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EN
The article shows the characteristic feature of Leszek Kolakowski's philosophical work; his tendency to treat each interpretation as a kind of stage creation. A protagonist of every discussed world-view offers discursive and argumentative intellectual possibilities that are followed by another creation. That is why the force of this philosophy does not consist in organic systematic thinking but in continuing presentation of mental possibilities and making them debatable.
EN
The purpose of this article is to reflect on the biblical concept of covenant in the context of a care for planet earth. The paper first introduces briefly the content of the Old Testament berít, discusses Adam’s task of cultivating and guarding the Garden of Eden, emphasizes the importance of viewing the environment as a “gift”, and reflects on the implications of this perspective for each of us. Referring to Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato si’, the study stresses the need for ecological conversion. It mentions St. Francis of Assisi and his profound perception of the world as a common home in which all living creatures have a place and in which the Holy Trinity is mysteriously present. The New Covenant is given over to reflections on the relationship between ecology and the Eucharist, as once presented by Ioannis Zizioulas. We believe that Orthodoxy is a precious source of inspiration for the issue of environmental protection, not only for the Orthodox and the Catholics, but also for all people of good will who are open to Christian values.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2013
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vol. 41
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issue 1
61 - 75
EN
In this paper I briefly examine the idea that a certain moderate version of pantheism (hence, strictly speaking, of panentheism) can be both formulated and maintained within Leibniz’s mature philosophical system. I argue that this pan(en)theistic programme fails, however, because it violates his non-negotiable principles concerning God, creation, and created substances.
4
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Poznanie jako process twórczy

80%
EN
In this article, creation is presented as the integral part of the process of cognition. Division of the perceptual field into figure and background is a symptom of creation’s presence in process of cognition. Its effects is the construction of observation which consists of sensation and information (J. Gibson’s theory) or of top-bottom and bottom-top information processing (cognitive theories). The consequences of the close relationship between creation and cognition are some creators’ deviations (in plus or in minus) from the so-called psychological norms.
EN
In this article the author tries to paint an outline of the idea of creation, as it is presented by the 2nd century Apologetes. The dependence of the existence of the universe on a transcendent God is central for Christian thinking. The author is aware that in the light of the longstanding and complex conflict between two extreme ideas in the history of human thought, namely evolution and creation, and the overall domination of nature science, this message may not receive proper acceptance. This, however, was not the purpose of formulating it. The basic intention of the author is to bring close to the present-day reader the sources and methods employed to develop the concept of creatio ex nihilo in the primary phase of its formulation – a concept which is often denied or stigmatized as unscholarly. It is difficult, when studying the writings of the 2nd century Apologetes, to avoid the impression that their intention was to create a compact and comprehensive theologico-philosophical system, This system was to be an exposition of basic Christian truths, and later – after the falldown of Greek power and the weakening of the role of Rome as a sponsor of philosophical schools – to form the substructure for a culture of thought. The attempts of these Christian thinkers to present the relationship between God and creation were supposed not only to stop a process of decline, but also, and more important, they should lead to deeper philosophical reflection. The following article is supposed to show that the relationship between God, the world and man, according to the teaching of the Apologetes, has its beginning and finds its fullest explanation in the omnipotence, wisdom and goodness of the transcendent, personal God, who is the First Cause and the principle of the existence of man and the world. This God, the Apologetes add, has spoken out through his Word-Logos, whom they occasionally compared to the Platonian demiurg.
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2010
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vol. 64
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issue 2-3(289-290)
190-194
EN
The topos of sacrificing the home (conceived not as a dwelling but as a 'community of love') on the altar of art dates back to antiquity, although its strongest resonance took place in the nineteenth century. It is present in, i. a, the reflections of Nietzsche and Schopenhauer, in which man's greatness, symbolised by the saint and the genius, is closely connected with solitude. Homelessness/solitude is, therefore, not only hopelessness and abandonment but also, according to Levinas, courage, pride and sovereignty. It assists the artist in attaining inner autonomy, sets free the power to understand, and favours raising oneself above human measure. Only (absolute!) solitude reveals that which is most important: it is the condition for discovering the truth. The shape of a tower assumed by the studios of Hubert von Herkomer or Carl Gustav Jung, ostentatiously inaccessible to others, should be recognised as a spectacular manifestation of the artist's inner exile. The category of homelessness is also associated with a train station waiting room, which for Simone Weil comprised a sui generis niche for reflection, or the hotel room, in which Albert Camus wrote. It is by no means an accident that the formal and ideological model for images of the atelier, universal in painting, was the depiction of St. Jerome or St. Augustine in their workshops. After all, they comprise a representation of the supreme form of a free and beautiful life - bios theoretical, or the Latin vita contemplative - a life consisting of contemplating that which is beautiful because it is invariable, eternal and divine, and thus of studying the truth and philosophising. The exhibition entitled 'The home - the path of being' shows that solitude, alienation and escapism are still part of quite a few programmes of the artist's studio, with considerable space taken up by paintings featuring the motif of the atelier. The Vast Studio by Jerzy Mierzejewski, suffused with light and silence, seems to indicate the supernatural source of creative inspiration. Only such conditions can give rise to a vision and then witness the miracle of its embodiment into a work. After all, it was believed that the creative act consists of a transcendence, a transition from the sphere of the profanum to that of the sacrum, an opinion of a different perspective, a change in the manner of perception. This is a great mystery. Although today such an approach is rare, upon certain occasions the studio is still treated as an exceptional and magical site, marked with sanctity. 'We lived in a house that resembled a Buddhist or Hindu monastery' - the painter Jerzy Cwiertnia recently spoke about the home-studio shared with his daughter, also a painter. 'When Nowosielski came to visit' - recalled Jerzy Tchórzewski - 'I received him in the flat. At a certain moment Jurek said: 'It's very pleasant here, but let's move to the studio. You know, there is always something holy in a studio'. True - I thought, since one enters the studio just as any other place that offers contact with another sphere, in a normal fashion, but leaves it in a special manner - via the paintings'.
EN
The article analyzes the problem of love and sexuality in the compositions of Ukrainian writers in the 1920s who were the creators of “vitaism’s romance.” The creation of M. Hvylovyi and I. Dniprovskyi is lightened in the context of A. Bergson’s philosophy of vitalism and in The Decline of the West by O. Shpengler. Their prose is observed through the prism of psychoanalytic theories. A special attention is given to the distinguishing and creative functions of eroticism in the compositions of M. Hvylovyi, to the Endymionic tune in the achievements of I. Dniprovskyi, and also to the problems of correlation in artistic thinking of writers with the reality.
EN
The aim of the paper is to show that the concept of four states of atman in the early Upanishads (Brhadaranyaka, Chandogya, Aitareya) is conceived as cessation of the subjective-objective cognition conveyed in a reverse order to the creation seen as the appearance of such cognition.
9
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Věcné styly ve vzdělávání bohemistů-cizinců

70%
Bohemistyka
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2015
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vol. 15
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issue 2
173 - 178
EN
In the higher stage of linguistic studies, including foreigners, should occupy a prominent place substantive issues of factual styles, because the factual communiqué forms a major part of the professional activity of scientists, translators, interpreters and teachers. The study presents the objectives, content, methods and forms of activity in this discipline based on the author's experience with the teaching of foreigners, most recently at the Institute of Czech Studies at the Faculty of Arts.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2018
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vol. 73
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issue 8
647 – 659
EN
This article analyses the epistemological status of work of art. It starts with two propositions. The first one is an ontological proposition: (1) “Something new emerges in the creation of a work of art”. The second proposition is: (2) “A work of art can be the result / means of research and brings knowledge”. At first sight, the two theses contradict each other. If we understand the work of art as the result of research (2), we are expecting that it is a representation of reality independent of that work. However, if the work of art creates reality (1), then we are dealing with ontological constructivism where we do not distinguish between reality and its representation. The paper suggests the perspective within which we can answer the question in what sense art may bring us knowledge (2) and maintain the proposition (1) at the same time.
11
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MAN AS CREATOR (Czlowiek jako tworca)

70%
EN
One of the criteria distinguishing man from other animals is creative activity. It requires identifying the relation of resources to the objective and a conscious decision to accomplish it. The objective must be something new, something that has never been there before. Creative thinking most often results from the needs. Needs in life provoke people to make discoveries and design inventions. This is how civilization comes into existence. As social beings, men strive to share their experiences with others. Thanks to this, culture comes into existence, covering artistic creation - iconic or symbolic. Not only does it assume special talents, but also training, in order to develop factors making up a creative personality. In the field of technological creation, various heuristic methods are used to find algorithms for solving problems. Artistic creation is less algorithmized since human psyche is complicated and differs significantly from a machine. Nevertheless, also in this sphere he application of heuristic methods is recommended, such as: data collection, leaving time for its subconscious analysis, realizing the results of brain work and checking them by comparison to other solutions. With the help of various exercises it is possible to develop ingenuity. Synectics deals with this as a creative training facilitating searching for new ways. Contemporary research into creation emphasizes the influence of environmental factors. It is essential in the sphere of children's creation, which constitutes one of the significant subjects of interest for heuristic.
EN
In this paper, we focus our attention on the changes in the formal creation of the text in the current conditions of the digital era and especially on how the visual appearance of the text and its graphic processing is changing. Digital technologies, which enable the processing of information and its dissemination, especially in virtual space, play an important role in the expansion of word processing. Visual and graphic means of word processing appear marginally in traditional stylistic works. Therefore, we follow up on this link and try to point out the current possibilities of graphic word processing. In connection with the interactive view of communication, it is necessary to deal with pluralistic tendencies in the creation and reception of the text.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2011
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vol. 39
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issue 3
35-56
EN
When we ask about freedom in the most basic sense, we must turn to the primordial conditions of our volition. My will is born as forestalling a fellow human being’s gradual sinking in my inside. My primary challenge is a continuous struggle for self-improvement as well as making myself worthy of his trust. This, in turn, requires trust in his infinite value to endlessly bear him witness. The Creative Act consists the Creator’s in putting faith in his creature – a human being. It is the Creator who calls out of my depth for absolute entrusting a fellow human being and thus himself. Therefore, my actions and behaviour also affect him to some extent. The Creator’s faith in my person must be understood as an infinite love. And honestly, the notion of infinitive love is one for which I begin to fear. My anxiety becomes a part of the Creator’s. This is his fear of my fear, the fear which belongs to me as to a finite creature, and the fear of being paralysed by the infinite extent of his infinite love. The fear of the infinite Creator who puts his faith in a finite creature must be infinite. By trusting the Creator I begin to sense his love and his fear of my anxiety. Then his fear becomes my fear which turns out to be infinite as the fear of an infinite creature who trusts an infinite Creator also has to be infinite.
14
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Teologie stvoření člověka a paleoantropologie

61%
EN
The author asks himself, how to reconcile the ontological jump, i.e. infusion of the soul into the body prepared by the evolution, with the non-dualistic message of the Scriptures and the corresponding teaching of the Magisterium. The author sees another dilema between the Christian anthropology on one side and the discoveries of paleoanthropology on the other side. This leads to the concern about the criteria for the acknowledgement of the individuals at a certain stage in the evolution of man as human beings. It seems likely that the process of hominisation was gradual and that God created man through evolution both in the corporal as well as in the spiritual area. However, the theologian is aware also of other related burning questions: What about the salvation of hominids and those forms of humankind, which were not fully developed? How will their resurrection probably look like? At the end the author comes to the conclusioni that we are facing here the mystery of protology, which won't be brought to light until the moment of the full knowledge of eschatology, because only the ultimate goal reveals the meaning of the whole process.
15
61%
ESPES
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2018
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vol. 7
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issue 2
14 – 32
EN
The text introduces the reader to the teaching method of problem setting, its solution by introducing and applying theoretical concepts, conceptual analysis of the selected work and consistent support for the context and the co-text of the work. He chooses examples from the contemporary scene of fine arts and aims to provide a reasoned interpretation of the work. He relies on Goodman's terms of denotation, exemplification, and expression. The metaphorical exemplification, the expression is broken down by the perspective of the cognitive perspectives of the first and third person on the experience and empathic component, relying on the theory of artefiletics. It opens and solves the problem of the relationship between the relative objective dances of the work, its inter subjectively anchored interpretation, and the subjectively perceived experience of the work. Creation is understood as a way of knowing.
EN
The study deals with the myth of a “creator” and his “creation” in two dramatic texts by two Romanian authors: Lucian Blaga´s Master Manole and Mircea Eliade ś Endless Pillar. Both authors found inspiration in the folk ballad Master Manole which deals with the myth of the human creation and the necessity of self-sacrifice. The dramas Master Manole and Endless Pillar, each of them in its own way, introduce the creator controlled by his own work desiring to detach itself from him. Thus it becomes for them the destructive power, as well as the way which can lead them to permanence and sacredness. Mircea Eliade studied myths also from the scientific point of view. That is why the introductory part has been devoted to the general issues of myths and their role in the spiritual life of Romanian people. The second part of the study concentrates on the specific features and symbolic character of each individual text and it is an attempt to define their common, unifying elements other than the common topic.
EN
Intensification of competition at the market requires paying more attention to marketing communication issues. Marketing communication based on effective communication strategy including the using of optimal communication mix can be considered just as a source of competitive advantage for service-base enterprises in tourism, too. That is why the authors focused their research on this issue. The article presents partly results and conclusions of theoretical research and also empirical survey of marketing communication of service-base enterprises in tourism from region Liptov. In the last part of the article they present one of the options or ways how to optimize decision-making process of the marketing communication tools choosing or the optimal communication mix compilation. They give the example of the application of multi-criterion valuation of more variants/alternatives. Decision making process is supported by programme Expert Choice.
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