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EN
A sociological look at artists’ biographies makes one reflect on their increased mobility. Purposes and reasons of the artists’ migratory journeys are various, they have a different character and their effects also vary. The article based on the narratives of the Polish artists shows three variants of making decisions to emigrate from Poland following the imposition of the martial law in December of 1981. The purpose of the article is also an attempt to modify the dominant definitions of forced emigration by extending it to the aspect of internal coercion generating a strong push impulse. This internal factor seems to be very important in the cases analysed in the article. The biographical interview method allows to indicate that, apart from external coercion, various entanglements of circumstances and trajectories are revealed, which in some cases lead to the decision to leave the home country.
EN
The study focuses on the forced displacement of the German population from the Czech lands between May 1945 and the end of 1946, which meant the departure of almost three million Germans. This migration had a profound impact both on the lives of the individuals who participated in it and on German society. Forced migration after the Second World War is not only an integral part of the communicative memory of many Germans, but also a part of cultural memory and the subject of politics of memory today. In this study, we draw on oral history interviews with the so-called ‘Erlebnisgeneration’, i.e. persons who experienced forced displacement as children or young adults. The object of the analysis are narratives related to forced displacement; we ask in what ways this migration is narrated, what narrative strategies and means individual narrators choose when they talk about this event, and whether they create certain narrative patterns. Our focus is on the themes, structures, and intentions of the narrative representations of ‘expulsion’. We attempt to show how male and female narrators deal with the traumatic experience and how they attempt to integrate and gain recognition from others. We observe these issues in the context of theories of collective trauma and are inspired by the analytical approach of grounded theory.
EN
The paper is divided into three chapters. In the first part, the author would like to introduce the topic and its research in the Czech Republic. The second part focuses on the forced displaced area in Bohemia due to the building of the biggest military area in the protectorate called “Waffen-SS Böhmen (Beneschau)”. After a short history, the author will show the response in the periodical press. The third focuses on the resettlement of the villages from the Drahansko Highlands and the reports on it in the press between 1945 and 1955. The author follow the clear lines of post-war Central European politics, an important pillar of which was the national revival and the expulsion of the three-million-strong German ethnic group from Czechoslovakia. In the conclusion, the author summarizes her research and draws four main conclusions from the previous chapters by focussing on the main question of how the printed press worked as a propaganda tool for the post-war establishment of Czechoslovakia.
Mesto a dejiny
|
2020
|
vol. 9
|
issue 1
112 – 126
EN
The social mobility is a relatively common phenomenon in society; however, in the period of the Slovak State (1939–1945) it was predominantly caused by the economic and social engineering of the single ruling Hlinka’s Slovak People’s Party. Anti-Semitism was made one of the main pillars of the internal state policy. Systematic pauperisation of the Jewish community gradually affected each perspective of everyday life of Jews in Slovakia, including the limitation of Jewish people’s living space. This practice led to involuntary moving out from houses and flats in designated urban zones. Subsequently, this process culminated in the Aryanization of the housing formerly owned by Jews. The main aim of this contribution is to analyse spatial and social consequences of the reshaping of the Jewish housing opportunities with special interest in the entangled social mobility of both Jews and Gentiles, which will be mainly exemplified through selected cases from the Banská Bystrica district.
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