Search results

1

Etnografia jako metoda badawcza w rachunkowości zarządcze

100%

Burnet-Wyrwa W.

Studia Ekonomiczne

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2016

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vol. 299

80-89

PL

Praca ma na celu wskazanie zasadności bardziej powszechnego zastosowania etnografii w badaniach z zakresu rachunkowości zarządczej, która może wskazać rzeczywiste przyczyny obserwowanych zjawisk, a nie ich skutki. Etnografia ma potencjał, by sprzyjać zarówno rozwojowi teorii, jak i wniesieniu wkładu do praktyki gospodarczej, szczególnie w erze dynamicznego rozwoju technologii informacyjnych. Dyskusja odnosi się do uwag Merchanta [2012] dotyczących badań prowadzonych w rachunkowości zarządczej.

EN

The main purpose of the article is to discuss the potential of more common ethnography application in management accounting field. Ethnography as a research method may vivid the causes of phenomena observed in management accounting, and not only outcomes. Potentially may contribute to both theory and practice, especially in the era of fast information technology development. The discussion is based on the K. Merchant [2012] article about making management research more useful.

2

An Ethnographic Analysis of Escort Services in Poland: An Interactionist Approach

100%

Ślęzak I.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2020

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vol. 16

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issue 4

122-144

EN

In the Polish literature on the subject, prostitution is analyzed from various theoretical perspectives, but, first of all, from the perspective of social pathology. This approach makes the researchers focus mainly on the social maladjustment of women providing sex services and the reasons for their violation of the normative order. In my ethnographic research conducted in escort agencies in Poland, I was willing to go beyond this narrow outlook. I have adapted an interactionist perspective to analyze the escort agencies as organizations where intense interactions between employees, as well as employees and clients, take place, the sex work process is organized, and the meanings of prostitution are negotiated. I conducted the analysis according to the procedures of the grounded theory methodology. It allowed me to see and describe such processes as: (re)defining the situation of providing sex services from vice to work, sex work as a collective action, performing sex work, secondary socialization for sex work. The adaption of an interactionist perspective opens some new directions for analysis, which could help to understand the phenomenon of women getting involved in and continuing to provide sex services for a long time.

3

Piecing Together the Meaning of “Dirty Work”

88%

Torelli J.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2020

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vol. 16

|

issue 2

92-105

EN

I reflect upon Dr. William Shaffir’s influence on my approach to ethnographic research and my study of homeless shelter workers. Dr. Shaffir introduced me to his own brand of the craft of qualitative field work, but also introduced me to important sociologists and ideas in the symbolic interactionist tradition. Most central was Everett C. Hughes’ notion of “dirty work,” which helped shape my research focus. Building from Hughes’ concept, but expanding it with Shaffir and Pawluch’s (2003) social constructionist approach to occupations, I was better able to conceptualize the process of how workers themselves piece together the meaning of “dirty work.” Beyond gaining these conceptual insights, I also reflect on Dr. Shaffir’s teaching philosophy of qualitative methods, that is, the importance of learning by doing. I conclude with some thoughts regarding Shaffir’s perspective on the wider ethnographic task of describing, in situ, members’ understandings and definitions. Following Everett Hughes, I call on interactionists to give more attention to “dirty work” as a generic and transcontextual process.

4

Agnostic Interactionism and Sensitizing Concepts in the 21st Century: Developing Shaffirian Theory-Work in Ethnographic Research

88%

Kelly B., Adorjan M.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2020

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vol. 16

|

issue 2

76-91

EN

In this paper, we reflect upon our experiences taking a graduate qualitative methodology course with Dr. William (Billy) Shaffir. We highlight Billy’s approach to ethnographic research and his declaration to “just do it.” Rather than just absorbing theoretical knowledge from the literature, Billy taught us to be wary of the dangers of a prior theorization and how it can distort rather than shed light on empirical investigations. Despite his belief that sociological theory is far too often abstract and removed from real-world contexts, he nevertheless provided us with a latent theoretical commitment to concept formation, modification, and testing in the field that guides our research to this day. We explore Shaffir’s agnostic and at times ironic approach to theory and demonstrate how his specific type of theory-work, derived from Everett Hughes’ and Howard Becker’s interactionist perspective on “people doing things together,” influenced how many of his students study occupations and organizations via sensitizing concepts. Billy managed to get us to think differently about how we theorize in the field and how to cultivate a playful and healthy skeptical attitude towards its application. This type of agnostic-interactionism does not dismiss theory outright, but is always vigilant and mindful of how easy it is for practitioners of theory to slip into obfuscation and reification. We conclude with a Shaffir inspired theory-work that argues for the continuing significance of an agnostic stance towards ethnographic and qualitative inquiry; one that continues to sensitize the researcher to generic social processes through which agency-structure is mediated and accomplished.

5

The Virtue of Patience

88%

Grills S.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2020

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vol. 16

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issue 2

28-39

EN

Shaffir (1998:63) writes, “We must learn to reclaim the virtue of patience. When we enhance the pace of doing research, it is often at the expense of acquiring a deep appreciation of the research problem.” This paper engages Shaffir’s claim by examining the importance of undertaking a patient sociology. What is the virtue to be found in prolonged and sustained work? How does this speak to the relationships found in field research and in the identities that inform our work as researchers and theorists? In contrast to recent trends towards various versions of instant or short-term ethnography (e.g., Pink and Morgan 2013) this paper argues for the merits of “slow” ethnography by examining the advantages of relational patience, perspectival patience, and the patience required to fully appreciate omissions, rarities, and secrets of the group.

6

معرفی سنگ¬نگاره¬های نویافته با نقوش حیوانی در بررسی باستان¬شناختی. منطقه¬ی فارس جنوبی دشت بیرم

88%

SARKHOSH A., NAZARI S., SHA'RBAF M.

Historia i Świat

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2015

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issue 4

15-30

EN

The rock art has particular position in anthropological and archaeological studies. Analysis of these motifs plays a significant role in understanding culture, beliefs, social relations and other aspects of daily life. Creation of petroglyphs has a long history in Iran and are widespread in most parts of the country. The area of study in this essay is Beyram plain which is located in Larestan city in the southern part of Fars province. During archaeological systematic survey in this area, some petroglyphs with various animal motifs were detected and recorded, that can be considered as a part of art and memorials of residents in this settlements. The relative chronology of these motifs is based on analogy and comparative studies with obtained samples from adjacent areas. This research has been performed through both field study and library method. It used the descriptive-analytical methods in order to present, describe, design and compare the newly discovered petroglyphs at Beyram plain. In order to have a detailed analysis of the motifs, ethnographic studies and talking with shepherds and natives were done. And based on these studies, a possible function will be suggested for these kinds of motifs.

7

Ethnology in Slovakia in Crucial Historical Periods (after 1968 and 1989): From a Historical to a Social Sciences Discipline?

88%

Kiliánová G.

Národopisná revue (Journal of Ethnology)

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2017

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vol. 27

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issue 5

65 - 76

EN

The contribution deals with the history of ethnology in Slovakia at the time of Czechoslovak period of “normalization” (1969–1989) and after essential political changes in 1989. The author focusses on the history of ethnology within the Institute of Ethnography of the Slovak Academy of Sciences (later the Institute of Ethnology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences) as a leading workplace in ethnography / ethnology in the second half of the 20th and in the 21st centuries. The author relies on the premise that political changes created new social processes to which the actors in those processes replied and which they co-created. In this case, it is the Academy employees that are understood as actors. The author observes the following issues: What was the impact of political changes from 1969 and after 1989 on the institutional changes in the Slovak Academy of Sciences, the adaptation of legislative regulations and the organization of scientific work? What was the scientific orientation of ethnography/ethnology in the Academy in the two observed periods; that means under the conditions of two different political systems? What were the results of the scientific programme between 1969 and 1989 and after 1989? Was the discipline’s paradigm changed? Was the originally historical science converted to a social science?

8

Feigning Incompetence in the Field

75%

McLuhan A.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2020

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vol. 16

|

issue 2

62-74

EN

A basic feature of professions is specialized competence. Indeed, expertise grants professions and their members privileged, prestigious, and protected statuses. Members of professions thus face interactional pressure to appear competent in encounters with colleagues, clients, and lay publics, demonstrating that they, indeed, have the particular competencies expected of and associated with their position. For example, in a classic study of professionalization, Jack Haas and William Shaffir examine how medical students adopt a cloak of competence-presenting more-than-fully-able selves-in their training and work to convince gatekeepers, each other, and patients that they have the ability to do medicine. Similar competence-enhancing presentations are evident in other professions. However, a related dramaturgical phenomenon remains neglected: adopting a cloak of incompetence-presenting less-than-fully-able selves-in performing the professional role. Using the ethnographer’s work as an illustrative case, the following paper examines this other side of managing professional competence.

9

The Rising Salience of the Absent: An Interactionist Analysis

75%

Hillyard S.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2019

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vol. 15

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issue 2

56-72

EN

The paper uses examples from rural studies to demonstrate the relevance of symbolic interactionism for unlocking the complexity of contemporary society. It does so by making a case for a nonprescriptive theory-method dialectic. Case examples are drawn upon in support of the argumentation, including early interactionism and ethnographic work in the United Kingdom, and, in the second half of the paper, rural sociology and fieldwork. The main argument presented is that the traditional remit of interactionism should be extended to recognize how absence is increasingly influential. It concludes that interactionism is in tune with other new trajectories in the social sciences that take into consideration co-presence proximity both on and off-line.

10

Działanie, doświadczenie, wiedza. Wokół prac Harry’ego Collinsa

75%

Zaród M.

Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej

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2015

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vol. 11

|

issue 4

192-206

PL

W eseju recenzyjnym omawiam książki Harry’ego Collinsa i współautorów, które składają się na tak zwaną trylogię doświadczenia. Książki stanowią próbę teoretycznego uporządkowania wniosków z badań etnograficznych prowadzonych w ramach studiów nad nauką i techniką. Esej zestawia koncepcje Collinsa z propozycjami teoretycznymi Bruno Latoura i wskazuje potencjał ich zastosowań w obrębie badań jakościowych, szczególnie w ramach problematyki biegłości, doświadczenia i wiedzy ukrytej.

EN

The review essay discusses books of Harry Collins and co-authors (“trilogy of expertise”). The discussed works are attempts to sort out theoretical outcomes from the ethnographic studies done within Science and Technology Studies. The review essay collates these books with theoretical proposals of Bruno Latour, and pinpoints the potential of application these have within general qualitative research, especially in studies of craftsmanship, expertise, and tacit knowledge.

11

ITALIAN GRADUATIONS DAY: A NEW MODEL OF RITUAL

63%

Riconda G.

Journal of Education Culture and Society

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2019

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vol. 10

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issue 1

200-218

EN

Aims.The research aims to reconstruct the phases of the new ritual of graduation in Italy to fully understand if there are a variety of social forms and conventions (linked to symbolic aspects) to be satisfied and if there are elements of ambiguity. Methods.Using ethnographic technique, I chose to develop on the one hand a thick description of the ritual that highlights the "stratified hierarchy of significant structures" (Geertz 1998) while on the other I tried to develop a comparative methodology that takes into account - both temporal and spatial level - of some of the different graduation ritual models that exist and have existed. Results. The analysis shows that there is a lack of consistency between the new degree model and the new graduation ceremony model. Furthermore, in the one hand, the liminal theatricality of the rite satisfies the demands of collective catharsis; on the other hand, there are some ambivalences and there is a lack of consistency between the conventions (and its symbolisms) in the ceremony and the university experiences that students could have in Italy. Lastly, the moral entrepreneurs paid too little attention to the original meanings of the model of celebration from which it draws and its criticality. Conclusions.Rituals in the educational field are very important socio-cultural forms of production of meanings whose modification could be more satisfactory if there was a greater reflection on the original educational models and if, in this reflection, they were involved a large number of subjects belonging to different groups.

12

Pride in Teachers’ Everyday Work. Conditions and Contexts

63%

Pawłowska B.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2020

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vol. 16

|

issue 1

28-48

EN

The aim of this article is to elaborate on the reasons behind feeling the emotion of pride within the professional context of actions undertaken by contemporary Polish teachers. The article attempts to answer the question of what role pride plays in teachers’ career building process and their daily work. All considerations focus on the social construction of the meaning of pride, established from teachers’ perspectives. Pride is here referred to as social emotion, in line with an interpretivist approach. The following reflections are based on the data collected due to: 1) multiple observations conducted by the author in the years 2008-2016 in the primary, as well as junior high schools; 2) interviews with teachers, parents, and other school staff. Pride in teachers’ work arises in three main contexts: 1) pride due to prestige, 2) pride due to one’s recognition (appreciation), and 3) pride as a result of diverse interactions, for example, teacher-student. The emotion at hand is, like shame, of a social origin and plays a key role when it comes to interactions, social control, as well as maintaining social order. And yet, most of the researchers would give the lead to emotions such as shame, guilt, or related stigma. Based on the collected data, this article focuses on the emotion of pride in the process of identity building by employees-teachers.

13

Metody etnograficzne w bibliotekoznawstwie

63%

Jasiewicz J.

Przegląd Biblioteczny

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2018

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vol. 86

|

issue 3

358-373

EN

Thesis/Objective – The aim of the article was to analyze the presence and use of ethnographic research methods in the field of library studies. The author studied the use of observation, field work and diary panels in the projects concerning the library employees, users and services. Method – In order to reach the conclusions the author used her own research on the use of afore-mentioned methods in the literature of the field. The analysis was based on the collection of 4832 abstracts from 13 field journals (11 foreign and 2 Polish ones) published in the years 2010 to 2015. The article contains the results of the research on the use of ethnographic methods. Quantitative analyses have been enhanced with the review of selected ways of applying those methods in the scholarly literature. Results – The results of the research show that the ethnographic methods are used in library studies to a limited extent. In foreign literature they are used quite rarely and in Polish literature – very occasionally. Conclusions – The application of the discussed methods in researching the issues where the declarative methods appear to be insufficient suggests that the use of ethnographic nethods in library studies has a significant potential.

PL

Teza/cel – Celem artykułu było podjęcie próby przeanalizowania obecności i wykorzystania etnograficznych metod badawczych w bibliotekoznawstwie. W związku z tym przeprowadzono analizy w zakresie stosowania obserwacji, badań terenowych oraz badań dzienniczkowych w projektach poświęconych pracownikom, użytkownikom i usługom bibliotek. Metoda – We wnioskowaniu wykorzystano wyniki badań własnych autorki, która przeprowadziła obszerne badanie w zakresie wykorzystania poszczególnych metod badawczych w piśmiennictwie naukowym. Analizy te zostały przeprowadzone w oparciu o zbiór 4832 abstraktów artykułów z 13 czasopism dziedzinowych (11 zagranicznych i 2 polskich najważniejszych tytułów), z lat 2010-2015. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki dotyczące wykorzystania metod etnograficznych. Analizy ilościowe wzbogacono przeglądem wybranych sposobów stosowania przedmiotowych metod w piśmiennictwie naukowym. Wyniki – W wyniku badania stwierdzono, że metody etnograficzne są w ograniczony sposób stosowane w bibliotekoznawstwie. W literaturze zagranicznej ich występowanie jest rzadkie, zaś w polskiej – incydentalne. Wnioski – Jednocześnie zaprezentowane różnorodne sposoby wykorzystania tych metod w badaniu zagadnień, w których metody deklaratywne są niewystarczające, pozwala sądzić, że potencjał zastosowania metod etnograficznych w badaniach bibliotekoznawczych jest znaczący.

14

Creative Thinking in Qualitative Research and Analysis

63%

Konecki K. T.

Qualitative Sociology Review

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2019

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vol. 15

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issue 3

6-25

EN

I would like to present the possibility of broadening the traditional methodological and technical skills of researcher and analyst, but also the intellectual capacity of the researcher associated with combining data, categorizing, linking categories, as well as the interpretation of the causes and consequences of the emergence of certain social phenomena. Some methodologies, methods, and research techniques are more conducive to creative conceptual and interpretive solutions. Therefore, I describe the serendipity phenomenon in such methodologies as grounded theory, ethnography, phenomenological research, and contemplative inquiry. The problem of intuition in qualitative research will be also described in the paper. There will be presented also some suggestions how to be creative in qualitative research. From the review of issues of creativity in qualitative research we can derive the following conclusions: Creativity in qualitative research depends on the strength of a priori conceptualization and stiffness of the adapted methods of research and analysis. If the methodology is more flexible (as the methodology of grounded theory), the researcher can get to phenomena that he/she has not realized and which are still scantily explored in his/her field of expertise. The phenomenological and contemplative approaches allow the use of the investigator’s feelings and experience as they appear in the studied phenomena, which usually does not take place in objectifying and positivistic research. The investigator may therefore consciously use these methodologies and approaches that foster creativity. The researchers can improve their skills in thinking and creative action by doing some methodical exercises (journal writing, writing poetry as a summary of the collected data, the use of art as representation of the phenomenon, the use of meditation, observation of the body feelings, humor, etc.).

15

Generating, Intensifying, and Redirecting Emotionality: Conceptual and Ethnographic Implications of Aristotle’s Rhetoric

63%

Prus R.

Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej

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2013

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vol. 9

|

issue 2

10-45

EN

In contrast to those who more characteristically approach emotion as an individual realm of experience of more distinctive physiological and/or psychological sorts, this paper addresses emotionality as a socially experienced, linguistically enabled, activity-based process. While conceptually and methodologically situated within contemporary symbolic interactionist thought (Mead 1934; Blumer 1969; Strauss 1993; Prus 1996; 1997; 1999; Prus and Grills 2003), this statement is centrally informed by the pragmatist considerations of emotionality that Aristotle (circa 384-322 BCE) develops in Rhetoric. Although barely known to those in the human sciences, Aristotle’s Rhetoric provides a great deal of insight into people’s definitions of, and experiences with, a wide array of emotions. Addressing matters of persuasive interchange in political, judicial, and evaluative contexts, Aristotle gives particular attention to the intensification and neutralization of people’s emotional states. This includes (1) anger and calm, (2) friendship and enmity, (3) fear and confidence, (4) shame and shamelessness, (5) kindness and inconsideration, (6) pity and indignation, and (7) envy and emulation. Following an introduction to “rhetoric” (as the study of persuasive interchange) and “emotionality,” this paper briefly (1) outlines a pragmatist/interactionist approach to the study of emotionality, (2) considers Aristotle as a sociological pragmatist, (3) locates Aristotle’s work within the context of classical Greek thought, (4) acknowledges the relationship of emotionality and morality, and (5) addresses emotionality as a generic social process. Following (6) a more sustained consideration of emotionality within the context of Aristotle’s Rhetoric, the paper concludes with (7) a short discussion of the importance of Aristotle’s work for studying emotionality as a realm of human lived experience on a contemporary plane.

16

Jak socjologowie mogą skorzystać na praktyce medytacji?

51%

Konecki K.

Przegląd Socjologii Jakościowej

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2015

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vol. 11

|

issue 4

52-86

PL

Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie problematyki medytacji jako narzędzia pomocnego w pracy badawczej i analitycznej socjologa. Przyjęta w artykule forma medytacji pochodzi z tradycji buddyzmu zen. Sama technika medytacyjna wnosi pewne inspiracje natury epistemologicznej i metodologicznej wywodzące się z tradycji filozofii buddyjskiej. W artykule opisano podstawowe założenia i praktykę medytacji buddyjskiej (zen). Ponadto odniesiono je do niektórych pojęć socjologicznych i metodologii badań socjologicznych. Wprowadzono temat dekonstrukcji pojęć przy pomocy praktyki medytacyjnej oraz problematykę rozwijania kompetencji intuicyjnych w arsenale podręcznych narzędzi wspomagających badacza/analityka jakościowego w jego przedsięwzięciach. Na koniec pokazano metody jakościowe, w których pomocna może okazać się medytacja ‒ jako część procesu badawczego i analitycznego.

EN

The aim of the article is to introduce the issue of meditation as a tool of assisting in the research and sociological analysis. The form of meditation adopted in the article comes from the tradition of Zen Buddhism. The meditation technique itself brings some epistemological and methodological inspirations that are derived from the tradition of Buddhist philosophy. The article describes the basic principles and practice of Buddhist meditation (Zen). In addition, these are referenced to some sociological concepts and methodology of sociological research. There is introduced the topic of deconstruction of concepts with the help of meditation practice and the development of intuition to support investigator / qualitative analyst in his/hers endeavors. At the end, qualitative methods to which meditation may be useful as part of research and data analysis have been shown.

17

Les nouvelles idoles du primitivisme: une mythologie des modernes

45%

Roux B.

Svět literatury – Časopis pro novodobé literatury (World of Literature – Journal for Modern Literatures)

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2022

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vol. 32

|

issue Special Issue

102-114

EN

The emergence of the Musée du quai Branly project and its inauguration in Paris in 2006 have sparked off many controversies and stimulated numerous debates about the politics of representation, the colonial heritage in museum collections, the influence of art dealers, the role of indigenous communities, but also and above all the often antagonistic relationship between ethnographic and aesthetic approaches. It is not our intention here to reopen the controversy of the origins or to settle the alternative between the End of Art and the end of museum ethnography. On the contrary, we wish to place ourselves in a historical perspective, and to take advantage of this contribution to lay down some milestones in an intellectual journey that began more than a century ago and which is still often written in the mode of discontinuity.

Refine search results

Etnografia jako metoda badawcza w rachunkowości zarządcze

An Ethnographic Analysis of Escort Services in Poland: An Interactionist Approach

Piecing Together the Meaning of “Dirty Work”

Agnostic Interactionism and Sensitizing Concepts in the 21st Century: Developing Shaffirian Theory-Work in Ethnographic Research

The Virtue of Patience

معرفی سنگ¬نگاره¬های نویافته با نقوش حیوانی در بررسی باستان¬شناختی. منطقه¬ی فارس جنوبی دشت بیرم

Ethnology in Slovakia in Crucial Historical Periods (after 1968 and 1989): From a Historical to a Social Sciences Discipline?

Feigning Incompetence in the Field

The Rising Salience of the Absent: An Interactionist Analysis

Działanie, doświadczenie, wiedza. Wokół prac Harry’ego Collinsa

ITALIAN GRADUATIONS DAY: A NEW MODEL OF RITUAL

Pride in Teachers’ Everyday Work. Conditions and Contexts

Metody etnograficzne w bibliotekoznawstwie

Creative Thinking in Qualitative Research and Analysis

Generating, Intensifying, and Redirecting Emotionality: Conceptual and Ethnographic Implications of Aristotle’s Rhetoric

Jak socjologowie mogą skorzystać na praktyce medytacji?

Les nouvelles idoles du primitivisme: une mythologie des modernes