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Genderové bariéry: příklad sexuálního obtěžování

100%
Krizkova A., Uhde Z.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
|
2005
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vol. 6
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issue 2
31-37
EN
The article deals with the phenomenon of the sexual harassment in the working place in the Czech Republic. The authoresses analyze sexual harassment as one of effects of men's symbolic power over women causing cultural misrecognition of women and at the same time as one of factors supporting economic inequality between men and women in western societies. They apply the two-dimensional theory of justice by Nancy Fraser and argue that the existence of sexual harassment confirms Fraser's notion of gender as bivalent category as well as the necessity for combining the cultural politics of recognition with politics of redistribution. Furthermore, the article presents the research's results on incidence and forms of the sexual harassment in the population of the Czech Republic which was realized by the Public Opinion Research Center and by the Gender & sociology department of the Institute of Sociology, Academy of Science of the Czech Republic. The research confirms the existence and high significance of the phenomenon of sexual harassment within the working relations in the Czech Republic. (www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2006020607)
2
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Muži na okraji: systémové znevýhodnění mladých mužů bez maturity?

80%
Smidova I.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2008
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vol. 9
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issue 2
23-27
EN
The text examines school failure and the underachievement of boys in the light of the wider context of gendered, un/equal opportunities in the education system and process. Recent findings from international research reports are raised in a discussion to confirm or refute theories of the marginalization of boys and young men. Based on relevant Czech statistical data, the article contributes to opening up Czech sociological debate on gendered educational and life courses.
3

SMELLING MALE SEX HORMON-LIKE STEROIDS ALTERS THE PERCEIVED GENDER OF A FACE

80%
Zsadanyi-Nagy Z., Kovacs G.
Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle (Hungarian Psychological Review)
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2007
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vol. 62
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issue 2
181-191
EN
Recently more and more studies test the interactions between the visual and olfactory systems. In their present paper the authors studied the effect of an odorous male gender specific sex-hormone - like steroid (5-alpha-androgenst-16-en-3-one) on face perception of healthy adult males in a two-alternative forced-choice gender discrimination task. According to their results subjects judge a particular face significantly more male when inhaling the steroid, than in the control condition. The authors' experiments illustrate that the olfactory presentation of sex-hormone - like steroids can alter the sexual discrimination of faces in a symmetric way, consequently there is a close interaction between olfactory and visual modalities, and this relationship manifests on socially important odorous substances and human faces.
4

Kto i z jakich przyczyn dyskryminuje kobiety w sferze pracy zawodowej? Podmioty dyskryminujace oraz dyskryminowane

80%
Zwiech P.
Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne
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2012
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issue 2(56)
163-170
EN
People who discriminate against selected categories of persons and those discriminated against coexist in every society. Numerous studies indicate that the situation of women on the labour market is more difficult than that of men, which possibly means that, in the professional sphere, women are disadvantaged in relation to men. This paper is aimed at identifying groups which may be interested in the discrimination of women in terms of employment and the reasons for such discrimination and self-discrimination, i.e. the fact that women agree to work on worse conditions than men.
5
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Případová studie diskriminace v odměňování a několik poznámek k pramenům práva

80%
Havelkova B.
Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)
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2005
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vol. 6
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issue 2
21-24
EN
The authoress' aim is to provide an orientation in the basic norms of European law. She deals with the act prohibiting discrimination in rewarding and describes an example of the discrimination which is important not only because the European court of justice applied its test of objective justification for the first time here, but also because in this case European court of justice for the first time involved benefits of employment (e.g. company pension) under the concept of reward. She also introduces the basic legal norms of the European law concerning the issue of the equal opportunities for men and women. The European law is part of the Czech legal system and it is superior to Czech law, thus the authoress further points out the possibilities of citizens (like individual) to sue of justice at both national and European courts of justice. She brings out suggestions how to work with the resources of European law and also explanes the role of the European as well as Czech courts of justice in application of the European legal norms generally and particularly in case of the discrimination in rewarding and in treatment. (www.genderonline.cz/view.php?cisloclanku=2006020604)
6

GENDER ASPECT OF THE SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT (Gendernyi aspekt rozvytku maloho pidpryiemnytstva)

80%
Lavrinenko N., Rudik O.
Sotsiolohiia: teoriia, metody, marketyng (Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing)
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2010
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issue 3
111-135
EN
The article is devoted to the gender aspect of development of small business in Ukraine. Although, historically, sex did not have deciding influence on success in business (the capital amount had a greater weight), however the level of women participation in business, in its management, and also among its proprietors was always lower as compared to men. And now there is a gender disbalance in this sphere of employment. Well-educated businesswomen are not engaged enough in this type of activity that is the inefficient strategy of economic development. An analysis of situation in small business from the viewpoint of the level of women representation, efficiency and terms of their labor, as well as the presence/lack of the facts of gender discrimination is the purpose of the article. Research of gender aspect of small business was carried out on the basis of data analysis of statistics, secondary analysis of the data of economic and sociological researches, and also on the basis of information of own research by the method of focus-groups. The gender analysis of the sphere of small business resulted in the following conclusions: the horizontal gender segregation takes place, when women are mainly concentrated in less profitable types of employment (trade, sphere of services, farming). Transport, communication and building are trends of activity of businessmen. The labor conditions in such industries as the market and agriculture trade are extremely hard and unhealthy. Immediate measures should be taken to improve labor conditions of women making a majority at the market. Gender discrimination is seen in the phenomenon which was marked by all polled women: bribes are more frequently and more insolently extorted from business women, than from business men. As evaluated by business women the efficiency of their labor from the viewpoint of incomes does not differ in any way from the labor of men working next to them. A great problem for women working in small business is the receipt of social help after the child delivery. If an expectant mother wants to receive money from the state, she has to close her enterprise. For the hired workers (both men and women) engaged in the field of business the proper registration of labor relations is also a problem. Very often they work without registration of labor agreements and record in a service-record (so-called shadow labor-market). The basic gender problem, that was revealed in a talk with women: they, practically, have no reflections in respect of the gender problems of the society. Thus, in the field of gender relations of the Ukrainian society a conflict between the notions of Ukrainians as to normative gender roles which are mainly understood as traditional, and real types of gender relations in a family and at work, among with prevailing egalitarian gender relations.
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