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Only Prometheanism? The policy of the Polish state towards selected circles of the Russian emigration in the years 1926–1935

100%

Dryblak Ł.

Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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2016

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vol. 51

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issue 1

PL

The article spans the period of 1926–1935, but the presentation of the Polish state policy towards chosen Russian exiles is set in the context of the Polish-Russian co-operation from 1920 to the 1926 May Coup and concludes with an epilogue about Jerzy Niezbrzycki’s cooperation with the members of the Polish branch of the NTS (The National Alliance of Russian Solidarists) in the second half of the 1930s. The author explores the questions of attitudes of the Second Division of the General Staff of the Polish Army and the Ministry of Internal Affairs (occasionally engaged at the same time in Promethean work and contacts with leading members of Russian emigrants in Poland and abroad) towards the Russian emigration. Thus, the article is to answer the questions of the significance of this diaspora to the Polish authorities and of the mechanisms of enlisting their support for the Polish state.The author has reached following conclusions: from the Polish perspective, Promethean activities did not automatically exclude the support for the Russian anti-communist movement, although in fact in the case of a majority of Prometheans it was limited to monitoring of activities of Russian organisations rather than cooperating with them. Contrary to opinions of some researchers, the cooperation with the Russians was not broken after the MOCR-Trust was revealed at the turn of the 1927, but was re-modelled. Often, the purpose of maintaining contacts with the Russians was to replace the activists inconvenient to the authorities with those who were loyal to them; such a policy brought about in the early 1930s the effect of consolidation of the Russian movement around the Polish state, and minimalised German and Soviet impact on it.The study is based on the analysis of the Russian press, memories, published documents and correspondence, as well as materials hold in the Central Archives of Modern Records in Warsaw, Archives of the Institute of National Remembrance and the online collection of the Józef Piłsudski Institute in New York and International Institute of Social History at Amsterdam.

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Inspiracja i formy współpracy polskich instytucji państwowych z wydawcami i redakcjami pism rosyjskich w latach 1919–1935 - zarys problematyki

100%

Dryblak Ł.

Dzieje Najnowsze

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2016

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vol. 48

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issue 1

PL

Inspiration and Forms of the Cooperation of Polish State Institutions with the Publishers and Editorial Boards of Russian Periodicals in 1919–1935 - an OutlineThe inspiration and cooperation of Polish state institutions with the publishers and editorial boards of Russian periodicals from 1919 exerted a considerable impact on the functioning of the Russian émigrés and minority in Poland as well as the large number of Russian–speaking readers residing in the Eastern Borderlands. This article is an outline of the activity conducted by the Society of the Eastern Borderland Guards, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and the Second Department of the General Staff vis a vis the Russian press. The author discussed the reasons for the interest of the Polish authorities in the Russian press and attempted to assess the effects of this activity. Furthermore, by resorting to the Russian example he tried to present certain constant mechanisms of the undertakings of Polish institutions, which embarked upon similar initiatives also in relation to the press of other minority and émigré groups. Finally, the article distinguishes several types of inspiration of the Russian press. The introduction offers a concise examination of the circumstances of the Russian influx in Poland after 1918, the number of the Russians, and their scattering across Polish territory. The first part focuses on Polish–Russian contacts during the Polish–Bolshevik war, with the author discussing the structure of the Russian press in 1919–1920 and the first inspiration–oriented operations. Upon the basis of the example of the Vladimir Horvitz–Samoylov case attention is drawn to the threat posed by cooperation with the Russians. The second part of the text deals with the use made of wartime experiences for the development of the inspiration of Russian periodicals outside Poland. The following fragment considers periodicals addressed chiefly to local readers and describes two divergent instances: „Novaya Rossiya” and „Volinskoe Slovo”. The last part brings the reader closer to the activity of Dmitry Filosofov, one of the leaders of the Russian émigrés in Poland. The article places particular emphasis on plans of expanding Filosofov’s press endeavours under Polish auspices so as to encompass important domestic and foreign periodicals that, associated with „Za Svobodu!”, could have resulted in a prominent press concern. This would have been an extremely essential achievement aimed at promoting the idea of a „third Russia” in accordance with the conception launched by Filosofov and, at the same time, the notions propounded by the Polish state, which would have gained a powerful propaganda instrument both at home and abroad. The article ends with a summary of the conclusions and an assessment of the policy carried out by the Polish state in 1919–1935.

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Czy tylko prometeizm? Polityka państwa polskiego wobec wybranych kół emigracji rosyjskiej w latach 1926–1935

67%

Dryblak Ł.

Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

|

2016

|

vol. 51

|

issue 1

PL

Autor artykułu stawia sobie za zadnie przeanalizowanie polityki władz polskich względem emigrantów rosyjskich przebywających w Polsce, w latach 1926–1935 i znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, na ile polityka ta różniła się od polityki prowadzonej we wcześniejszym okresie. Odpowiada również na pytanie, jakie były przyczyny zainteresowania władz polskich Rosjanami w kontekście polityki prometejskiej.

EN

The author sets himself a task of analysing policy of the Polish authorities towards the Russian emigrants in Poland in 1926–1935 and of answering the question in which way that policy differed from the one pursued in the earlier period. He also answers the question of what caused the interest of the Polish authorities in the Russians in the context of Promethean policy.

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2 Studia z Dziejów Rosji i Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej

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3 Dryblak Ł.

3 2016

Only Prometheanism? The policy of the Polish state towards selected circles of the Russian emigration in the years 1926–1935

Inspiracja i formy współpracy polskich instytucji państwowych z wydawcami i redakcjami pism rosyjskich w latach 1919–1935 - zarys problematyki

Czy tylko prometeizm? Polityka państwa polskiego wobec wybranych kół emigracji rosyjskiej w latach 1926–1935