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EN
(The abstracted paper is also published in English: Ibid. 2004, Nr 1s(33), pp. 49-56). Work relations and their evolution are the subject of systemic legislative activities as well as observation in both individual member states and on the union level. An autonomous European Union institution, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions - the Dublin Foundation - is involved in these matters. Its purpose is to assist in the shaping of future policy with respect to social problems as well as matters connected with work organization and conditions. The European Industrial Relations Observatory (EIRO) has been active as of 1997; it monitors and analyzes the main changes in labor relations in the countries of the European Union and Norway.
EN
The work aims are: 1) analysis of intra EU migration after the recent regional block enlargement, 2) evaluation of its economic outcomes for the countries with the most inflow of immigrants and for which labour migration size was significant relative to their population potential. The most important conclusions are the following: 1) immigrants came mainly from the less developed countries, 2) migration had a positive impact on EU economic growth, 3) immigrants constituted complementary labour and did not cause labour market deterioration in the EU-15 countries, 4) financial remittances to emigrants countries were an important factor of demand growth.
EN
The paper analyses impact of institutional density on networking and competitiveness of six selected EU countries. Based on the empirical data on European highly-innovative research projects NEST 2004 and 2005 and ERA-Net Series 2 we study to what extent the countries participate at these projects. The results show that participation of some countries in such programs is insufficient. Our model shows that despite the fact that country size has a certain impact on project participation rate in the analyzed types of projects, such relationship is only partial. The paper also shows that transformation rate of the knowledge-related inputs into the knowledge-related outputs is in the case of the Czech Republic and Slovakia much lower compared to the most developed countries with comparable size (Sweden, Denmark, Austria and Finland).
EN
Establishing a company requires not only a viable opportunity, but also many other factors in the business environment, including the ability to overcome administrative barriers in regulatory and administrative systems, which is particularly important. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to analyse and compare the administrative burdens when establishing a company in EU countries. To assess the actual differences and similarities in administrative burdens in the process of establishing a company, countries were grouped according to four indicators using a cluster analysis. To get insights into changes in a particular country and compare it with other EU countries in terms of administrative burdens for starting a company, data from 2004, 2007, and 2016 were used. The findings show that, despite intense pressure and extensive measures implemented in the EU to reduce administrative burdens, the differences among EU member countries are still remarkable and the relative performance of some countries worsens despite absolute lessening of burdens on the national level.
EN
This paper is focused on the issue of changes in the tendencies of regional economic development during the phases of business cycle. Firstly we discuss the various theoretical approaches to this issue predicting either pro-cyclical or anti-cyclical development of the regional disparities. Then is performed a basic empirical analysis for five selected EU countries on NUTS II level. We use the coefficient of variation of per capita GVA and the Hodric-Prescott time-series filter. In most cases, the regional disparities tend to increase mainly in the onset of economic expansion. Observed divergence became slow during the running expansion as the result of spatial diffusion of economic growth. On the other hand there is no clear pattern during the recession. Nevertheless, we find rather stabilization or decline of the disparities. Therefore our findings support rather pro-cyclical development of the regional disparities but with non-linear and irregular pattern affected by the strong industry-specific shocks.
EN
Crude oil and natural gas, as energy carriers forming the basis of European Union countries energy mix, are nowadays at the heart of policy measurements aiming at lowering their consumption with respect to environmental and security threats associated with them. In this article we used Granger causality test in order to examine whether there exists the possibility of negative consequence related to the implementation of such policy for economic development of the EU countries. Based on results we conclude the persistence of continuing existence of environmental risks in relation to restarting economic growth. The absence of more significant influence of oil and gas consumption on economic growth can be perceived positively.
EN
The realization of the silver economy concept presupposes the growth of potential demand of elderly in EU countries. It depends on the increase in the proportion of elderly in the population and on the growth of their income. Increased potential demand of the older generation has to generate a significant segment of the consumer market in the field of specific goods and services for the elderly. The crisis in a meaningful way impinges on the conditions of income formation of the population. It is possible to register the transition from the phase of the debt crisis into a consumption crisis. The growth of unemployment and stagnation of wages significantly limits the basics for generating future pensions in EU countries. The potential demand of the elderly for the regions and countries of the EU is examined, especially in the Slovak conditions.
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