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EN
This paper is an attempt to find an adequate explanation, in terms of ethical theory, of an emotional state that the author defines as 'a feeling of moral satisfaction'. He understands this feeling as an emotional state that stems from the identification by the subject of his or her realisation of moral values with a subjective perception of fulfilling his or her own life rather than mere realisation of an objective sense of human life. The main issue thus concerns the way of such a description of the moral subject that would take account of his or her ability to experience such emotional states. The traditional approaches in rationalist ethics (e.g. Descartes, Kant) rely on the concept of the so-called higher or spiritual emotions; however, this concept is inconsistent. This is why he draws on that of eudaimonia and proposes to understand the 'feeling of moral satisfaction' as a mood the object of which is one's own cognitive-motivational- evaluative construct seen as a process of perfecting reaction to the subject's aims in their entirety..
2
88%
Filo-Sofija
|
2011
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2-3(13-14)
663-674
EN
Władysław Tatarkiewicz work on philosophical and moral psychology, particularly on theory of happiness is still example of the best kind of analytical and close to phenomenological analysis of our speaking and thinking about the topics in question. He distinguishes four main different meanings of Polish word ‘szczęście’ and present a new classification of them based on two principles: the opposition of subjective and objective and between ordinary and philosophical language. Accordingly we can speak about luck, positive psychological states like different kinds of good emotions or feelings and pleasure, Greek eudaimonia and specifically philosophical, a very correct concept of happiness as a rationally justified deep and comprehensive satisfaction of one’s life taken in its wholeness. In this paper I present critically his classification and argue that subjective meanings are always related to objective concepts.
3
88%
EN
The issue of happiness has been the essence of philosophical reflection since its Greek beginnings to the present time. It is related to such transcendental categories as good, truth and beauty. Consequently, the concepts of happiness can be classified into those connected with good, truth or beauty. The author only focuses on the concepts where happiness is analyzed in combination with good. They are described using the notion of eudaimonia. In the first part of this paper, selected philosophical concepts are analyzed, taking the category of eudaimonia into consideration. In the second part of the paper, the author continues the historical analysis of the good-related happiness, referring to Józef Bańka’s ethics of pure-mindedness. That ethics individualizes each person’s happiness. There is no group happiness; it is always the happiness of a specific person, even if they are a member of a group. According to J. Bańka, that person should live in the present, where they can be happy to the fullest. The ethics of pure-mindedness is different from the concepts which approach happiness from a maximalist or transcendental perspective as well as the concepts which focus more on minimizing unhappiness than on the issue of happiness itself.
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