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1

Nigeria’s Foreign Reserves and the Challenges of Development, 1960–2010

100%
Aborisade A. S.
West Bohemian Historical Review
|
2018
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
89-112
EN
Since independence in 1960, the Nigerian state has struggled to earn for itself a respectable position globally. Scholars of various disciplines such as economics, political science, sociology and history through their works, have examined those resources that enhance the country’s economic potentials. Resources such as cocoa, groundnut, palm oil and palm kernel which served as the country’s export potentials as well as foreign exchange earnings before crude oil export became the kernel of Nigeria’s foreign exchange earnings in the 1970s are typical examples of the country’s exports that had boosted its foreign reserves in the past. Similarly, scholars of various disciplines since crude oil became the backbone of the country’s economy have made attempts at charting new approaches through which the country’s exports can be enhanced vis-à-vis its foreign reserves. These include effective and functional refineries, maximum exploitation of other items such as gas as embedded in the country’s crude exports, deregulation of both upstream and downstream sectors of the oil industry as well as the exploitation of non-oil sectors for exports. However, adequate and comprehensive intellectual attention has not been paid to the connection between the vicissitudes and diversities of Nigeria’s foreign reserves and the country’s economic development. It is against this backdrop that this paper interrogates the nature of Nigeria’s economic development from the perspective of its foreign reserves. The paper argues in its conclusion that Nigeria’s development prospects and challenges are tied to the management of its foreign reserves by the successive administrations since 1960.
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Challenges of Nigeria as a Preferable Seat of International Commercial Arbitration

88%
Aje-Famuyide O., Akano N.
Reality of Politics
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2021
|
issue 18
11-32
EN
Arbitration has over the years gained prominence as a preferred method for dispute resolution especially for cross-border commercial disputes. One of the reasons is that the parties want to resolve their dispute in privacy and obtain an enforceable award as soon as possible. The choice of the arbitral seat during the negotiation of any international commercial arbitration agreement is perhaps one of the most overlooked influential aspects over the course of the arbitral procedures. The importance of a wise choice of an arbitral seat generally has two aspects, one of logistical convenience and the other is of a legal effect. For reason of the crucial legal effects of the place of arbitration, the parties have to be sure that they have chosen the best suitable jurisdiction as the seat of arbitration. The article will further analyse the concept of the seat of arbitration, its role, and importance in international commercial arbitration. It will also examine by reviewing the drawbacks of Nigeria as a preferred seat of international arbitration, particularly on the arbitration legislation and the respective judicial supervision and support in effectively conducting arbitration within the jurisdiction.
3
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Competition Law Framework in Kosovo and the Role of the EU in Promoting Competition Policies in Other Countries and Regions Wishing to Join the Block

88%
Mucaj A.
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
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2020
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vol. 13
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issue 22
89-116
FR
L’objectif de cet article est, d’une part, de fournir un aperçu du cadre du droit de la concurrence au Kosovo en ce qui concerne la constitution de l’Autorité de la concurrence du Kosovo («l’Autorité»), sa conception institutionnelle ainsi que les critères de sélection des membres de la Commission au sein de l’Autorité, qui constitue l’organe décisionnel le plus important dans le domaine du droit de la concurrence au Kosovo. D’autre part, il présente certaines des défis auxquels l’Autorité ainsi que les tribunaux sont confrontés en ce qui concerne l’application effective des dispositions du droit de la concurrence au Kosovo. En outre, les trois seules affaires décidées par l’Autorité, depuis sa création en 2008, sont brièvement abordées. Enfin, l’article tente de contextualiser le rôle de l’UE dans la promulgation et l’application du droit de la concurrence dans les pays de l’Europe du Sud-Est, avec un accent particulier sur le Kosovo. En l’absence d’une perspective européenne sur ces pays, l’auteur pense que le contexte qui en résulterait du point de vue de la compétitivité changerait radicalement en l’absence d’efforts sérieux de la part des États.
EN
The aim of this article is, on the one hand, to provide an overview of the competition law framework in Kosovo vis-á-vis the establishment of the Kosovo Competition Authority (hereinafter; the Authority), its institutional design as well as the criteria for becoming a member of the Commission within the Authority, which is the most important decision-making body in the field of competition law in Kosovo. On the other hand, it discusses some of the challenges the Authority as well as the courts are facing as regards the effective enforcement of competition law provisions in Kosovo, be it procedural or substantive. In addition, the only three cases decided by the Authority, since its establishment in 2008, are briefly discussed. Last but not least, it tries to contextualise the role of the EU concerning enacting as well as enforcing competition law in some of the South East Europe (hereinafter; SEE) countries, with the main focus placed on Kosovo. Without the European perspective, it is convincing to say that the picture that would result from a competitiveness viewpoint would change dramatically, although the EU’s efforts alone are not sufficient in the absence of serious efforts by the states themselves.
4

A Historical Evaluation of the Prospectsand Challenges of Nigeria’s Health Sector,1960–2016

88%
Paul I. A.
West Bohemian Historical Review
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2020
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vol. 10
|
issue 2
201-224
EN
Over the years, Africa has been designated with unpalatable epithets, such as disease zone and Whiteman graveyard among others because of its salubrious ecology to the survival of pathogens, which had led to pathological disequilibrium in many African states. This study examined Nigeria’s health Sector and evaluated its prospects and challenges, since independence. Healthcare delivery predates Nigeria’s independence. It is a Man’s reaction towards his variegated health challenges, which is considered as old as man’s existence. The study uses historical tools of analysis to investigate the prospects and challenges in its response to combating diverse diseases and epidemics. The aim of the study is to evaluate why in spite of the efforts of diverse actors it health sector, Nigerian healthcare delivery still remains weak and unable to meet the challenges of diseases and epidemics.
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Terytorializacja jako wyzwanie polityki rozwoju – perspektywa europejska

75%
Szlachta J.
Studia komitetu przestrzennego zagospodarowania kraju PAN
|
2018
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vol. 184
10-19
6
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Aktuálne výzvy pre teóriu a prax školskej sociálnej práce

75%
Skyba M.
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
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2018
|
issue 3(24)
117-124
EN
School social work in our conditions is a little-explored sphere of social work both in theory and in research. on the other hand, the current problems in the school environment represent the reasons for designing effective solutions by social workers, what is possible only in cooperation with other professionals and in the environment where they take place, where they arise. Due to the fact that school social work intervenes at the intersection of the school system and the family system, it is necessary to know the current challenges of these interrelated spheres, which could then help to clarify visions about the specifics of school social work. The paper therefore seeks answers to the question of what are the current challenges and trends arising from the requirement for a new quality of interaction between school and family to which it would be desirable to respond through school social work.
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PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF THE GHANA INVESTMENT PROMOTION CENTRE (GIPC) IN PROMOTING FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN GHANA

63%
Nyanyi K. D. K.
International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences
|
2020
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vol. 11(1)
139-170
EN
The purpose of the study was to examine the prospects and challenges of the Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC) in promoting foreign direct investment in Ghana. Descriptive survey research design was employed for this study. The populations of interest for this study are staff and management of GIPC. Convenience sampling method was adopted. The main instrument that was used to gather data was an open-ended questionnaire. The study found that the GIPC is mandated to formulate investment promotion policies and plans, promotional incentives and marketing strategies to attract foreign and local investments in advanced technology industries and skill-intensive services which enjoy good export market prospects; initiate and support measures that will enhance the investment climate in Ghana for both Ghanaian and non-Ghanaian enterprises. The study found inadequate infrastructure, inhospitable regulatory environments, macroeconomic instability, inadequate Employees, inadequate support from Investors and financial challenge as the major challenges facing GIPC in promoting FDI. Moreover, the study also found the following as the strategies that can be used to effectively to promote FDI in Ghana; providing financial support to GIPC, getting enough infrastructure to facilitate the activities of the Centre, appointment of qualified staff to occupy positions in the GIPC, employing more employees to help GIPC to effectively carry out its mandate, registration should be relatively easy and the entire process of establishing a business in Ghana should not be complex, provision of hospitable regulatory environments, ensuring macroeconomic stability, investment generation and facilitation and reducing minimum equity requirements Challenges, Foreign, Direct Investment, Ghana Investment Promotion, Prospects, Enterprises, Development, Manufacturing, Africa Celem tego badania jest eksploracja perspektyw i wyzwań, stojących przed Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC) w zakresie promowania bezpośrednich inwestycji w Ghanie. W badaniu zostało wykorzystana metoda opisowych badań ankietowych. Populację stanowiły współpracownicy i menedżerowie GIPC. Została wykorzystana technika wygodnego doboru próby. Głównym narzędziem do zbierania danych był otwarty kwestionariusz ankiety. W badaniu zostało ustalono, że GIPC ma mandat do kształtowania polityki i planów wsparcia inwestycji, zachęt promocyjnych oraz strategii marketingowych, które przyciągną zachodnie i lokalne inwestycje do przemysłu technologii zaawansowanych oraz usług, wymagających wysokich kwalifikacji, które mają dobre perspektywy rynko-we; do rozpoczęcia oraz wsparcia środków, które poprawią klimat inwestycyjny w Ghanie jak dla przedsiębiorstw z Ghany, tak i spoza kraju. Jako główne wyzwania stojące przed GIPC w promowaniu FDI w badaniu zostały wykazane niezadowalający poziom rozwoju infrastruktury, nieprzyjazne otoczenie regulacyjne, niestabilność makroekonomiczna, nieodpowiedni poziom pracowników, nieodpowiednie wsparcie inwestorów oraz wyzwania finansowe. Ponadto w badaniu zostało wskazane strategie, które mogą być wykorzystywane efektywnie do promowania FDI w Ghanie. Jest to zabezpieczenie wsparcia finansowego dla GIPC, uzyskanie odpowiedniej infrastruktury dla ułatwiania działań Ośrodka, zatrudnienie wykwalifikowanej kadry w ramach GIPC, zatrudnianie większej liczby pracowników w celu efektywniejszego wykonania przez GIPC swoich zadań. Rejestracja działalności po-winna być prostsza, a cały proces rozpoczęcia biznesu w Ghanie nie powinien być złożony. Potrzebny jest także przyjaźniejsze środowisko regulacyjne, zapewnienie stabilności makroekonomicznej oraz generowania inwestycji oraz facylitacja i zmniejszenie minimalnego wymogu kapitałowego. Wyzwania, zagraniczne bezpośrednie inwestycje, wsparcie inwestycji w Ghanie, perspektywy, przedsiębiorstwa, rozwój, przemysł, Afryka
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Jeden zespół, a w nim: sprzedawca i nie(sprzedawca) uwikłani w tę samą misję, czyli niespójność w motywowaniu finansowym zespołu sprzedażowego

63%
Pec M., Tereszko W.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2016
|
vol. 299
271-283
PL
Sprzedaż relacyjna potrzebuje doradców i konsultantów nastawionych na rozwiązywanie problemów klientów bardziej niż typowych handlowców. Oferowanie kompleksowych rozwiązań, często szytych na miarę, w skład których wchodzą: doradztwo, serwis, szkolenia, wymusza powstawanie zespołów sprzedażowych, gdzie poszczególne ogniwa zespołu powinny ze sobą ściśle współpracować w celu osiągnięcia skutecznej sprzedaży. Wynagradzaniu pojedynczych sprzedawców poświęcono wiele miejsca w literaturze, powstały wytyczne i narzędzia. Motywowanie finansowe pracowników wspierających sprzedaż, pracujących w zespołach sprzedażowych, a niebędących sprzedawcami to ciągle temat, w którym nie osiągnięto konsensusu, mimo iż zagadnienie motywacji finansowej badane jest od ponad wieku.
EN
Changing market needs advisors and consultants focused on problem solving more than just salesmen. It requires offering to customers comprehensive and customized solutions, including sales advice, customers service, product training. It also forces us to build whole sales teams which work together closely in order to sell effectively. There have been many articles written, research done, guidelines and tools created. We have not reached a consensus on how to financially motivate sales support teams (training, product teams) who are not part of sales teams. The results of the research have not been conclusive.
9
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Big data – wyzwanie dla rachunkowości zarządczej

63%
Burnet-Wyrwa W.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2017
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vol. 341
45-53
PL
W opracowaniu zaprezentowano wyzwania, z jakimi mogą mierzyć się specjaliści z rachunkowości i menedżerowie przy włączaniu danych pochodzących ze źródeł nieustrukturyzowanych do systemów rachunkowości zarządczej oraz wyzwania i ograniczenia związane z ich pozyskiwaniem, przetwarzaniem, wizualizacją i dzieleniem wyników. Pokazano także wieloaspektowy wpływ, jaki technologie big data wywierają na zakres kompetencji wymaganych od specjalistów z obszaru rachunkowości zarządczej.
EN
The paper presents the challenges that accounting specialists and managers may face when integrating unstructured data into management accounting systems, and the constraints associated with acquiring, processing, visualizing, and sharing results. The multi-faceted impact Big Data has on the competencies required of accounting professionals had been presented.
10
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Main Issues of Implementing Media and Information Literacy in School Education in Central Asian Countries (The Case of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan)

63%
Dadakhonov A. O.
Media Literacy and Academic Research
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2024
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vol. 7
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issue 1
51-71
EN
In today’s interconnected world, implementing media and information literacy (MIL) into school education is essential to equip students with the critical skills needed to navigate an increasingly complex information landscape and discern between credible sources and misinformation. By fostering a generation of media-literate individuals, students can be empowered to become responsible consumers, creators, and contributors in the digital age, thus safeguarding democratic principles and promoting informed civic engagement. This research paper delves into the critical challenges surrounding the implementation of MIL in school education across Central Asian countries, with a specific focus on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. Through a comprehensive examination, the study addresses key issues such as the perceptions of MIL trainers and experts regarding its significance, exemplary approaches for integration into school education, assessment methods of MIL education programs, differences between Central Asian and global MIL programs, the impact of MIL deficiency on the educational system, and the potential consequences of neglecting its implementation. Drawing on in-depth interviews, existing literature, and comparative analyses, the paper sheds light on the complexities and implications of MIL implementation within the unique context of Central Asia.
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