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The reliefs of Naqš-e Rostam and a reflection on a forgotten relief, I

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KHANIPOOR M., KAVOSH H., NASERI R.

Historia i Świat

2017

issue 6

55-68

As one of the most important archaeological sites in Iran and also because of its holiness, Naqš-e Rostam was always being paid attention through historic periods. The earliest remain of the site goes back to Elamite period while many more reliefs were then added in the Achaemenian and Sasanian periods. Except for the Elamite relief which later vanished as Bahram II relief was made over it in the Sasanian period, other reliefs of Naqš-e Rostam date to Sasanian period. However, it seems that there is one more relief which must be dated to Elamite time. This includes a standing human who has raised his hand in front of his face while represented in profile facing right. The relief was firstly introduced by Roaf who attributed it to Narseh, the Sasanian king. This paper firstly describes the relief and secondly suggests an alternative Elamite date as the result of comparative investigations.

Cremation in Elamite period (Sukkalmah): Hirbodan site

75%

Yeganeh S. J.

Historia i Świat

2023

vol. 12

31-46

Every region and period have its own characteristics when it comes to burial, which is considered a part of spiritual and material culture. Since burial practices are influenced by society's thoughts, beliefs, and culture, studying them can help reconstruct the evolution of ancient culture. Large parts of Iran were considered the territory of the Elamite civilisation from about 2700 BCE until the beginning of the Achaemenid empire. While various studies have been conducted on the cultural materials of this period, burial methods, especially in the old Elamite period, remain unknown. The evidence of cremation is one of unique features that could be observed among burying ritual in each society. Based on the findings, this article describes the evidence for cremation in the Old Elamite period in south of Iran. In Hirbodan, a burial was buried in a crouching position and burned with wood sticks. It can be concluded from the burn marks on the skeleton and the soil beneath the body, that the body had been burned inside the grave before being covered in soil. This burial is associated with the period of old Elamite and with the reign of the Sukkalmah dynasty based on the analysis of pottery and C14 results.

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2 Historia i Świat

1 KAVOSH H.

1 KHANIPOOR M.

1 NASERI R.

1 Yeganeh S. J.

1 2023

1 2017

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The reliefs of Naqš-e Rostam and a reflection on a forgotten relief, I

Cremation in Elamite period (Sukkalmah): Hirbodan site