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Sharing Economy as the New Paradigm of the Economy of the Future. Risk Analysis

100%
Pera J.
Central European Review of Economics & Finance
|
2018
|
issue Vol. 23, No 1
13-33
EN
Sharing economy is cooperation and sharing based on providing the opportunity to access goods and services to those, who precisely need such a service. This paper attempts to organise the yet unsettled areas of sharing economy that today determine its risk and make it ambiguous, unequal, unfair and objectionable in the eyes of many a business environments. The aim of this article is to analyze the risk associated with sharing economy. To fulfil this aim the author has discussed: the paradigm of consumption and the common good in the context of the economy of the future, the etymology of the term of sharing economy and identification of risk that is linked with this phenomenon. The studies were divided into two parts: the first concerns theoretical risk analysis of the functioning of sharing economy based on subject literature; the second part is a practical analysis of the risk of the impact of sharing economy on the Polish labour market on the example of UBER application. The following research hypothesis was adopted in the paper: The risk of impact of sharing economy on the labour market in Poland is of little significance. The analysis allowed to identify the following risk types in the number of twenty, which are present today in sharing economy: Unequivocal and coherent concept, Data safety, Taxes, Law regulations, Quality, Service performance guarantee, Pursuing claims, Employees rights, Responsibility for clients, Grey market, Competitiveness, Relations: sharing - business, Licences and permissions, Employment relationship, Deflation, Consumer rights protection, Employment, Abuse, Mentality, Sales. A risk analysis of the effects of sharing economy on the Polish labour market showed that this phenomenon was of low significance in the analysed period. The analysis was based on Bosworth, Dawkins, Stromback model. The research shall cover the period 2010 to 2016 (start of operations of the EUBR application in Poland as of 2014; worldwide: 2009) for sector H of PKD (transport and warehouse management, (for Poland - section: H49 PKD inland transport). The analysis concerns first of all the Polish market, but due to the short period of UBERA's activity in Poland - data for other economies in the world, where the application is already operating, were also compiled. The aim of such an approach was to find possible implications for the labour market - in countries where the application works longer - and to refer them to possible future implications for the Polish market. The analysis of the risk of the effects of sharing economy on the labour market in Poland showed that the risk of this phenomenon was of low significance in the analysed period. This assessment results from the fact that this phenomenon is new and dynamic on the Polish market. There are also no relevant legal regulations that would integrate this type of economy into the regulated labour market in Poland. However, risks should not be underestimated. In the long term, it may turn out that this type of economy will have a significant impact on the development of the labour market in Poland.(original abstract)
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Polskie poradniki dyplomatyczne przełomu XVI i XVII wieku wobec dylematu “wola władcy czy dobro wspólne”

100%
Nowakowski M.
pl.it / rassegna italiana di argomenti polacchi
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2021
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issue 12
163-179
EN
The aim of the article is to analyse three 16th and 17th centuries Polish diplomatic manuals written by Krzysztof Warszewicki, Ławryn Piaseczyński and Stanisław Miński dealing with the dilemma ‘the will of the ruler or the common good’, also known as ‘the prince or peace’ dilemma. This problem highlights the tension between the two opposing concepts of political order in early modern Europe: absolutist and republican. The article focuses on the attitude of the aforementioned authors towards the role of the monarch and the community of the republic, as well as the relationship between the monarch and the ambassadors.
3
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La synthèse théologique du bien commun chez Augustin

88%
Nebel M.
Vox Patrum
|
2022
|
vol. 83
247-270
EN
The article seeks to understand how Augustine radically reformulated the political notion of the common good of classical antiquity, from a theological perspective. The main argument is that this reinterpretation follows naturally from the New Testament theology of the koinonia uniting the Church, as shown in the letter to Volusianus and Augustine's homilies on the Epistle to the Parthians. From this reading, it then becomes easier to understand the famous reformulation of the definition of society in books II and XIX of the City of God. We conclude by identifying the three themes that, from Augustine onwards, will be closely associated with the notion of the common good in the western political theology: 1) The common good is no longer a concept, but a Person and a Space: Christ in his humanity is the one and only Common Good of the human race. 2) The universal Common Good is eschatological; in history we can only speak of partial and imperfect common goods. 3) Charity is the driving force behind the dynamic fulfilling the universal Common Good in history.
FR
L’article cherche à comprendre comment Augustin a radicalement reformulé, depuis une perspective théologique, la notion politique de bien commun de l’antiquité classique. L’argument principal est que cette réinterprétation découle naturellement de la théologie néotestamentaire de la koinonia qui unit l’Eglise, comme le montre la lettre a Volusianus et les homélies sur l’Epitre aux Parthes. A partir de cette lecture, il devient alors plus aisé de comprendre la fameuse reformulation de la définition de société aux livres II et XIX de la Cité de Dieu. Nous concluons en identifiant les trois thèmes qui, à partir d’Augustin, seront étroitement associé à la notion de bien commun en occident : 1) Le bien commun n’est plus un concept, mais une Personne et un Espace. Christ, en son humanité, est le seul et unique Bien Commun du genre humain. 2) Le Bien Commun universel est d’ordre eschatologique ; dans l’histoire on ne peut parler au mieux que de biens communs partiel et imparfait. 3) La charité est le moteur de la dynamique d’accomplissement du Bien Commun universel dans l’histoire.
4
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Zróżnicowanie zawodowe jako przejaw dobra wspólnego

63%
Zwoliński A.
Labor et Educatio
|
2016
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issue 4
245-262
PL
Zasada dobra wspólnego obwarowuje przyjęcie mechanizmu rynku jako sposobu regulacji gospodarki. W encyklice Centesimus annus (1991) Jan Paweł II wskazał rynek jako właściwy mechanizm regulacyjny gospodarki, uznając go jednak za jeden z elementów współtworzących doktrynę społeczną Kościoła. Obok wymienił jednak prymat wartości moralnych i duchowych nad ekonomicznymi i materialnymi, a także pierwszeństwo pracy przed kapitałem, zasadę solidarności i sprawiedliwości społecznej. Zróżnicowanie możliwego działania ekonomicznego przez wykonywanie różnorodnych zawodów wymaga opracowania szczegółowych zasad i przepisów, które mogą normować etykę zawodową, uwzględniającą wkład jednostki w dobro wspólne społeczeństwa.
EN
The principle of the common good stipulates adoption of market mechanism as a way of regulating the economy. In the encyclical Centesimus Annus (1991), John Paul II pointed to the market as an appropriate mechanism for regulating the economy, recognizing it, however, as one of the factors of co-creating the social doctrine of the Church. Beside this, however, he mentioned the primacy of moral and spiritual values over economic and material, as well as the priority of labor over capital, the principle of solidarity and social justice. Differentiation of possible economic activity by performing various jobs requires the development of specific rules and regulations which may govern ethics, taking into account the contribution of the individual to the common good of society.
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