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1

Patterns of emotional expression displayed by football players after they score a goal - Historical and cross-cultural comparisons

100%
Sorokowski P.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2007
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vol. 38
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issue 2
99-109
EN
The article describes the process of 'brutalization' of emotional expression, which is potentially observed after achieving success at sports over the years. The hypothesis was to test the phenomenon that a 'restrained - gentleman' image of a sportsman should be substituted (due to the efficiency requirement) by a 'warrior' image. A 'warrior' generates and sustains his emotion of anger in order to use it as a means to achieve success in sports. During a certain experiment, the participants (n=40) were supposed to estimate the tension of emotion visible in the actual behavior of football players, after they scored stricken a goal in significant football tournaments (over the years 1930 - 2004). The outcome evidently shows that presently, football players tend to express much more anger and other negative emotions than their predecessors in analogical circumstances from two decades earlier. The results allow us to think that the process of 'brutalization' of emotional expression after scoring a goal can be observed among football players from Europe and Africa, to a significantly lesser degree among football players from Asia, but it does not occur among football players from South America. The results are discussed in the context of differences in expression of emotions after kicking a goal among players from different cultures.
2

Udzielanie pomocy w poradnictwie międzykulturowym przy wykorzystaniu metody Mapowania Przestrzeni Życiowej

100%
Słowik A.
Teraźniejszość – Człowiek – Edukacja
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2012
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issue 2(58)
77-96
EN
A modern human being is more and more often aware that they have to come to terms with the ambiguity and multidimensional character of ‘events’ in their own biography. However, a new ‘organisation’ of one’s life requires to undertake actions and educational efforts to ‘tell’ one’s own biography, which is accompanied by active formulation (but also solution) of problems. The counsellors who work with people coming from other cultural areas than they do, seek methods and tools which will be effective in the work with ‘non-traditional’ people who seek guidance. Such a possibility ‘is provided’ by the method of live space map, which may be treated not only as a method of work in the counselling field, but also as a way of acquiring biographic knowledge in the process of learning. The educational episodes which appear in life and problems connected thereto are treated as challenges and should be considered by individuals in the category of educational chances.
3

Over de transfer van Poolse cultuurgebonden elementen bij de vertaling. Enkele theoretische overwegingen

100%
Tryczyńska K.
Neerlandica Wratislaviensia
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2010
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vol. 19
159-173
EN
Translation of literature which refers to the cultural code being a communication tool of a certain community poses a significant challenge. The Dutch translator of Dukla, Karol Lesman, encountered and had to face difficulties resulting from certain cultural differences. The author discusses firstly the theoretical side of this matter, and secondly focuses on the outlined problems and on some of the choices made by the translator so as to draw conclusions concerning the consequences these decisions have for the outcome of the translation process and to state to what extent the couleur locale of the source text has been preserved. The topic in question is analyzed from the perspective of the target text reader using the example of some aspects whichappeared to be vital for the research.
4
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GROWTH IN EXPATRIATE EFFICIENCY: OVERCOMING DIFFICULTIES

100%
Szwiec P.
Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi
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2009
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issue 5(70)
27-38
EN
In our globalizing world, the matter of international worker management is becoming more and more important. An international worker is a person who is sent to work in an organization that is located abroad, where that person spends at least one year. Such people come up against many problems connected with cultural differences in the new workplace. Management practice mainly uses selection oriented at attracting people with qualities facilitating cultural adaptation and cross-cultural training in order to limit these problems. The article discusses application of these two practices. Specifically, problems relating to individual traits useful in efficient work by international workers, cultural adaptation, and various kinds of cross-cultural training and its methods are described.
5
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Świat Wysp Kanaryjskich oczami Alonso Quesady na przykładzie tłumaczenia na polski opowiadań ze zbioru Kanaryjczyk

75%
Deditius S.
Studia Iberystyczne
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2009
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vol. 8
333-342
EN
This paper presents three translation strategies applied to selected fragments of the texts from Insulario [1982] by Alonso Quesada (1886-1925), whose works have never been earlier translated into Polish. Particular attention is paid to the difficulties in translation of the realistic background details of the early 20th century on the Canary Islands and in bringing this world closer to a contemporary Polish reader.
6

RISKY CHOICE AND AFFECTIVE FORECASTING: LOSS AVERSION IN TWO CULTURALLY DIFFERENT STUDENT SAMPLES

75%
Bacova V., Juskova T.
Studia Psychologica
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2009
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vol. 51
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issue 4
329-342
EN
The presented study had two main aims. The first was to compare loss aversion in risky choices and anticipated loss aversion in predicting one's emotions in response to future loss. The second aim was to compare both kinds of loss aversion in two culturally different samples of university students (175 students in Slovakia, mean age 21.4, and 124 students in Ecuador, mean age 22.9). The research hypotheses were based on the assumption of loss aversion universality. The authoresses summarized research results as follows: 1. Ecuadorean students showed a significantly lower loss aversion than Slovaks in risky choice. 2. They found unexpectedly that results of 'affective forecasting' indicated a near absence of loss aversion in anticipating loss/gain in the Ecuadorean sample. 3. Correlation between loss aversion in risky choice and anticipated loss aversion was to some extent present only in the Slovak sample and was not present in the Ecuadorean sample. The results of their research join those findings that indicate the need to correct the universalistic point of view in basic decision making models and the need to learn and include cultural variations in how different cultures perceive the world in decision models.
7

CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN MOTIVATION TO LEARN (Kulturalis kulonbsegek a tanulasi motivacioban)

75%
Gordon-Gyori J.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
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2009
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vol. 64
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issue 1
293-228
EN
As it was proven by a number of researches, learning motivations are cultural constructs. This article is reviewing some of the special cultural differences between the Euro-American and East-Asian culture in this field. East-Asian students have a less consistent self-concept and lower self-esteem than their Western peers have; however - despite the expectations based on Western constructs of motivation theory - their achievement is not influenced by these factors negatively. This fact shows that learning achievement and the previous factors are relatively independent in case of East-Asian students. In their achievement attribution East-Asian students tend to put a stronger stress on the importance of effort than on the importance of abilities; ability is rather a flexible entity according to their opinion. Furthermore, they connect their explanations on their achievement to their social context; their explanations are less individualistic then their Western peers' explanations. In case of East-Asian students, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are less separable than in case of the Euro-American students. Multiple goal theory has a better explanatory value in East-Asian students' case compared to the Western students. Without overcoming the traditional dichotomy of the Western notion of intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, it is impossible to describe East-Asian students' motivational patterns. Also, social loafing as a typical response to group situations in the classroom is less evident among East-Asian students. All these examples prove that traditional Western approach to learning motivation is not sufficient to explain the East-Asian students' pattern in learning motivation, so it is seriously important to change on the ethnocentricism of the traditional Western approach in this field in time of globalization.
8

ANTICIPATED LOSS AVERSION FOR SMALL AND LARGE AMOUNTS OF MONEY IN CULTURALLY DIFFERENT (SLOVAKIA, POLAND, BOLIVIA) UNIVERSITY STUDENT SAMPLES

63%
Bacova V., Brezina I., Lesniak A.
Studia Psychologica
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2010
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vol. 52
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issue 4
315-326
EN
The aim of this study was to verify whether students in different cultures (with assumed distinct degrees of individualism-collectivism) anticipate their emotions in relation to loss differently and whether there are differences between anticipating one's emotions at losing small versus large sums of money in each sample. Three samples of university students (181 in Slovakia, 126 in Poland and 103 in Bolivia), mean age 21-22 years, were studied. No gender differences were found in any of the samples. Slovak and Polish students expressed anticipated loss aversion for greater sums of money and reversed loss aversion for small sums of money. Bolivian students showed no anticipated loss aversion either for small or large sums of money. Neither sample showed a relation between anticipated loss aversion and individualism-collectivism. Loss aversion in risky choices was observed in all samples; however, more students from Bolivia were willing to accept a greater financial loss than Slovak and Polish students. Higher individualism correlated with lower level of loss aversion in risky choices in the Slovak and Polish samples. The limits of the study are discussed in conclusion.
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