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The paper deals with the linguistic situation and the position of French in Algeria. The policy of arabisation has not been entirely successful in Algeria. The disregard for the language and culture of the inhabitants and the effort to deny the linguistic diversity in the country are the main reasons for its failure. Despite the protests of Islamists, knowledge of French remains an inevitable condition for good integration into the working environment and into Algerian society.
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Muslims constitute about 10% of the population of France however, they are a minority group as recipients of the media. The media market alloted to them is modest although it is undergoing a dynamic development. There are various motives behind this growth. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning the most important. Firstly, the more rapid rise in the number of this group than in the entire french population, to which the media market had to react. Secondly, the re-islamization of a greater part of this group, that is, among the second and third generation immigrants there is an observation of a return to the practicing of religion as the answer to their socio-economic marginalization. This is an endeavour geared towards the strengthening of their identity. And thirdly, a considerable part of the media service for this group is channelled through the Internet although it is mainly directed to the youth that is less educated than their french counterparts. However, medial offers exist in all sectors for muslims in France: in the press (published both in French and Arabic), on the radio, television as well as on the Internet. It is also worth recalling that a certain part of the muslim community, the more integrated part, also avail itself of the french media addressed to the whole society.
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The basic requirement for international professional communication is a precise expression and a harmonized multilingual terminology of the domain. The author treats the possibility of establishing such a system of terms in the field of slaughtering meat, its culinary preparation and the preparation of dishes at the base of meat. The aim is to create a French-Slovak system of terms used in the field of gastronomy previously envisaged. Resources can be divided into several groups: recipe books, culinary dictionaries and encyclopaedic works, research, manuals, standards and codes, etc. The research provides not only partially harmonized terminology, but also shows a number of specific semantic and terminological inconsistencies, as well as suggestions for their solution. The various methods and processes necessary to delineate the subject, to create systems of terms and to harmonize terminology will be attempted. At the end, a critical evaluation of results will be proposed from the point of view of confirming or rebutting assumptions about the harmonization and equivalence of the terminology being addressed.
EN
This study examined Hungarian (98) and French (131) business school students' attitudes and self-reported behavior regarding academic cheating. The main purpose was to focus on cultural differences, moreover the role of gender; grade-level; academic achievement; seriousness of expected possible punishments; positive and negative feelings after a successful cheating; acceptability of cheating and self-reported cheating were measured also. Attitudes towards cheating were measured by 14 vignettes. Participants evaluated the behavior of a dishonest classmate on an acceptability scale in different imagined situations. On the basis of self-reports 83% of Hungarian business school students cheated at least once during last semester in contrast to the 34% of French students (X2 = 52,19; p = 0,001). Furthermore, Hungarians concerning all of the 14 vignettes evaluate cheating more acceptable (p = 0,01); they have significantly less negative feelings after successful cheating (t = - 2,203; p =0,031); they expect significantly less severe punishment (X2 = 75,29; p = 0,001) and they have wider range of cheating methods in comparison with French students. On the basis of the multi-factor ANOVA hierarchical model the seriousness of punishment (F = 34,429, p = 0,001) and the nationality (F = 19,839, p = 0,001) have significant impact on the acceptability of cheating, moreover, nationality has the highest explanatory power.
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Ahmadou Kourouma is one of the most renowned authors writing in French. The notion of the authors writing in French is a new way of referring to the formerly known francophone literature. We address this issue shortly in the introduction of the paper before approaching the writings of Kourouma, a former mathematician and a literary autodidact. The literary style of Kourouma´s writing is seemingly that of a plain, documentary rendering of the African reality; nevertheless, the extra-literary reality is encoded into a multi-layered textual entity. One of these layers conveys the author´s ambiguous relation to the language of the ancient colonizers. While Kourouma deliberately chooses to write in French, he adjusts this, as he calls, “pale” and cold” language to better fit the African temperament. The aim of the paper is to show such double coding functions in the novel Allah ńest pas obligé (Allah is not obliged, 2000): the novel, depicting a story of the children soldiers, simultaneously probes the universal questions of the human existence and the portrayal thereof in the work of art.
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This article is a case study focusing on the novel Derriére les panneaux il y a des hommes (2015) by Swiss writer Joseph Incardona. It proves that this winner of the Grand Prix de Littérature Policiére uses devices of crime fiction as a pretext to reflect on present-day social problems. After a brief introduction to the context of detective literature in France where the novel was published, an in-depth textual analysis is carried out. Its results show that the book is neither a traditional detective novel nor a thriller, but a roman noir. Subsequently, Incardona ś unique idiolect, the way in which he depicts the present, and his means of expression are discussed.
EN
The article presents the results of the pre-research of the future thesis Linguistic interference of Slovak and French languages by Francophone speaker with a partial competence in Slovak language from a pragmatic point of view. The pre-research was realised by means of a survey conducted from 04/08/2015 to 03/11/2015. The survey involved questions of sociolinguistic character but also exercises testing grammar of 63 respondents of levels A1, A2, B1 and B2 in Slovak language. The influence of French language on Slovak syntactic constructions was observed particularly in verbal system of Slovak language. That is also why we introduced the term of verbal interference. A negative transfer from French verbal system is found in Slovak sentences produced by Francophone learners. The theory of speech acts is associated to the verb and also the theory of intention of verbal action which are explained in the text.
ARS
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2021
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vol. 54
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issue 1
3 – 32
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The first study, which deal with works of the ‘other modernity’ of the French 19th century, deals with objects that, as multiply producible and stylistically eclectic objects, fell through the Modernist grid, although they correspond exactly to a definition of the avant-garde as formulated in the succession of Saint-Simon. The second study asks whether the iconography of “modern life”, in the sense of Charles Baudelaire’s “Le peintre de la vie moderne”, should not be added to the definition of modernity - against a limited formalist definition of modernity.
EN
The goal of the paper is to contemplate the nature of the narrative structures in the subgenre of family chronicle, which has undoubtedly left a trace in the western patterns of family story-telling. It is mainly theoretically based on a structuralist paper by Claude Bremond titled The Logic of Narrative Possibilities. However, French structuralist narratology is not mentioned here in order to examine the laws of a literary work of art per se. The paper investigates the layer of fabula in a number of European and Czech family chronicles, which is seen as a trace in a reader ́s memory made by reading a particular piece of writing and forming a meaningful whole. The paper uses Bremond ́s analysis to examine the logic of the narration, what impact it has on understanding the category of family in a family chronicle. What are researched is the patterns of the narration logic in family chronicles, which oscillates between the idyllic family togetherness and individualization. The paper proves that the pattern of deterioration seen as family dissolution and the disintegration of idyllic coexistence is not applied everywhere. This enables to review the current theory of the subgenre in question, which was solely defined by the logic of deterioration. Family chronicle brings a number of narrations based on ambivalent attitudes towards family, which is manifested by alternating processes of deterioration and improvement as well as their concurrence. These make the family chronicle characters hate the family, and at the same time regard it as an environment vital for life.
EN
In biomedical engineering, both in the Polish- and French-speaking world, numerous scientific papers are published every year: articles in specialist periodicals, doctoral theses, monographs, academic textbooks, etc. Even a perfunctory analysis of titles and names of authors indicates that these are not translations. At the same time, specialists constantly draw on works written in English. They also refer to them in their publications, thus doing the work of translators (usually unconsciously). The aim of the article is to show how specialists refer to foreign-language works and what linguistic means they use when quoting research results described in a foreign language.
ARS
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2009
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vol. 42
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issue 1
64-80
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The article examines a specific role of medieval architectural language at the 1900 Paris World Exposition. Two ephemeral buildings evocated the presence of the history in a seemingly similar way: partial citations from different epochs - with a specific stress put on the Middle Ages - were mixed together to make stunning ensembles. The similarity of approach and overall impression hid cardinal differences. While in the case of the Hungarian pavilion the medieval citations impersonated the basis for the political and cultural self-concept of the nation, in the case of the French ensemble - Le Vieux Paris - they were instrumental in a merely nostalgic interest in the history of the city.
ARS
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2012
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vol. 45
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issue 1
67 – 82
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The beginnings of Duke Albert of Saxe-Teschen’s (1738 – 1822) more intensive interest in art and art collecting are associated with his stay in Bratislava (former Pressburg) from 1766 to 1780 (after the appointment to the position of the Governor and Chief Captain of Hungary by Empress Maria Theresa in 1765), and his fascination with the ideas of the French Enlightenment and Freemasonry. The article is primarily concerned with the social and cultural values which shaped Albert’s taste and his preferences in the period, when he renovated, built and furnished his residence at Bratislava Castle (including Italian, German, Dutch and Flemish artefacts).
ARS
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2021
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vol. 54
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issue 1
73 – 97
EN
The study focuses on the events in the period of so-called normalisation, specifically between 1972 and 1989. During this period, Alex Mlynárčik continued to cooperate with French artists and art critics, notably Pierre Restany. The study points out the importance of this leading personality of Parisian New realism in terms of the presentation of Jozef Jankovič, Robert Cyprich, Jana Želibská and the White Space in White Space project in Paris. It also focuses on lesser-known publications by Geneviève Bénamou, a French art critic whose thesis was based on research conducted during her stay in Czechoslovakia. As an editor, Bénamou also prepared a book on visual artists of Czech and Slovak’s origin living outside Czechoslovakia, including Vladimir Ossif. Another personality who considerably contributed to shaping the French-Slovak relations was a young philosopher Etienne Cornevin. Over the decade he spent in Slovakia as a French language teacher, he met the circle of visual artists of his generation, members of the unofficial art scene.
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