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Buvmeistars Ruperts Bindensu: Ietekmes un sasniegumi Rigas arhitektura 17. gs. gadsimta pedeja ceturksni

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Ancane A.

Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei

2012

vol. 8

11-44

Rupert Bindenschu (1645-1698) is the most prominent contributor to the Baroque architecture of Riga. Although everyone knows his major works - St. Peter’s Church tower and the Reutern House - his personality and other projects in Riga and elsewhere have yet to be fully examined. Rupert (sometimes called Ruprecht or Robert) Bindenschu was born in Strasbourg in 1645 to the family of carpenter Balthasar Bindenschu and Susanne Reinhold. For several generations all men of this family have been carpenters. Possibly, Bindenschu learned the first skills of this craft with his father in Strasbourg. No information is found on the young master’s further activities until 1671. Then he arrived in Riga from Reval (Tallinn) where he had participated in the construction of the Oleviste Church tower. In Riga Bindenschu became assistant to the city master builder Jacob Josten. In 1675, when Josten returned to Danzig (Gdansk), he was officially appointed to the post of city master builder and ‘art master’ (Kunstmeister). Assigned by the City Council, the master worked in Riga and carried out several tasks in Riga Patrimonial District. Bindenschu devoted much energy to the restoration of Riga after the great fire of 1677. Bindenschu’s post meant that he had to deal with a large number of commercial and technical buildings - barns, warehouses, barracks, windmills, fortification improvements as well as reconstructions of already completed public buildings. In 1678 Bindenschu repaired the Dom Cathedral tower. The 1780s and 1790s were the most prolific years in the master’s career. In 1680 he completed a Baroque tower with a gallery for St. John’s Church, restoring its interior three years later. In 1681 he built the balconies of the organ and altar parts. Bindenschu’s major works follow, such as the Reutern House project (1685), renovation of St. Peter’s Church tower (1688-1690) and façade (1692), the wooden Jesus Church in Riga’s St. John’s suburb, the Dannenstern House (completed in 1696), the house at 3 Mazā Grēcinieku Street (since 1683) and reconstruction of the Large Guild façade.

THE MOST PROMINENT EXAMPLES OF DUTCH CLASSICIST ARCHITECTURE IN RIGA: DANNENSTERN HOUSE (Holandiesu klasicisma spilgtakie piemeri Riga: Dannensterna nams)

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Ancane A.

Makslas Vesture un Teorija

2008

vol. 10

5-16

Dannenstern House was built in the 1690s for the Dutch merchant Ernst Metsue, 'landlord von Dannenstern' who became one of the most prominent and powerful representatives of the local aristocracy. In 1696 the main construction works were almost finished. According to the archives, all the sculptural work was done under the supervision of Zurich stonemason Johann Bodemer, while sculptor and woodcarver Dietrich Walter from Stockholm was invited to execute the sculptural decor. The architectonic composition of the main façade of the Dannenstern House is rather atypical for the Baroque period with its solution on two axes. The building has two symmetrical projections with portals that render the entire construction light and more presentable. The natural stone façade is divided by eight Corinthian colossal order pilasters to maintain the rhythm of the dominant feature and balance of the overall composition. In general the finish of the façade might be described as having delicately detailed elaboration - in both the acanthus ornamentation and the minor details. The characteristic features of the Corinthian capitals of the pilasters deserve particular attention. The technical implementation is on a professionally high level, as well as the artistic solution, refined and picturesque in detail, touched by the breath of classical elegance. Looking for definite samples, we find a completely identical solution of the pilasters at the Poppenhuis designed by Philips Vingboons and the Trippenhuis by his brother Justus.

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1 Makslas Vesture un Teorija

1 Materiali Latvijas makslas vesturei

2 Ancane A.

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Buvmeistars Ruperts Bindensu: Ietekmes un sasniegumi Rigas arhitektura 17. gs. gadsimta pedeja ceturksni

THE MOST PROMINENT EXAMPLES OF DUTCH CLASSICIST ARCHITECTURE IN RIGA: DANNENSTERN HOUSE (Holandiesu klasicisma spilgtakie piemeri Riga: Dannensterna nams)