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Charakterystyka kultury modernizmu europejskiego w perspektywie filozofii i kultury

100%
Pałubicka A.
Filo-Sofija
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2010
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vol. 10
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issue 1(10)
7-24
EN
The author distinguishes two attitudes toward the world: (1) the attitude of an action which involves engagement, care, values, and interests; (2) the attitude of a distanced observer (i.e. the theoretical-contemplative one). The paper assumes that the attitude of action precedes historically the attitude of observer. The latter has been born in ancient Greece of classical period due to the Platonic philosophy and the overcoming of magic-mythical thought. Since then, although they have changed and developed, both perspectives have been widely present in European culture and therefore should be considered to be a part of European cultural heritage. It is said that European modernism guarantees a coexistence of both attitudes. A modern European, thus, is able to act intentionally as well as to observe his own action from a distance. Modernism implies also an axiological priority of theoretical perspective (identified with the Kantian ‘universal reason’) over the perspective of action which is not free from prejudice. In comparison with earlier periods of European culture, the theoretical-contemplative perspective of Modernism is defined in terms of perception and sensual experience and their further reinterpretations.
2

'THE QUESTION IS WHETHER WE FIND THE UNITING THEMES FOR NEW EUROPE' ('Pytannia v tomy, chy znaidemo my ob'yednavchi temy dla novoi Yevropy')

100%
Manent P., Yosypenko S.
Філософська Думка
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2010
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issue 1
100-113
EN
The exchange of opinions between the author and Ukrainian translator of 'Popular Statement of Political Philosophy' touches specificity of this work and political philosophy stated in it, in particular, political philosophy and life of the community, role of politics in human life, specificity of French philosophy, place in it of the method of philosophizing personified by P. Manent following R. Aron. The problem of European modernism is one of the central problems for today's political philosophy in the opinion of both interlocutors; its solution, with respect to the specificity of each European country, should propose all the European countries a certain political perspective, which search is now the aim of not only politics but also intellectuals and all the European community.
3
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Współczesne przynaglenia (o Amy Foster Conrada)

100%
Felberg K.
Świat i Słowo
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2012
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vol. 10
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issue 1(18)
48-68
EN
If modernity dismissed the author, whose position has been traditionally very strong, and called up the “subject” in his place, it is possible to claim that post-modernity introduces an even more drastic reduction by degrading the author to a body. As far as writing is concerned, such a process would consist of reducing, firstly, the modern grand work to a postmodern text, and later – to an artefact, a trace of that which exists. The return of the author, who has been repressed in modernity, is a fundamentally traumatic affair, for it entails the surfacing of that which, though uncanny and inexplicable, is still overwhelming. This situation provokes two characteristic responses that define it. On the one hand, it is possible to observe an attempt to find one’s way according to traces, tropes, wounds and signs of that which is mute and excluded. I try to show how this strategy works on the basis of Joseph Conrad’s short story Amy Foster, in which the key categories of European modernism are led to a logical conclusion, but in my opinion are never transgressed. On the other hand, some writers try to reclaim both the possible and impossible meanings from the noise of speech – a scattering of voices and amalgamations of diverse languages. I illustrate this theme with the help of contemporary poetry, investigating two of its strands: the apocalyptic, modernist poetry of Andrzej Sosnowski, and the poetry of Joanna Mueller, who proposes a radical reduction of the author to the last possible referent – the body.
4

KOMUNISTICKÝ INTELEKTUÁL – VÍŤAZ I PORAZENÝ HODNOTOVÉHO SPORU V „MEDZIČASE“ PRED KOMUNISTICKOU DIKTATÚROU

75%
Jaksicsová V.
Historický časopis (Historical Journal)
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2014
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vol. 62
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issue 1
61 – 89
EN
In this study authoress investigates Slovak literary life with an emphasis on literary journalism in the second half of the 20th century, and especially in the period 1945 – 1948, when the basic direction of Slovak and Czech society in the revived post-war Czechoslovakia was decided, and not only on the cultural, but chiefly on the socio-political level. On the cultural-political level, the heirs of the Czech and Slovak avant-gardes clashed with the forces of the traditional liberal and conservative right in the fields of social and artistic activity. The introductory part of the study is a sort of sounding into the past of inter-war Modernism, which was carried on a wave of revolutionary feeling, stimulated by an idealized idea of the liberating power of the Russian revolution. The author sees this period not only as an artistic phenomenon, but also in terms of the inter-connection of culture and politics. Culture, the home territory and autonomous field of the intellectual and the artist, could easily be manipulated when drawn into the political sphere. It could easily be ideologized under the pretext that it had to serve a higher aim, such as revival of the nation or the chosen class, especially after 1948, when it became the dominant state forming group. Culture, both Czech and Slovak, had been long accustomed to a politicized function. The new individual and collective positions after 1945 further radicalized and petrified them.
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