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1

Metody geofizyczne w procesie poszukiwania ukrytych zwłok

100%
Adamiec J., Zdeb K.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2020
|
vol. 56
191-200
EN
In this article, the author presents how to use geophysical research to look for corpses. During the search, the following methods can be used: GPR, magnetic and metal detector, which assists in the detection of graves and mass graves. Research can be conducted as part of forensic archaeology and prosecutor’s proceedings. This article presents the possibilities and limitations of these methods.
2

Integrated Archaeogeophysical Approach for the Study of a Medieval Monastic Settlement in Basilicata

75%
Leucci G., Masini N., Rizzo E., Capozzoli L., De Martino G., De Giorgi L., Marzo C., Roubis D., Sogliani F.
Open Archaeology
|
2014
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
The paper deals with the results of an archaeo-geophysical approach adopted for the study and the reconstruction of the architectural plan of the medieval monastery of San Pietro a Cellaria in Calvello (Basilicata, Southern Italy). The monastery is a remarkable witness to Benedectine architecture of the 12-13th century in Basilicata, built by monks of the Congregation of S. Maria di Pulsano, who were active mainly in southern Italy. The historical data and the diachronic architectural study, based on the analysis of building techniques, provide evidence for a long and intense history, during which the monastery underwent several architectural changes, including the demolition of buildings and the superposition of other constructional elements. The only preserved medieval remains are a church with a nave; the adjacent structures are more recent. This preliminary data prompted a research project to shed new light on the as yet unknown history of the medieval monastery. Specifically, a remote sensing approach around the monastery including aerial survey by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and geomagnetic survey in gradiometric configuration (MAG), was adopted in order to verify the possible existence of buried masonry structures and other possible features of archaeological interest, including channels and aqueducts. The GPR time slices were constructed from closely spaced parallel profiles. The time slices, computed by averaging radar reflections over vertical time windows several nanoseconds thick, are used to map subsoil features associated with the structures, probably of anthropogenic origin. To facilitate the interpretation of the results, a threedimensional image was constructed using closely spaced parallel profiles, which are linearly interpolated. The MAG survey was carried in gradiometer configuration, in order to study magnetic properties of the shallow subsoil. Ground-penetrating radar gives details about archaeological structures in a limited area where survey was possible, while gradiometer survey confirms GPR results and improves archaeological knowledge in the areas where GPR survey was impossible. This multi-sensor remote sensing program revealed a wide variety of archaeological features of interest, which may be targeted accurately with excavations in the future.
3

Wyprzedzające badania georadarowe obiektów architektonicznych na przykładzie zamku w Przezmarku (gm. Stary Dzierzgoń, pow. sztumski, woj. pomorskie)

75%
Zdeb K., Żurek M., Adamiec J.
Pomorania Antiqua
|
2020
|
vol. Tom XXIX
s. 279-292
EN
The authors present the application of the GPR method. The material for analysis was obtained during GPR works carried out at the Teutonic castle in Przezmark. They have become an important supplement to the available historical knowledge and results of previous excavations. Due to the lack of accurate information about the buildings located in the castle area, an attempt was made to identify the area in a non-invasive manner. For verification of architectural remains invisible in the modern landscape, the GPR device VIY -300i with a 300 MHz screen antenna from Transient Technologies LLC was used. After processing the data, an image of the examined area was obtained, in which GPR anomalies were observed. Due to the nature of the examined object, they were initially associated with architectural objects. After obtaining the results in the indicated place, a test trench was established to confirm the anomaly and to recognise its origin.
4
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NON-DESTRUCTIVE RESEARCH OF THE CHURCH OF BIRTH OF THE VIRGIN IN ŽELIV BY HUMPOLEC

75%
Hašek V., Maštera L., Šindelář J., Thomová Z.
Študijné zvesti
|
2008
|
issue 43
5 - 22
EN
Archaeological research of the Premonstratensian monastery in Želiv was realized in 2007 on the basis of the investor´s request in the conventual church of Birth of the Virgin as a non-destructive research of underground features. In the concrete, prospection of several funeral areas was made, where a number of experts in socio-scientific, scientific and technical fields collaborated. In the crypt of Abbots, built in front of the main altar, prominent baroque abbots were laid to rest. Another crypt of the Brethren is an extensive crypt with a large number of burials that cannot be defined or timed. It can be assumed that they are burials of baroque monks as well. In the conventual church other 3 crypts were researched that had belonged to the noble families which had been rewarded by confraternity with the Želiv canonia for their outstanding service to the monastery, and were buried in the church of Birth of the Virgin. The crypt of the knights Vraždas of Kunvald, who belonged to gentry in the Čáslav region, by the second northern pillar of the baroque quadrature in the northern aisle, was without burials. The least damaged was the crypt of the lords Leskovecs of Leskovec, built in front of the memorial arch of the conventual church. The name of this old noble family is derived from a stronghold called Leskovec by Počátky. Burials in the last examined crypt of the counts Věžníks of Věžníky, located by the second southern pillar of the baroque quadrature, were most damaged and no detailed information about them can be given. Geophysical measuring detected remains of wallings and other burial spaces in the interior of the church under the present floor. However, they have not been verified by a test pit and a mini-camera. This way a new technological procedure developed that is not only suitable for determining and verifying the character of inaccessible hollows, but also enables maximally careful treatment of the examined historical features.
5

Bazylika archikatedralna Wniebowzięcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny i św. Andrzeja we Fromborku w świetle badań georadarowych

75%
Zdeb K., Żurek M., Adamiec J.
Pomorania Antiqua
|
2022
|
vol. Tom XXXI
147–163
EN
The article presents the course of non-invasive geophysical recognition of burials under the floors of the church of Cathedral Basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St Andrew in Frombork. There is a history of the GPR method used in the church since 2005, as well as the method of data acquisition and interpretation. The results were compared with the prospection in places of alleged crypts.
6
Content available remote

GEOFYZIKÁLNA PROSPEKCIA NA SLOVENSKU V ROKOCH 2010 AŽ 2014

63%
Cheben M.
Študijné zvesti
|
2015
|
issue 57
111 - 139
EN
Non-destructive archaeological methods play a significant role in acquiring the information about archaeological sites. The most often used are geophysical methods, especially the magnetic and geoelectric ones. As part of the project CEVNAD, several geophysical measurements were carried out in the years 2010 to 2014, in the river basins of the Hron, Ipeľ and Žitava, as well as in the Košická kotlina and in the territory of Spiš. The excavation was done in such archaeological sites as settlements, fortified settlements, fortresses, temporary Roman camps, burial grounds, churches, fortified areas, etc. The main aim of the measurements was to acquire information, as precise as possible, on the nature of the explored settlement or the deserted architecture (its extent, form, orientation, size of the deserted walls). During five years, magnetic method was used to measure 46 archaeological sites, including such features as ground plans of long houses, channels, stoves, half sunken-floored houses, storage pits, clay pits, fortification systems – ditches, etc. Using GPR survey, 34 archaeological sites were measured during this period. Measurement was focused especially on deserted churches, interiors in churches and monasteries, as well as spaces in fortified areas. In several sites geophysical survey was followed by archaeological survey. The results obtained from the geophysical measuring and archaeological excavation could then be compared and confronted. In most cases, the results were the same.
7
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Zastosowanie metody georadarowej w badaniach dawnej architektury: relikty gotyckiego kościoła w Trzygłowie/Trieglaff (gm. Gryfice, Pomorze Zachodnie)

63%
Welc F.
Saeculum Christianum. Pismo Historyczne
|
2023
|
vol. 30
|
issue 1
EN
The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) method has been used for many years in archaeological research. However, this method is still not widely used in studies of past architecture. The biggest problem in implementing the GPR in sites with archaeological relics are the extensive layers of rubble, leveling, vegetation, and infrastructure elements which significantly hinder the measurement and interpretation of the results obtained. Despite these limitations, properly planned and executed GPR studies, even in a small area, can provide very significant information on the remains of ancient buildings located underground. Moreover, the results of GPR profiling, integrated with historical data, allow for a three-dimensional reconstruction of searched architectural relics, not preserved above ground. An example may be the results of an GPR studies, presented in this article, performed on relics of the Gothic church of St. Elisabeth at Trzygłów (village in the commune of Gryfice, north – western Poland). This building was demolished in 1955. The results of the geophysical reconnaissance combined with a search of archival material, made it possible to visualise spatially (3D) the appearance of the non-existent church and, so to speak, reintroduce it to the local community. It seems that such a comprehensive approach should be standard in contemporary geophysical research focusing on the relics of past architecture. 
PL
Metoda georadarowa jest od wielu lat stosowana z powodzeniem w archeologii. Zaczyna być również standardem w nieinwazyjnych badaniach dawnej architektury. Największym problemem w implementacji tej metody na stanowiskach z reliktami architektonicznymi są rozległe warstwy gruzu, niwelacje, roślinność oraz elementy infrastruktury, które znacząco utrudniają pomiar oraz interpretację uzyskanych wyników. Pomimo tych ograniczeń, prawidłowo zaplanowane i wykonane badania georadarowe, nawet na niewielkim obszarze, mogą dostarczyć bardzo istotnych informacji dotyczących znajdujących się pod ziemią pozostałości dawnych budowli. Co więcej, wyniki profilowania georadarowego zintegrowane z danymi historycznymi pozwalają na trójwymiarową rekonstrukcję niezachowanego na powierzchni ziemi zabytku. Przykładem mogą być prezentowane w niniejszym artykule wyniki badań georadarowych reliktów gotyckiego kościoła św. Elżbiety w Trzygłowie (dawniej Trieglaff – wieś w gminie Gryfice, północno-zachodnia Polska). Świątynię tą rozebrano w 1955 roku. Wyniki rozpoznania geofizycznego w połączeniu z kwerendą materiałów archiwalnych pozwoliły na zobrazowanie przestrzenne (3D) wyglądu nieistniejącego już kościoła i niejako ponowne przywrócenie go lokalnej społeczności. Zaprezentowane tu podejście powinno być standardem w badanych architektonicznych zabytkowych budowli z użyciem metod nieinwazyjnych, co autor niniejszego opracowania proponuje określić terminem geofizyka architektury.
8
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SVÄTÝ JUR-HILLFORT NEŠTICH – NEW INSIGHTS ON THE SETTLEMENT AND FORTIFICATION OF THE EARLY MEDIEVAL HILLFORT

63%
Milo P., Vavák J., Vágner M., Prišťáková M., Murín I., Tencer T.
Študijné zvesti
|
2020
|
vol. 67
|
issue 1
103 - 127
EN
In literature, the hillfort in Svätý Jur is known as an important early medieval centre, dated back to the 9th century, most notably to its second half. However, the first evidence of the use of the site in the early medieval period comes from the 8th century. Part of the monuments could also belong to the first half of the 10th century. In addition to the central acropolis, which is defined by massive ramparts, the hillfort has two chronologically slightly younger baileys. The archaeological research took place here in the years 1957–1962 and restarted again in 2006. Nevertheless, information about the settlement density and its inner structure as well as the character of the fortification system is relatively modest. In this regard we tried to gain new knowledge by deploying a wide range of geophysical prospecting methods. Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Geo-radar survey (GPR) measurements were carried out, focusing on the fortification elements of the hillfort. Within a third used method – magnetometry, we focused on the prospection of inner area of both outer baileys. On this count, it was possible to define the internal structure of the ramparts and identify some of the constructional elements of the wall, as well as to define the extent of the inhabited area and locate several settlement structures. From the methodological point of view, the comparison of geophysical data with the results of earlier archaeological research played an important role.
9
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Finansowo-techniczna ocena efektywności funkcjonowania wybranych podmiotów łańcucha gospodarki żywnościowej

51%
Małgorzata K., Danuta M.
Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development
|
2016
|
issue 1(39)
113-120
EN
The aim of the article was technical and economic assessment of organizational improvements and use of resources of the examined business entities within the frames of their economic activity. The measurement of economic effi ciency was done with the use of commonly accepted profi tability indices (ROE, profi t margin and RONA). The technical assessment was based on the DEA method, taking into account the model: CRS, VRS and the scale of production. The variables applied in the model w ere operating incomes, as well as expenditures, i.e. UR area, labour input, value of fi xed assets and expenditure connected with energy and materials consumption. The research results proved that there were not signifi cant diff erences between the examined groups (Z and N) as far as calculated indices were concerned.
PL
Celem artykułu była ocena fi nansowo-techniczna usprawnień organizacyjnych oraz wykorzystanie zasobów badanych podmiotów w ramach prowadzonej przez nie działalności gospodarczej. Pomiaru efektywności fi nansowej dokonano za pomocą wskaźników rentowności (aktywów, sprzedaży i kapitału własnego), natomiast oceny technicznej zgodnie z metodą DEA, uwzględniającą model: CRS, VRS oraz skalę produkcji. Zmiennymi zastosowanymi w modelu były przychody z działalności operacyjnej oraz nakłady, tj. powierzchnia UR, nakłady pracy, wartość środków trwałych, a także koszty związane z użyciem materiałów i energii. Wyniki badań nie wykazały istotnych różnic między badanymi grupami podmiotów zrzeszonych (grupa Z) i niezrzeszonych w GPR (grupa N) pod względem osiągniętych wskaźników efektywności.
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