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ELEMENTS OF WILSON'S DIRECTOR POETIC IN OPERA 'EINSTEIN ON THE BEACH'

100%
Haskova H.
Slovenské divadlo (Slovak Theatre)
|
2007
|
vol. 55
|
issue 2
139-150
EN
The conception of Wilson's production and creation is narrowly bound with the question of perceiving the work of art. Based on experiments with the handicapped people, Robert Wilson has defined two principle levels of perception - external and internal. The internal perception level is expressed mainly in the slow motion conception. A retardation of movement brings about in itself also further questions - a missing text component, deformation of time, loss of the story and its dramatic character. These basic elements of Wilson's conception were found in the opera 'Einstein on the Beach', where Wilson had cooperated with the American music composer Philip Glass. A slow motion which is a basis in constructing several scenes in opera, had an impact on the opera libretto which except from a freedom and surrealistic picturing also brings the basic questions of the story and its absence, or the question of conception of music - dramatic characters. Minimalist music of Philip Glass with a pulsing structure and drive towards constant repetition of music models is creating a unique symbiosis with Wilsons's production poetics.
2

'WITHOUT WORDS'. A PHONETIC ANALYSIS OF NONVERBAL VOCAL COMMUNICATION

100%
Marko A.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
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vol. 129
|
issue 1
88-104
EN
What the author calls humming is a vocal phenomenon consisting of nasal voicing, accompanied by an occasional [h]-type noise, and having independent, well identifiable discourse functions. A series of experiments has been designed to study one group of such communicative vocal phenomena. The results demonstrate that the three basic types analysed ('yes', 'no', 'question') differ in their temporal complexity and their melodic pattern. Humming that means 'yes' differs from the plain indication of attentiveness mainly in terms of repetitiveness, whereas it differs from interrogative humming in the value of the upstep interval involved. These vocal phenomena have independent meaning that is attached to a (prelingual, monorhemic, and motivated) complex of both segmental and suprasegmental structure, as opposed to verbal signs in which segmental structure carries what is called their basic meaning and suprasegmental structure has a mere shading function.
3

TEMPORAL FEATURES OF CLUTTERING AND FAST SPEECH

100%
Bona J.
Magyar Nyelvor (Hungarian Language Guardian)
|
2005
|
vol. 129
|
issue 2
235-243
EN
Cluttering is a type of speech disorder affecting the fluency of speech and having a specific phonology similar to that of fast speech. In addition to accelerated articulation, cluttering is also characterised by too many repetitions, intellectual entanglement, monotony, and misapplication of grammatical forms. Therefore, it cannot simply be cured by slowing down the speaker's speech rate. Our hypothesis is that whenever clutterers consciously try to slacken their pace, the change of overall tempo will mainly be implemented by an increased number and length of pauses; their speech will remain arrhythmic, poorly articulated, and monotonous. In a series of experiments, we investigated, first, what strategy clutterers/fast speakers use to slow down their speech, and secondly, how they perceive their own speech rate. The above hypothesis was only confirmed with respect to clutterers in the clinical sense; fast speakers' pausing habits did not significantly change in slowed-down delivery. However, in the degree of slowing, we found significant differences between the two types of speakers. Clutterers solved the task by overslowing and voice quality modification, whereas fast speakers did so with an articulation rate that was still faster than usual. By exploring the phonetic character of speech that was deemed slow by the subjects, we gained some insight into the processes of phonetic and phonological planning of cluttered speech, and may have found additional pieces of information to help the therapy of that type of speech disorder.
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