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1

Money in models of real business cycle

100%
Kruszka M.
Ekonomista
|
2004
|
issue 3
359-378
EN
The perception of real business cycle (RCB) conceived in the early 1980s has helped to merge periodic oscillation with growth theory. In their initial form the RBC models were short of any monetary variables. Money was only later included in equations that replicate the economic system. Analysis of those models were used to support the view that money itself is not determining business oscillations and that it could be perceived as a variable that is internally influenced by the real sphere. The inclusion of money into RBC model has not, however, produced unequivocal results. The need to study the interactions between business cycle oscillations and the monetary variables in greater detail is still felt.
2

THE CONDITIONS OF PEASANT FARMING IN THE STAROSTY OF SANOK IN THE 16TH C.

100%
Guzowski P.
Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej
|
2006
|
vol. 54
|
issue 1
11-24
EN
The aim of the article is to investigate the conditions of peasant farming in the starosty of Sanok in the 16th c. The region in question was at that time an area of both rural and urban colonization with a population of mixed ethnic background, using various law systems (German, Ruthenian and Wallachian). Peasants occupied themselves mainly with farming and sheep breeding. The research undertaken concerned the size of peasant farms and their duties. The article is based on data from the inventories of the starosty from 1523, 1548 and 1565, and on preserved foundation acts. The average size of a peasant farm was 0.5 lan (traditional Polish measure of land, 17-26 hectares), which was similar to other regions of Poland. Throughout the century the average size of the farm was increasing. The rent was 12-48 grosz from a lan, 28.6 grosz on the average. In addition to the rent there were other financial obligations, of which the most important were 'royal stations' (financing the travelling expenses of the king and the royal court), amounting to 20 grosz per lan. Peasants were also obliged to pay rent in kind, mainly in grain (oats), but also in rams, cocks, eggs, bread and cheese. Rent in kind was usually collected at the feasts of Epiphany, Easter, Assumption and Christmas. The sources also state the serfdom duties. In most villages serfdom labour duty was limited to several days a year, although there were sporadic cases when it was fixed as one, two or three days a week. The situation of peasant farms in the starosty of Sanok in the 16th c. could be described as stability in the period of development. The burden of rents and serfdom was slightly smaller that in other parts of the country. Throughout the 16th century it grew, but this did not necessarily mean a dramatic change in the conditions of farming, as the prices increased much quicker than peasants' obligations.
3

Real, equilibrium exchange rate in an economy undergoing transformation

100%
Gotz-Kozierkiewicz D.
Ekonomista
|
2004
|
issue 3
309-333
EN
The critical role, in the control of growth and macroeconomic equilibrium, is played by the equilibrium-conditioned real exchange rate. This concept, being theoretically complex as well as difficult in practical implementation, should nonetheless be dwelled upon as it indicates ways of avoidance of serious errors in economic policy. The notion in question requires that a strategy-based approach to the exchange rate and macroeconomic policies be adopted. That, in turn, helps to diagnose the difference between the real exchange rate being observed and the strategically substantiated equilibrium rate. Identification of the latter, assisting policy makers in the formulation of long-range strategy, indicates the potentially desired changes in the real exchange rate.
4

Formalizatsiya naukovo-metodychnoho pidkhodu do otsinyuvannya rivnya vykorystannya finansovoho potentsialu rehioniv Ukrayiny

80%
Vysochyna A. V.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2014
|
vol. 4 (66)
148-155
EN
Deepening of local finances crisis and reduce of the inter-budgetary relations effectiveness have led to the increase of disparities in the levels of financial capacity of Ukraine's regions and reduce their financial self-sufficiency, which in turn provides the necessity of development new and more adequate (the one that corresponds to the real socio-economic conditions of the region) mechanism of evaluation of the financial potential. In the article the relevant scientific and methodical approach is developed. It consists of six phases, such as: formation of a set of input statistical indicators; calculation of real and potential financial resources and the integral index of qualitative characteristics of the economic system in the direction of financial incentives; normalization of the calculated on the previous stage performance indicators; calculation of the financial potential indicators for Ukraine’s regions; determining an etalon level of region financial potential; identification of the level of using of Ukraine’s region financial potential. Implementation of the described scientific and methodological approach allows to revealthat most regions of Ukraine used its financial potential slightly more than 50%. However, Kyiv, Kyiv region and Dnipropetrovsk region have the highest levels of the financial potential usage; in turn, Chernihiv, Cherkasy and Zakarpattia regions are characterized by the lowest level of the indicator.
5
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Ekonomia w służbie zrównoważonego rozwoju

80%
Ganowicz-Bączyk A.
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
29-45
EN
The main branch of traditional economics used to focus on economic and social development, and on increasing profits. This led to disregard for the scantiness of natural resources and their renewal. This article looks at the criticism of traditional economic theory by the proponents of the economics of sustainable development, most notable amongst them being the theoretician, Holger Rogall. The notion and crucial principles of the economics of sustainable development are also discussed. The proposed new paradigm in economics is strong sustainability. The theory put forward is strictly related to the idea of sustainable development and the rules of inter- and intragenerational justice and responsibility in the meaning of environmental ethics.
6

Popyt na pracę w województwie podlaskim w świetle struktury sektorowej gospodarki regionu

80%
Dąbrowska E.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2013
|
issue 6(66)
116-135
EN
Three-sector structure of the economy is one of the main indicators characterising the level of econom¬ic development of an area. It is also a key determinant of the demand for labour in each of the three macro - sectors of the employment structure. Transition of the economy through the subsequent stages of development, and the rate at which it is happening, bring about changes in the number of employees in a given sec¬tor and in the contribution of different sectors to the value added gener¬ated in the economy. A comparison of three-sector employment structure in Podlaskie to the structure of employment by sector on a national level reveals significant disparities in this area. They demonstrate the immaturity of the market system and ex¬press themselves in higher demand for lower-skilled workers rather than highly qualified em¬ployees. The aim of this paper is to present the structure of labour demand in Podlaskie in the context of the conditions resulting from the sectoral structure of the region’s economy.
7
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Hospodářský význam Terstu pro Československo po druhé světové válce

80%
Klabjan B.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2008
|
vol. 94
|
issue 2
221-230
EN
In the essay, the author explains economical collaboration between Trieste, which became a complicated international issue from the first post-war days, and the Czechoslovak Republic. The analysis reaches deeper, into the time when Trieste held (as early as Austria-Hungary) a significant position within the Czech society, mainly in economy. After World War I and the subsequent loss of natural grounds, the situation changed, but collaboration between the Italian Trieste and the First Republic continued. A detailed analysis, however, starts in 1945, when, after the war, Trieste became a symbol of cold war. In this distinctive Italian-Yugoslavian dispute, Czechoslovakia sided with Yugoslavia. Support arrived not only from the media, but from political diplomatic sides, too. However, the Western Allies, who administrated the newly established Free Trieste territory, decided to use the city port for their own purposes.
8

The Problem of Work and the Lack of the Work in the Context of Labour Market. The Pedagogic Constatation

80%
Kozyczkowska A.
Kwartalnik Pedagogiczny
|
2005
|
vol. 50
|
issue 4(198)
167-185
EN
The purpose of the text is trying to recognize the results of the influence of the political economical background on the manner of thinking about the work and the lack of the work. By analysing meanings of the work and the lack of the work the author also tries (indirectly) to place them in the man's surrounding and find values that are connected with possesing or not-possesing work. The text consists of two basic parts (structurally there are five), the first invokes the ideas of the discourse formulated by Ernesto Laclau that constitute the theoretical-methodological basis for further considerations. The second part of the work tries to show the selected indications of thinking about work and the lack of the work in the perspective of post-industrial economy and the problem of labour market and education interrelation.
9

THE ECONOMY IN THE LIGHT OF PRAXIOLOGY (Gospodarowanie w swietle prakseologii)

80%
Truszkowska-Kurstak M.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2010
|
issue 2 (46)
37-53
EN
The author of this article makes an attempt to point out that economy can be seen as an activity in praxiology. Moreover, the author explains the meaning of praxiology, economy and its connection with economics and then analyses some elements of an activity and presents their similarity to the economy. The main intention of the article is to show that achievements of praxiology can be a useful method of improvement in our daily economic life.
10

O miejsce historii gospodarczej w naukach ekonomicznych

80%
Zalesko M.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2012
|
issue 4(58)
3-15
EN
The paper discusses the role of economic history in economic analysis. Since nowadays the subject has been relegated to the margins of university education, the author argues that economic researchers would be well advised to include the historical perspective in their studies. A historical view allows for a deeper understanding of current and future economic processes because it helps analysts form correct opinions on the socio-economic situation. The complementarity of economic history and economics justifies the belief that analysis of the past can provide useful insights into the present situation.
11
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ECONOMICS IN PRACTICE - A NEW TEACHING SUBJECT (Ekonomia w praktyce - nowy przedmiot nauczania)

80%
Dabrowski M.
e-mentor
|
2011
|
issue 4 (41)
79-82
EN
Since the 2009/2010 school year the school implemented a new reform program, which provided changes associated with the expansion of entrepreneurship education. According to the new core curriculum, which will take effect in the first classes of secondary school in the school year 2012/2013, teaching entrepreneurship base will be carried out only in the primary, and there will also be introduced a new teaching subject of complementary economics in practice. Headmasters and teachers must decide till March 2011, which classes, if any, will be taught the new teaching subject. Therefore, this article is focuses on discussion of the teaching subject of economics in practice and the presentation of the challenges faced by those responsible for implementation of the classes.
12
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Zahraniční politika Mikuláše I. v kontextu hospodářské situace impéria.

70%
Svoboda K.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
|
2010
|
vol. 96
|
issue 1-2
27-40
EN
The study deals with the economical situation of imperial Russia in relation to the foreign policy in the first half of the 1830's. It analyses individual regions of the Russian economy from the budgetary policy to the development of industry. The finance minister Kankrin, one of the few Russian officials who were able to objectively oppose the tsar, played a significant role in decisions regarding financial matters of the empire. He safeguarded the state budget against pressures from the czar and supporters of expensive military operations. An important factor of Russian economical policy was a social issue which was monitored by the czarist administration with regard to potential revolutionary trends. The threat of revolution and an effort to avert it inspired many measures which the czarist administration took in foreign and domestic policy. The article pursues effects of economical factors on the foreign policy and comes to a conclusion that decision-making and foreign political activities were governed by the most straightforward Russian interests. Regardless of the bad financial situation, enough money was finally found to lead a military campaign in Poland; however, Russia refrained from active policy against Belgium or France.
13
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRADITIONAL AND ELECTRONIC FORMS OF TEACHING ECONOMIC SUBJECT (Skutecznosc tradycyjnych i elektronicznych form ksztalcenia w zakresie przedmiotów ekonomicznych - wyniki badan)

70%
Betlej P.
e-mentor
|
2011
|
issue 5 (42)
45-50
EN
The development of blended learning and e-learning causes the increase in the significance of their effectiveness and suitability in higher education. The lack of complex studies in this subject hampers persuading the decision makers to invest in e-learning and is a barriers in establishing goals and development tracks for this form of education. The author describes the research he has been conducting form 2007 to 2010. The main aim of the study was to evaluate and to compare traditional as well as electronic forms of teaching economic subjects.
14

Faktor chasu u zakordonnykh ekonomichnykh doslidzhennyakh

70%
Derev’yanko Y. M., Lukash O. A., Derykolenko O. M.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 4 (58)
169-174
EN
The author makes an attempt to systematize the basic and methodological approaches in explore of foreign scientists and experts in the analysis of the influence of the time factor in the socio-economic processes. The paper highlights the key results of these scientists and experts’ research, which make it appropriate, relevant, practical value and prospects for further scientific studying of the problem of the time factor influence in the development of open processes of socio-economic systems.
15

Evolyutsiya teoretychnykh pohlyadiv na derzhavne rehulyuvannya rozvytku ahrarnoho sektoru

70%
Vdovenko N. M.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 3 (57)
115-125
EN
The article summarises the results of undertaken studies of evolution of theoretical looks at regulation of agrarian sector development. It is ascertained, the only state that has enough supplies of products to come to the foreign markets develops successfully. Therefore agrarian sector can be both the reason of the state economic crisis and sphere of crisis overcoming. It is proved, that the process of enterprises and governmental regulation convergence will grow, while holding the requirements of sustainable development (human, ecology, economics) and agrarian sector development within the bounce of innovative and investment model.
16

FLOURISHING VS. MARKET: TOWARDS THE ARISTOTELIAN CONCEPT OF EDUCATION

70%
Machura P.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2018
|
vol. 73
|
issue 2
145 – 157
EN
In this paper the author shall investigate the nature of education as seen from the neo-Aristotelian perspective. His thesis is that education should be seen as a part of political activity in the source sense of the term, that is, as an element of human development rooted in the idea of the good, which makes this concept at odds with the modern concepts of politics and education. The author starts with a brief discussion of the classical concept of politics with special attention being paid to the relation between ethics, education and politics. He then addresses the changes in the philosophical background of this concept of politics introduced in early modernity, in order to indicate the consequences of this process for education as subordinated to an economy-influenced politics. Following is the discussion of some aspects of contemporary Aristotelianism. He argues for the thesis that education is the basic form of policy understood along Aristotelian lines.
17

CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION IN UKRAINE: THE ECONOMIC ASPECT

70%
Davydenko S., Yehorova O.
Človek a spoločnosť. Internetový časopis pre pôvodné teoretické a výskumné štúdie z oblasti spoločenských vied
|
2012
|
vol. 15
|
issue 4
-
EN
The article is devoted the problems of cross-border economic cooperation with Ukraine in the context of solving problems of regional competitiveness and strengthen economic security. It considers potential of new forms and mechanisms of cross-border economic cooperation to strengthen the economic security of the state, in particular cross-border industrial parks. It indicates the need to address the issue of forming methods of monitoring and forecasting results of cross-border industrial parks and other forms of cross-border cooperation.
18

Ekonomiko-orhanizatsiyni y instytutsiyni chynnyky ekolohichnoho konfliktu, yak resursni obmezhennya ekonomichnoho zrostannya

61%
Sabadash V. V.
Mekhanizm Rehuluvannya Economiky
|
2012
|
vol. 3 (57)
32-37
EN
Gradual shift away from the principles of sustainable development in environmental, caused by the economic recession, the important issue of the settlement of economic and ecological contradictions that arise in the social and economic systems. In the article the feasibility of integrating environmental considerations into economic decisions in order to avoid environmental conflicts. The main risk factors, based on the nature and character of the influence on the effectiveness of procedures for the resolution of environmental conflicts, are distributed to the factors of the global and national levels with the appropriate characteristics.
19

GLOBALISATION AND ETHICS (Globalizacja a etyka)

61%
Bocian A. F.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2011
|
issue 3(51)
3-20
EN
The main focus of the article is to examine the position and role of ethics in the economically and politically globalised modern world. No one questions the necessity of ethical behaviour in all kinds of human activity, both in business and politics. Actions, however, are not always consistent with moral principles. The ever-expanding system of parliamentary democracy and market economy poses new challenges for individuals, societies and governments. Ethical issues are frequently subordinated to the overriding objective of solving current problems. At times, there is tacit approval of unethical conduct. The scale of this phenomenon increases as a result of globalisation. The 2007-2009 crisis highlighted the strength of globalisation processes and their interconnectedness. It also demonstrated the consequences of violating ethical standards (mainly by financial institutions). The growing debt of the global economy is a burden for future generations, and is caused by mistakes partly stemming from unethical behaviour. The spread of unethical practices is becoming one of the most acute problems of the modern world.
20

„TÁTO EKONOMIKA ZABÍJA“ ALEBO „PÁPEŽ NEROZUMEJÚCI EKONOMIKE?“

61%
Šoltés R.
Verba Theologica. Teologický časopis
|
2016
|
vol. 15
|
issue 2
5 – 18
EN
The exhortation of Pope Francis Evangelii Gaudium brought many ideas and reflections of the contemporary Church, but also the Western world, which has become characterised by a way of economic thinking and acting that increasingly clashes with borders of social ethics. Francis´ controversial dictum “this economy kills” (EG 53) questions the discourse of contemporary standards in the economic space. But the criticism of the current capitalist economy by Francis is not solitary in the tradition of the social doctrine of the Church, but builds on the previous encyclicals, which also critically assess style of market economy, that does not respect the dignity of the human person. They do not condemn the market economy in itself, but draw attention to the necessary ethical dimension of economics, namely, to serve man and not vice versa.
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