cross Country and Cross Socio-Demographic Group Comparisons

100%

Sierminska E., Takhtamanova Y.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

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2008

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issue 20

68-95

EN

This study is a contribution to literature on the impact of wealth on consumption (the wealth effect). We assess within- and between-country differences in the housing and financial wealth effect and analyze these differences according to socio-demographic characteristics. Our interest in separating the wealth effect into two is motivated by increases in housing prices in many industrialized countries. The fact that many developed countries are undergoing demographic changes prompted us to consider the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics and wealth effects. Differences are found in the magnitudes of financial and housing wealth effects by age, gender, as well as family composition of the households in all three countries. This paper reports some of the first findings based on data from a new source, the Luxembourg Wealth Study (LWS), built within the larger Luxembourg Income Study (LIS). LWS is a database containing harmonized wealth micro-datasets from a number of industrialized countries. In our analysis we use data from three countries: Canada, Finland and Italy.

4

FOOD DEMAND AND CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN THE NEW EU MEMBER STATES: THE CASE OF SLOVAKIA

80%

Cupák A., Pokrivčák J., Rizov M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2015

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vol. 63

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issue 4

339 – 358

EN

We estimate a food demand system for Slovakia using a recent Household Budget Survey data collected by the Slovak statistical office covering the period 2004 – 2010. The Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) augmented with demographic, regional and expenditure controls is employed based on preliminary non-parametric Engel curve analysis. Results indicate that demand for dairy products and fruits and vegetables is expenditure and own-price elastic indicating that such goods is perceived as luxuries. On the other hand, commodity bundles such as cereals, meat and fish and other food are found to be normal goods with positive budget elasticity smaller than one and price inelastic demand. Rural and low-income households appear more expenditure and, especially, price sensitive compared with the urban and high-income ones. Overall the food consumption patterns changed and food security situation improved in Slovakia between 2004 and 2010.

5

MULTICRITERIAL HIERARCHY METHODS APPLIED IN CONSUMPTION DEMAND ANALYSIS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA

80%

Bob C.

Contemporary Economics

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2008

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issue 1(5)

23-34

EN

The basic information for computing the quantitative statistical indicators, that characterize the demand of industrial products and services are collected by the national statistics organizations, through a series of statistical surveys (most of them periodical and partial). The source for data we used in the present paper is an statistical investigation organized by the National Institute of Statistics, 'Family budgets survey' that allows to collect information regarding the households composition, income, expenditure, consumption and other aspects of population living standard. In 2005, in Romania, a person spent monthly in average 391,2 RON, meaning about 115,1 Euros) for purchasing the consumed food products and beverage, as well as non-foods products, services, investments and other taxes. 23% of this sum was spent for purchasing the consumed food products and beverages, 21.6% of the total sum was spent for purchasing non-food goods and 18,1% for payment of different services. There is a discrepancy between the different development regions in Romania, regarding total households expenditure composition. For this reason, in the present paper we applied statistical methods for ranking the various development regions in Romania, using the share of households expenditure on categories of products and services as ranking criteria.

6

Rynek środków ochrony roślin w Polsce w latach 2005-2009

80%

Piwowar A.

Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development

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2012

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issue 1(23)

86-93

EN

Chemical pesticides have a very big significance in increasing the efficiency of agricultural production. The aim of this article was to present the market of plant protection products in Poland in 2005-2009, taking into account the changes in supply, demand and prices of pesticides. The article presents the changes in the number of entities engaged in trading of plant protection products in the studied years in Poland.

7

Sotsiokulturna rol’ hroshei u protsesi spozhyvannia

80%

Nabrusko I.

Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketyng (Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing)

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2011

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issue 1

147-155

EN

The article provides a study of money functioning and dynamics of its role in consumption. Theoretical approaches to the concept “money” as a sociological category in the works of classical authors and modern researchers are examined. Although money is, first of all, a regulator of consumption, monetarization of everyday life causes the change of traditional factors of social integration. Key characteristics of socio-cultural situation are outlined in the paper. Since the process of consumption is getting beyond the limits of economic realities, money is becoming a criterion of human values. Interiorization of cultural norms and values by an individual is equated with acquiring dominating consumption practices. So, money defines the well-established quantitative limits of consumption and, at the same time, potential limitless number of propositions that can be realized during the consumption process. Specific money properties are outlined while analyzing the process of shopping as a widely used type of consumption behavior. Money is transformed from universal equivalent of commodity value into motive and stimulus for different types of activity and acquires features of cultural value.

8

PLACES NON-PLACES

80%

Nieszczerzewska M.

Kultura i Społeczeństwo

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2005

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vol. 49

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issue 1

17-36

EN

The article deals with the process of shaping modern city space. The authoress points to the following questions related to the development of post-modern metropolises: suburbanization and the disappearance of city centers, shopping malls as miniature city spaces, fringe cities as exopolis, i.e. reversed cities, and the process of thematization in the streets of famous metropolis. All the above-mentioned spaces called non-cities are characterized by the policy of exclusions, excesses of history produced for the sake of social spectacle and collective consumption. Non-cities are also objects of speculation, major construction, i.e. corporate public spaces.

9

Sesteynovaya ekonomika kak osnova perehoda k sesteynovomu razvitiyu

80%

Melnyk L. G.

Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky

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2014

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vol. 4 (66)

9-23

EN

The concept of “sustainable development” and “sustainable economy” is analyzed. The Russian equivalent “sesteynovy” is suggested for the English term «sustainable». Needed features of SE such as renewable resources base, dematerialization, innovative orientation, close to nature, used processes and cycles, social orientation and so on are analyzed. Such directions for sustainable economy (SE) as (1) transformation of material-energy component; (2) improvement of information programs of economic systems; (3) improvement of synergetic base; (4) increase of self-organization level are formulated. The sustainable consumption as an important component of sustainable economy is studied. A comparative analysis of traditional (industrial) and sustainable economy is given. Preconditions for development of sustainable economy in Ukraine are investigated. Key components for knowledge formation in the field of sustainable economy such as the contents and principles of sustainable development and SE; greener demand and greener supply; social institutes and democratic values as preconditions of SE; anatomy of sustainable consumption; reproduction of human factors for SE; the best EU practices for SE development; future of SE are studied.

10

SPOTREBA A VÝSKUM REÁLNE EXISTUJÚCEHO SOCIALISMU

80%

Búriková Z.

Etnologické rozpravy (Ethnological Disputes)

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2006

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vol. 13

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issue 2

81-91

EN

The aim of this paper is to emphasize the necessity of examining consumption for understanding of the actually existing socialism in Slovakia. The authoress intends to show that consumption was crucial for both socialist political economy and mundane life despite the fact that the communist ideology privileged the production and redistribution. In particular, consumption was an important medium where the citizens' attitudes towards the communist regime were both created and expressed. The communist party used an increase in a consumption and in fulfilling the basic needs of the citizens for the legitimization of their power. Simultaneously, the consumption became a space for the resistance against the communist regime and one of the causes of its fall.

11

THE LEVEL AND DIFFERENTIATION OF FOOD CONSUMPTION IN THE MAZOWSZE REGION (Poziom i zroznicowanie konsumpcji zywnosci w województwie mazowieckim)

80%

Halicka E., Wozniak A.

Wieś i Rolnictwo

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2010

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issue 2(147)

189-198

EN

The paper presents an analysis and evaluation of food consumption in the Mazowieckie voivodeship basing on the data of representative surveys of household budgets carried out by the Central Statistical Office (GUS). The consumption of the principal groups of foodstuffs has been compared at the voivodeship/Poland and rural/urban/Warsaw levels. The analyzed statistical data for 2006 show that the households in the Mazowieckie voivodeship are characterized by a higher than average consumption of relatively expensive food articles, with a higher indicator of the income elasticity of demand. These articles include meat (especially beef and veal), fruit juices and mineral water. Judging by the examined data food consumption in the region is, with some exceptions, higher in rural households. These exceptions include fresh and processed fruits, fruit and vegetable juices, stimulants ( tea and coffee), beef, fish, cheese and butter. Warsaw households are characterized by the highest consumption of meat, fish and cheese as well as juices and stimulants. The phenomenon of territorial differentiation of food consumption should be carefully studied, and further taken into consideration during work on instruments serving the development of the food economy in the Mazowieckie voivodeship and food policy for the region.

12

Budowa zaufania konsumenckiego jako czynnik determinujący sukces przedsiębiorstwa w warunkach kryzysu

80%

Bylok F.

Zarządzanie i Finanse

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2012

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vol. 4

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issue 1

95-110

EN

This paper describes the significance of trust in ties between an enterprise and consumers in the process of exiting a crisis situation. The author presents various approaches with relation to trust, as well as a brief description of its structure. There is emphasis placed on the theoretical assumptions of consumer trust. Consumer trust is presented in the perspective of economic theory. There is also analysis of consumer trust and indication of the necessity of its development. The types of consumer trust are also outlined by indicating the role of reputation and experience in creating a specified level of trust among the con-sumers towards the enterprise at hand. There is also a presentation of the conditioning associated with the building of trust between an enterprise and con-sumers. The application of the models for building trust are proposed, e.g. the model of the process of building trust in cyberspace, as well as the integrated model of trust in relations in terms of e-commerce.

13

DôCHODKOVÁ SITUÁCIA A FORMOVANIE SPOTREBITEĽSKÝCH ZVYKLOSTÍ OBYVATEĽSTVA SLOVENSKA

80%

Pauhofová I., Páleník M.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2005

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vol. 53

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issue 10

972-990

EN

One of the goals of this paper is to give a view of convergence of Slovakia to the EU average with comparison to other new EU member countries. It is important to determine further possibilities of changes in households' income and expenditure structure and height. Past changes in consumption are studied, in connection to development of income distribution as well as structure of income and expenditures of Slovak households.

14

Potential research directions in the sociology of consumption

80%

Hetesi E., Andics J., Veres Z.

Szociologiai Szemle (Sociological Review)

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2007

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vol. 17

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issue 3-4

115-134

EN

In the course of the history of sociology, the need of a new paradigm has emerged the 80s - the consumption orientation -, i.e. the conflict between the producer and the consumer became the new major conflict of contemporary society. At this time, the basic model of researches is the consumer society consisting of clusters of consuming micro-cultures. Typical research topics are: mode, body, consuming, and household economy. Publications of postmodem theoreticians (Lyotard, Jameson, Baudrillard) have given additional impulse. According to postmodem consumption sociology, subjects of consumption are not products or services, but the meaning they stand for. For the individuals of the postmodern society, consumption is the expression of social standing and individual well-being. Consumption as expression of taste enables to establish and retain social links. The most prominent representatives of consumption sociology are the British Cohn Campbell and the American George Ritzer. Regarding Hungarian sociology, some publications of Agnes Utasi and Elemer Hankiss can be listed here. While the sociology of consumption aims to model the structure of society by researching the consumption behavior; marketing describes consumption behavior to sociological variables (e.g. life style). The most well-known research models are EuroLifeStyle and Target Group Index. These have already been incorporated into corporate practices of marketing planning. We can expect further results from the combination of the two different research approaches.

15

THE ETHICAL DIMENSION OF CONSUMPTION IN THE LIGHT OF CHALLENGES OF XXI CENTURY (Etyczny wymiar konsumpcji w swietle wyzwan XXI wieku)

80%

Wildowicz-Giergiel A.

Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

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2009

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issue 1(41)

3-17

EN

This article is an attempt to look at consumption from an ethical point of view. It highlihts social and ecological consequences of ethical consumption that indispensably accompany the consumption process, which was already discerned in 1970s. In this context the notions of both ethical consumption and ethical consument are formulated. According to such approach the ethical consumer, having taken full moral responsibility for the amount and quality of goods and services which he consumes is able to minimize the side effects which are perceived as a result of an imperfect market mechanism. The ethical premises form the basis for the environmentalism of consumption. The ecological movements, in turn, represented a contribution to the development of the contemporary consumer movement referred to as ethical consumerism. Ethical consumers, considering consumption in terms of ethics, are trying to make consumer decisions taking into account the way in which commodities are manufactured, distributed, used and utilized. The spread of the idea of ethical consumer among societies of developed countries allowed not only the development of a certain kind of ecological consciousness but also contributed to a greater sensitivity to the problem that is inseparably connected with consumption.

16

FINANCIAL INTEGRATION BEFORE AND AFTER THE CRISIS: EULER EQUATIONS (RE)VISIT THE EUROPEAN UNION

70%

Globan T., Soriċ P.

Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)

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2017

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vol. 65

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issue 3

237 – 262

EN

This paper aims to provide a rare application of several types of Euler equation tests to estimate the degree of financial integration of 28 EU countries with the Eurozone. The analysis is done separately for risk-free and risky assets in three types of financial markets (bond, stock and money markets). To examine whether the recent crisis impacted the levels of financial integration in EU member states, all models were estimated for the entire period of available quarterly data (1995 – 2014), as well as for the pre-crisis period only. We construct an Euler integration index (EII) that measures the integration level of countries across financial markets and show that the old member states (OMS) recorded higher integration levels than the new member states (NMS) in the pre-crisis period. The crisis has considerably decreased the gap, resulting with NMS surpassing the OMS in EII values.

17

PRESADZOVANIE ZÁSAD TRVALO UDRŽATEĽNÉHO ROZVOJA AKO PROCESU PREKONÁVANIA KORISTNÍCKEHO PRINCÍPU V KULTÚRE A INŠTITÚT SPOLOČENSKEJ ZODPOVEDNOSTI FIRIEM

70%

Melkusová H.

Annales Scientia Politica

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2014

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vol. 3

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issue 1

52 – 58

EN

The acceptation of the environmental problems leads people towards the promotion of sustainable development as a mean that could help to overcome the predatory principle in the anthropologically orientated Euro-Atlantic culture. An important condition to achieve radical changes is to leave behind the consumption lifestyle and to create the mechanisms that will be able to achieve collective interests. This tendency has been shown in the market economy through the institute of Corporate Social Responsibility. This institute is a manifestation of introducing a certain form of the basic moral principles to the economical practice. CSR accepts the compliance not only of ethical standards and principles, but also social, cultural and environmental requirements for its own production.

18

BUSINESS CYCLE IN THE ECONOMY OF POLAND. OBSERVATIONS DERIVED FROM MARKOV CHAINS (Cykl koniunkturalny w Polsce. Wnioski z modeli Markowa)

70%

Fic T.

Ekonomista

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2009

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issue 1

49-65

EN

The article concentrates on the attempt to identify phases, turning points and the character of business cycle observed in Poland during 1995 - 2005. The switch-on and -off Markov models suggested by Hamilton (1989) have been applied. The obtained results indicate that during slowdown periods growth rate amounted to 2%, while during business prosperity the economy grew at the rate of 5.5% per year. Three cycles, in which similar cyclic changes in individual consumption, exports and imports as well as in inflation, have been discerned. When capital formation activities and unemployment rate are examined, the analysis points to the operation of only one cycle.

19

RITUAL AND EVERYDAY CONSUMPTION PRACTICES IN THE CZECH AND POLISH COUNTRYSIDE: CONCEIVING MODERNITY THROUGH CHANGING FOOD REGIMES

70%

Haukanes H., Pine F.

Slovenský národopis (Slovak Ethnology)

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2004

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vol. 52

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issue 2

103-121

EN

This article is concerned with consumption, and with ways in which practices. We are particularly interested in ways local preparation and consumption of food may reflect and hence give us insight into ideas and ideologies of tradition and modernity. The material we discuss comes from two former socialist countries, the Czech Republic and Poland. These countries present a particularly interesting field for comparative thinking, as both were part of a particular state-driven modernity project, that of the (post 1945) Soviet Union, and both have had to deal with the failure, and abandonment (post 1989), of that project in favour of another one with very different notions of the modern: western, globally driven, capitalism. So, in some senses, the end of communism has heralded for the people of these countries a shift in understanding of the modern, or of what it means to be modern. For Soviet systems the modern was the plan, represented in scientific socialism's vision of gigantic industrialization, the ambitious collectivization, the regulatory procedures of full (mandatory) employment in exchange for full entitlements to social services. For those living under these systems, however, particularly those in the more ambivalent satellite states such as Czechoslovakia and Poland, there was concurrently a strong emphasis, outside state discourse as well as within it, on tradition. 'Traditional' material culture, practices and ideas operated on at least two levels. On one level, they formed part of the repertoire of the socialist state, in terms of being promoted and sometimes invented in association with the state's claims to legitimacy through evocation of 'pure', even essentialist cultural identities which did not depend on or generate dangerous claims of ethnicity.. On another level, with which we are more concerned in this paper, they were associated with the family, with local identity or belonging, and with the nation. In these latter contexts they frequently served to contest the modernist project associated with external regulation, rules and the machinery of the (intrusive, Soviet directed) state. We focus here particularly on food and consumption as they epitomize changing understandings of what constitutes traditional and modern aesthetics and practices. Any examination of food brings with it at least some consideration of family and kinship. The importance of food in constituting kinship has been demonstrated in many anthropological studies: for example, how kinship is performed through commensality; how generational hierarchy is reflected in the etiquette of meals or more simply in access to or share of food. Food is central in family-life, not only in so-called traditional societies, but also in the Western world; the sharing of food is seen as a key to 'proper family relations' while a perceived evaporation of family meals is portrayed as a threat to the basic structures of society.

20

CHANGES IN THE USE OF POTATOES IN POLAND AND SITUATION ON THE MARKET OF STARCH

70%

Rejman K., Halicka E.

Wieś i Rolnictwo

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2005

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issue 4(129)

199-211

EN

Poland is the largest producer of potatoes in the European Union and the sixth largest producers of potatoes in the world. About 60% of potatoes gathered in Poland are used by farms. Production of potatoes destined for the market accounts for approximately 27% of the total domestic production of that vegetable and it is used in equal parts for the purposes of consumption and the needs of the potato processing industry. Consumption has been recently showing a downward trend, which is attributable to the diminishing consumption of non-processed potatoes since the consumption of processed potato products is on the rise. The changing needs of consumers create opportunities for a wider application of starch and its derivatives. The demand for products supplied by the potato sector is stimulated by a wide of range of possible applications in more than 50 branches of the processing industry and mainly in the food and confectionery industries, in the industry producing food concentrates, in the meat industry as well as in the industries producing fodders and pharmaceuticals, in the paper, chemical and textile industries. The mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy, which regulate the market of potato starch, have intensified competition in the sector. It should be also noted that in global terms that rivalry has a geographical dimension - the US market and the Asian markets, and that potato starch is losing competition to grain starch.

Refine search results

AMERICAN MODELS OF CONSUMPTION

CONSUMPTION OF FOOD IN POLAND AND EUROPEAN UNION-15 IN YEARS 1993-2008 (Spozycie artykulow zywnosciowych w Polsce w porownaniu ze spozyciem w Unii Europejskiej-15 w latach 1993-2008)

The Effect of Wealth on Consumption Expenditures: Cross Country and Cross Socio-Demographic Group Comparisons

FOOD DEMAND AND CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN THE NEW EU MEMBER STATES: THE CASE OF SLOVAKIA

MULTICRITERIAL HIERARCHY METHODS APPLIED IN CONSUMPTION DEMAND ANALYSIS. THE CASE OF ROMANIA

Rynek środków ochrony roślin w Polsce w latach 2005-2009

Sotsiokulturna rol’ hroshei u protsesi spozhyvannia

PLACES NON-PLACES

Sesteynovaya ekonomika kak osnova perehoda k sesteynovomu razvitiyu

SPOTREBA A VÝSKUM REÁLNE EXISTUJÚCEHO SOCIALISMU

THE LEVEL AND DIFFERENTIATION OF FOOD CONSUMPTION IN THE MAZOWSZE REGION (Poziom i zroznicowanie konsumpcji zywnosci w województwie mazowieckim)

Budowa zaufania konsumenckiego jako czynnik determinujący sukces przedsiębiorstwa w warunkach kryzysu

DôCHODKOVÁ SITUÁCIA A FORMOVANIE SPOTREBITEĽSKÝCH ZVYKLOSTÍ OBYVATEĽSTVA SLOVENSKA

Potential research directions in the sociology of consumption

THE ETHICAL DIMENSION OF CONSUMPTION IN THE LIGHT OF CHALLENGES OF XXI CENTURY (Etyczny wymiar konsumpcji w swietle wyzwan XXI wieku)

FINANCIAL INTEGRATION BEFORE AND AFTER THE CRISIS: EULER EQUATIONS (RE)VISIT THE EUROPEAN UNION

PRESADZOVANIE ZÁSAD TRVALO UDRŽATEĽNÉHO ROZVOJA AKO PROCESU PREKONÁVANIA KORISTNÍCKEHO PRINCÍPU V KULTÚRE A INŠTITÚT SPOLOČENSKEJ ZODPOVEDNOSTI FIRIEM

BUSINESS CYCLE IN THE ECONOMY OF POLAND. OBSERVATIONS DERIVED FROM MARKOV CHAINS (Cykl koniunkturalny w Polsce. Wnioski z modeli Markowa)

RITUAL AND EVERYDAY CONSUMPTION PRACTICES IN THE CZECH AND POLISH COUNTRYSIDE: CONCEIVING MODERNITY THROUGH CHANGING FOOD REGIMES

CHANGES IN THE USE OF POTATOES IN POLAND AND SITUATION ON THE MARKET OF STARCH