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EN
This paper analyses European Union strategic documents for evidence that EU counterterro­rism policy is founded on the Human Security (HS) approach. It concentrates on three main strategic documents: the EU Counter-Terrorism Strategy (2005), the European Agenda on Security (2015), and the EU Global Strategy (2016) which define the EU’s current approach to terrorism. Three determinants are established to research whether counterterrorism policy is founded on the HS pa­radigm: a people-centred approach, the presence of a wide range of threats, and a strong presence of non-state actors. The analysis shows that counterterrorism policy is constructed on the HS paradigm, however with strong and influential leverage from member states. This paradigm was chosen by EU institutions because it guarantees a strong position of EU agencies in contrast to the traditional mem­ber state-centred approach to security. It helps also to show that EU security policy makes citizens a priority, which could increase legitimacy of the EU in the eyes of its people.
PL
Artykuł bada, czy podejście Human Security jest paradygmatem unijnej polityki bezpieczeństwa. Koncentruje się on na dwóch ostatnio opublikowanych dokumentach: Europejskiej agendzie bezpieczeństwa oraz Globalnej strategii UE. W pierwszej kolejności została wyjaśniona koncepcja Human Security. Następnie zaprezentowano założenia metodologiczne procesu badawczego, w ramach którego postawiono trzy pytania w celu zidentyfikowania w omawianych dokumentach podejścia Human Security: Czy są one skoncentrowane na bezpieczeństwie ludzkim? Czy zagrożenia są w nich rozlegle zidentyfikowane? Czy podmioty realizujące politykę bezpieczeństwa są szeroko zdefiniowane? Przeprowadzona analiza pokazała, że Europejska agenda bezpieczeństwa oraz Globalna strategia UE zostały oparte na perspektywie Human Security. Oznacza to, że bezpieczeństwo ludzkie jest paradygmatem unijnej polityki bezpieczeństwa. W konkluzjach autor zastanawia się, czy owo podejście pasuje do nowych wyzwań dla bezpieczeństwa, które narastają w Europie po rosyjskiej agresji na Ukrainę.
EN
This paper examines whether or not the Human Security approach is a paradigm of EU security policy. It focuses on two recently published EU documents: the European Agenda on Security (EAS) and the EU Global Strategy (EUGS). First, the concept of Human Security is explained. Next, the methodology of the research is presented, in which three questions are posed to identify the presence of the Human Security approach: Are they concerned with the security of people? Are threats broadly defined? Are entities that execute the EU’s security policy broadly defined? Analysis conducted within this paper shows that the EAS and EUGS have been built on the Human Security approach, meaning that it is a paradigm for EU security policy. In the conclusion, the author wonders whether the Human Security approach is well-suited to new challenges for security that have arisen in Europe after Russian aggression in Ukraine.
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