Search results

1

The Under— and Overestimation Effects in Comparative Judgments — Assimilation and Contrast Mechanisms

100%

Cypryanska M., Zavala d. A.

Polish Psychological Bulletin

|

2008

|

vol. 39

|

issue 4

217-225

EN

The aim of the studies presented in this paper was to propose a new explanation of under- and overestimation effects in comparative judgments. The fundamental assumption of this new interpretation is that in comparative judgments ('the object X in comparison with the object Y' type) the target is contrasted with the comparison standard when the compared objects seem generally dissimilar and assimilated to the standard when the objects seem generally similar. In a series of three studies students were asked to compare the chances of certain events occurring to two objects (self vs. classmate vs. the average person). The direction of comparison was manipulated. Generally, when the more salient object was compared to the less salient object, irrespective of the valence of the events, the overestimation effects occurred only in case of frequent events and the underestimation effects only in case of rare events. The reversal of direction of comparisons yielded the clear reduction of comparative bias.

2

Any into Spanish: A corpus-based analysis of a translation problem

88%

Rabadan R.

Linguistica Pragensia

|

2011

|

vol. 21

|

issue 2

57-69

EN

This paper has a double aim: i) to empirically establish the functions naturally expressed by any and those of one of its Spanish counterparts, specifically cualquier(a) so as to identify possible cross-linguistic transfer; ii) to illustrate a high-performing methodological procedure. A set of tools, among them an ad hoc tertium comparationis consisting of a set of cross-linguistic labels, a parallel corpus (P-ACTRES) and a reference corpus (CREA) are used to explore: i) the uses of any in context and the resulting translation environments served by cualquiera; ii) the degree of matching between translated cualquier(a) and its non-translated usage in standard European Spanish. The corpus-based procedure follows basically Krzeszowski's contrastive model (1990) with the addition of a 'target language fit' stage (Chesterman, 2004). The analysis shows different behaviour in translated and nontranslated Spanish: Cualquier(a) is underused as a translation option for 'existential' any and acquires a new function, 'negative', which is not a possibility in non-translated language for the same contexts. The analysis also corroborates the usefulness and the replicability of the methodological procedure.

3

On the development of human vision

75%

Kovacs I.

Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

|

2005

|

vol. 60

|

issue 3

309-326

EN

This study concentrates on two relevant dimensions within which the developmental patterns can be mapped. The Local-Integrative Dimension describes the capacity to spatially integrate local features across the visual field in order to generate object boundaries. While local processes are available at an early age, our preliminary findings demonstrate a slowly developing capacity for the integration of orientation information across the visual field. The Local-Integrative Dimension is associated with posterior brain areas. The Action-Perception Dimension is related to the fact that our visual engagements in the world are mediated by at least two parallel neural systems that have been shaped by phylo- and ontogenetic pressures. A very early commitment of brain structures might be required in the occipitoparietal or dorsal visual stream that mediates visuomotor control; while slower maturation, more flexibility, and later commitment might be permitted, or even favored in other cases, such as in environmentally cued classification of objects and events mediated by the occipitotemporal or ventral visual stream.

Refine search results

1 Linguistica Pragensia

1 Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)

1 Polish Psychological Bulletin

1 Cypryanska M.

1 Kovacs I.

1 Rabadan R.

1 Zavala d. A.

1 2011

1 2008

1 2005

The Under— and Overestimation Effects in Comparative Judgments — Assimilation and Contrast Mechanisms

Any into Spanish: A corpus-based analysis of a translation problem

On the development of human vision