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1
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Najważniejsze cechy i odrębności języków afrykańskich (ilustrowane przykładami z języków Nama, Eve, Kaffir)

100%
Stopa R.
Rocznik Orientalistyczny
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vol. Rocznik Orientalistyczny, T. 13, (1937), wyd. 1938
2

Maailma esimesed inimesed – Valgevene ja Eesti etioloogiads

88%
Boganeva A., Kõiva M.
Mäetagused
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2021
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vol. 80
5-30
EN
Belarusian and Estonian mythological and legendary narratives, especially aetiologies, share a number of similar motifs and characters, despite the fact that Estonian and Belarusian belong to different language families and share no common borders. However, some matches in the motifs are so complete and expressive that they, we believe, cannot be explained by typology or universals. Since the topic of ties between Estonian-Belarusian folklore is relatively unexplored, along with their historical contacts, the aim of this article is to point out the similarities in the motifs of Estonian and Belarusian legends regarding the first people in the context of Slavic and Finno-Ugric legends, as well as to represent some of the original Estonian and Belarusian aetiologies. The motives under examination are the recreation of humans, the skin of the nails, creation of a woman, the death of the first people, the motifs of the snake, eel, and weather loach, the cross of Christ, and others.
3
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“Snake”, “Life” or “Mother of All Living”? The Meaning of the Name חַוָּה (Eve) And Its Role in Gen 3

88%
Napora K.
Verbum Vitae
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2022
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vol. 40
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issue 1
37-50
EN
In Gen 3:20, the redactor of the Book of Genesis reports for the second time the scene of naming the woman created by God from Adam’s rib (cf. Gen 2:21-23). The name אשׁה (woman) used by Adam in Gen 2:23 obviously relates-at least phonetically-to the noun אישׁ (man). In this way, the editor expresses the idea of a certain relationship between man and woman. The existence of a similar, simple connection between the name חַוָּה (Eve) and the title אם כל־חי (the mother of all living) is far less obvious and this conundrum has been noticed by translators and exegetes for at least 2000 years. An echo of these difficulties seems to be perceptible in the text of the Septuagint, in the writings of Philo and Josephus, in the Targums, as well as in the writings of some ancient Christian writers. This article represents one further attempt to present the panorama of modern hypotheses concerning Eve’s name and the role this naming play in Gen 3.
4
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Prawo i sprawiedliwość w kulturze Ewe. Osądzanie i przebaczanie

75%
Sito E.
Afryka
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2019
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issue 49
11-32
EN
Starting from the definition of the concept of law among the Ewe people, se (its literal meaning is a border that should not be crossed) and justice dzodzoenyenye (in the ontological sense) and nutefew (in the existential sense), this article presents the process of judgment and forgiveness in the culture of Ewe people living in southern Togo and Benin. In Ewe culture, the judgment process takes place within the community, the immediate family or among the villagers. Wrongdoing is defined as disregarding the relationship with the god Mawu, insulting the deities of Tro or voodoo, disrespecting ancestors or committing offenses against a family or village. These offences are reflected in the language, in expressions describing the misdeeds. Then the process of judgment itself is presented, with traditional judgment procedures, traditional trial, judgment, forgiveness and cleansing. The acts and consequences of adultery and the afofofo cleansing ritual are also analysed. The verdict itself, importantly, is dictated by a desire to resolve the conflict and put an end to the dissonance in the community.
5
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Biblijne podstawy mariologii

75%
Krawczyk R.
Studia Elbląskie
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2012
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vol. 13
107-120
EN
The author of the paper presents and explains the role of Mary in the plan of salvation based on texts included in the Old and the New testament. Biblical foundations of mariology can be found in the Old Testament in the Proto-Gospel (Genesis 3,15) and in the texts written by the following Prophets: Isaiah (7,14; 9,5–6;11,1–3.5.10), Zephaniah (3,13–17) and Zacharias (9,9–10), as well as in the New Testament – in the Gospels according to Luke, Mark and John. The author focuses on the main theological ideas contained in the tests.
6
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Adam i Ewa jako dzieci w egzegezie syryjskiej

75%
Kowalski A.
The Biblical Annals
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1983
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vol. 30
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issue 1
117-122
PL
Adam i Ewa jako dzieci w egzegezie syryjskiej
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Obraz kobiety w komentarzach do Księgi Rodzaju św. Augustyna

51%
Maćkowska A.
Verbum Vitae
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2011
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vol. 19
207-232
EN
Saint Augustine describes the creation of woman as a voluntary and intentional act of God. Man is being prepared to receive her. Woman is created as a rational being. Together with man, she brings to fruition the blessing of fecundity and, at the end of times, she will be saved in her own body. The creation of woman from man's rib becomes a symbol of the relationship between the soul and the body. Woman, being subject to man who is obedient to God, is a figure of the body being subject to the soul obedient to the Lord.
PL
Św. Augustyn opisuje stworzenie kobiety jako zaplanowany akt Bożej woli. Mężczyzna jest przygotowywany na przyjęcie jej. Kobieta zostaje stworzona jako istota rozumna. Razem z mężczyzną  wprowadza w życie błogosławieństwo płodności i, na końcu czasów, będzie zbawiona we własnym ciele. Stworzenie kobiety z żebra mężczyzny staje się symbolem relacji pomiędzy duszą i ciałem. Kobieta, będąc poddana mężczyźnie który jest posłuszny Bogu, jest obrazem ciała będącego poddanym duszy posłusznej Bogu.
8
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Ewa – pierwsza kobieta w świetle pism świętego Augustyna

51%
Żurek A.
Vox Patrum
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2016
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vol. 66
139-153
EN
The biblical story of creation, and subsequently the sin of Eve, was frequently analized by many Church Fathers. These analysis conclusions were ones of the crucial elements which shaped the vision of woman in the Early Christian times. St. Augustine was within this trend. He analized and referred to the Genesis’ texts related to Eve in the numerous of his works. He read this story either literally or alegorically. From the biblical texts which were interpreted literally, he derived his view about human sexuality and its purposefulness. He also eagerly empha­sized the issue of woman’s nature. Indeed, he acknowledged that Eve was equal to Adam as human, as well as woman was equal to male at all. Nevertheless, he was sure of woman’s nature weakness and affirmed her dependence on male in the social life. St. Augustine used the alegorical interpretation conclusions to explain the relationship between the body and spirit within a man. In this perspective, the woman’s position is especially weak because, as a representant of body, she should be totally dependent on male who symbolizes the spiritual sphere within a man. The article only fragmentalically presents the St. Augusine’s view on the woman question because it is limited only to the conclusions of one biblical text exegesis.
9
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Biblijne podstawy teologii zaślubin z Bogiem – punkt wyjścia dla teologii małżeństwa

45%
Knotz K.
Polonia Sacra
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2014
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vol. 18
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issue 4
EN
The article presents the outline of the theology of marriage between God and man. Italian theologian, Giorgio Mazzanti, introduces the theology of marriage through an interpretation of the symbol of man and woman on four levels of meaning. Each of those levels is revealing more and more of God’s reality. The foundations for theology of marriage created by Mazzanti include: definition of symbol, selection of appropriate events from the Holy Scripture, and presentation of relations between them according to the meaning of the defined symbol. These three elements enable Mazzanti to introduce the theology of marriage synthetically, joining it with christology, mariology, sacramentology, eschatology, and biblical anthropology. Mazzanti does not interpret the particular biblical pericopes inventively; still, the context itself; created thanks to the symbol joining the love of God with human love, introduces a certain innovation into the interpretation of the redemptive events.According to Mazzanti, the symbol, which enables one to take the path of initiation into the mystery of God’s presence in a human life, is a relationship of man and woman. The history of redemption consecutively shows new meanings of the symbol hidden in the first, literal meaning. These reveal the mystery of God’s presence in a human life. A new couple appears – Jesus Christ, Son of God and Maria, Mother of God, second Adam and second Eve. Thanks to this couple, one is able to interpret more profoundly the mystery of God in a life of man and woman. The next level of interpreting the symbol of man and woman is Christ and Church as the betrothed couple, who invite one to the marriage feast in Heaven in a love relationship of all the saints married to God. A love relation between man and woman understood as a symbol revealing a more profound reality might be interpreted on new, deeper and deeper levels of meaning. This message can be found in the following symbols: man–woman; Adam–Eve; God–People of God, Jesus–Maria, Son–Mother; Betrothed Groom–Betrothed Bride, Christ–Church, God–the Redeemed.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia zarys teologii zaślubin człowieka z Bogiem. Włoski teolog Giorgio Mazzanti tworzy teologię zaślubin poprzez interpretację symbolu mężczyzny i kobiety na czterech poziomach znaczeń. Każde z tych znaczeń odsłania coraz pełniej Boską rzeczywistość. Stworzony przez Mazzantiego fundament dla teologii zaślubin obejmuje: określenie symbolu, dobór odpowiednich wydarzeń z Pisma Świętego i pokazanie związku między nimi zgodnie ze znaczeniem ustalonego symbolu. Te trzy elementy pozwalają Mazzantiemu na syntetyczne przedstawienie teologii małżeństwa połączonej z chrystologią, mariologią, sakramentologią, eschatologią i antropologią biblijną. Mazzanti nie interpretuje poszczególnych perykop biblijnych w sposób nowatorski, jednak kontekst wytworzony przez symbol łączący miłość Boga z miłością ludzką wprowadza pewną nowość w interpretację wydarzeń zbawczych.Według Mazzantiego symbolem, który pozwala rozpocząć drogę inicjacji w tajemnicę obecności Boga w życiu człowieka jest związek mężczyzny i kobiety. W trakcie historii zbawienia pojawiają się nowe odsłony znaczenia symbolu ukryte w pierwszym dosłownym znaczeniu. Odsłaniają one tajemnicę obecności Boga w życiu człowieka. Pojawia się nowa para: Jezus Chrystus, Syn Boga i Maria, Matka Boga, drugi Adam i druga Ewa. Ta para pozwala nam jeszcze głębiej odczytać tajemnicę Boga w życiu mężczyzny i kobiety. Kolejnym poziomem odczytania symbolu mężczyzny i kobiety jest Chrystus Oblubieniec i Kościół Oblubienica, którzy wprowadzają nas na ucztę weselną w niebie w miłosnym związku wszystkich świętych zaślubionych z Bogiem. Miłosna relacja mężczyzny i kobiety rozumiana jako symbol odsłaniający nam głębszą rzeczywistość może być interpretowana na nowych, coraz głębszych poziomach znaczeń. Taki przekaz można odnaleźć w symbolach: mężczyzna–kobieta; Adam–Ewa; Bóg–Lud Boży, Jezus–Maria, Syn–Matka; Oblubieniec–Oblubienica, Chrystus–Kościół, Bóg–zbawiona ludzkość.
10
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Sylwetki kobiet w traktacie "O narodzinach i zgonach świętych ojców" Izydora z Sewilli

45%
Krynicka T.
Vox Patrum
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2016
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vol. 66
197-217
EN
Isidore’s treatise De ortu et obitu patrum (On the Lifes and Deathes of the Fathers) contains biographies of outstanding biblical figures from Adam to Titus. Among them there are four women, to which the bishop of Seville dedicates spe­cial chapters. These are Esther, Judith, John Baptist’s mother Elisabeth and Mary, Mother of Jesus. He also mentions 26 women while presenting famous biblical patriarchs, judges, kings and prophets. Mothers and grandmothers, sisters and daughters, wives and widows participate in different important biblical events, support men on their way to salvation, as well as lead them to the moral fall and suffer because of it. Except four above mentioned heroins, Isidore describes bibli­cal women very superficially, giving only those details of their lifes and characters that help him to introduce his male heroes. Although the erudite bishop admires the virtue both in men as well as in women and hates the sin regardless of the sin­ner’s sex, it seems that he considers the history of Salvation to be the history of relations between God and mankind represented first of all by a man. In Isidore’s feeling it is the latter who is responsible before the Lord not only for himself, but for the whole world and for a woman as well.
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